Avoidant or restrictive food intake disorder

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List of terms related to Avoidant or restrictive food intake disorder

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Avoidant food intake disorder; restrictive food intake disorder

Overview

This disorder is characterized by the abnormal feeding habits. This may lead to critical weight loss, nutritional deficiency and decrease in psychosocial functioning. In this instance, the causes are not attributed to a physical condition.

Differential Diagnosis

• Gastrointestinal disease
• Food allergies and intolerances
• Occult malignancies
• Specific neurological/neuromuscular
• Structural, or congenital disorders
• Conditions associated with feeding difficulties
• Reactive attachment disorder
• Autism spectrum disorder
• Specific phobia
• Social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
• Anorexia nervosa
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• Major depressive disorder
• Schizophrenia spectrum disorders
• Factitious disorder

Risk Factors

• Anxiety disorders
• Autism spectrum disorder
• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• Family history of familial anxiety
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• History of gastrointestinal conditions
• Vomiting

Diagnostic Criteria

DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Avoidant or Restrictive Food Intake Disorder

“

A. An eating or feeding disturbance (e.g. apparent lack of interest in eating or food; avoidance based on the sensory characteristics of food; concern about aversive consequences of eating) as manifested by persistent failure to meet appropriate nutritional and/or energy needs associated with one (or more) of the following: Significant weight loss (or failure to achieve expected weight gain or faltering growth in children). Significant nutritional deficiency. Dependence on enteral feeding or oral nutritional supplements Marked interference with psychosocial functioning. B. The disturbance is not better explained by lack of available food or by an associated culturally sanctioned practice. C. The eating disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, and there is no evidence of a disturbance in the way in which one’s body weight or shape is experienced. D. The eating disturbance is not attributable to a concurrent medical condition or not better explained by another mental disorder. When the eating disturbance occurs in the context of another condition or disorder, the severity of the eating disturbance exceeds that routinely associated with the condition or disorder and warrants additional clinical attention. Specify if: In remission: After full criteria for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder were previously met, the criteria have not been met for a sustained period of time.

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