Cryptococcus infection pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
- Cryptococcus neoformans enters the body through the respiratory tract.
- Immunocompetent individuals can contain C. neoformans in the lung.[1]
- In the case of an immunocompromised host, the yeast cells division is uncontrolled and the infection can disseminate into the brain via the hematogenous route, causing meningoencephalitis.[2]
- Cryptococcus neoformans enters the brain parenchyma passing through the blood brain barrier via a mechanism called transcytosis which is mediated by interactions between CD44 expressed on endothelium and cryptococcal hyaluronic acids.[3]
References
- ↑ Kwon-Chung KJ, Sorrell TC, Dromer F, Fung E, Levitz SM (2000). "Cryptococcosis: clinical and biological aspects". Med Mycol. 38 Suppl 1: 205–13. PMID 11204147.
- ↑ Gottfredsson M, Perfect JR (2000). "Fungal meningitis". Semin Neurol. 20 (3): 307–22. doi:10.1055/s-2000-9394. PMID 11051295.
- ↑ Jong A, Wu CH, Gonzales-Gomez I, Kwon-Chung KJ, Chang YC, Tseng HK; et al. (2012). "Hyaluronic acid receptor CD44 deficiency is associated with decreased Cryptococcus neoformans brain infection". J Biol Chem. 287 (19): 15298–306. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.353375. PMC 3346080. PMID 22418440.