Bladder cancer physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2] Shanshan Cen, M.D. [3]

Overview

Common physical examination findings of bladder cancer include cachexia, pallor, swelling in the lower extremities and a pelvic mass may be palpated. Swelling in the scrotum or vulva may be seen.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with bladder cancer usually appear cachextic.

Vital Signs

• Hyperthermia

Skin

• Pallor

HEENT

• HEENT examination of patients with bladder cancer is usually normal.

Neck

• Neck examination of patients with bladder cancer is usually normal.

Lungs

• Pulmonary examination of patients with bladder cancer is usually normal.

Heart

• Cardiovascular examination of patients with bladder cancer is usually normal.

Abdomen

• Enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes or hepatic metastases

Genitourinary

• A pelvic mass may be palpated
• Swelling in the scrotum or vulva

Neuromuscular

• Neuromuscular examination of patients with bladder cancer is usually normal.

Extremities

• Swelling in the lower extremities
• Inguinal adenopathy