Antiphospholipid syndrome history and symptoms

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Antiphospholipid syndrome Microchapters

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Differentiating Antiphospholipid syndrome from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Feham Tariq, MD [2]

Overview

Antiphospholipid syndrome can cause (arterial/venous) blood clots (in any organ system) or pregnancy-related complications (especially miscarriages in the second or third trimester). In APS patients, the most common venous event is deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities (blood clot of the deep veins of the legs). The most common arterial event is a stroke. Patients presenting with antiphosphoplipid syndrome have a positive history of deep venous thrombosis, myocardial infarction and stroke. Last trimester miscarriages, history of heart murmurs or cardiac valvular vegetations and hemolytic anemias may also be present.

History

Patients presenting with antiphosphoplipid syndrome (APS) may have a positive history of:[1][2][3]

Symptoms

More Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of APS can be divided into major and minor features:

Major features:

  • Fatigue
  • Fever
  • Weight loss

Minor features:

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of APS include:

References

  1. Jayakody Arachchillage D, Greaves M (2014). "The chequered history of the antiphospholipid syndrome". Br J Haematol. 165 (5): 609–17. doi:10.1111/bjh.12848. PMID 24684307.
  2. Bertolaccini ML, Atsumi T, Escudero Contreras A, Khamashta MA, Hughes GR (2001). "The value of IgA antiphospholipid testing for diagnosis of antiphospholipid (Hughes) syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus". J Rheumatol. 28 (12): 2637–43. PMID 11764209.
  3. Popa A, Voinea L, Pop M, Stana D, Dascalu AM, Alexandrescu C; et al. (2008). "[Primary antiphospholipid syndrome]". Oftalmologia. 52 (1): 13–7. PMID 18714484.

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