Ancylostomiasis primary prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalpana Giri, MBBS[2]
Overview
Effective measures for the primary prevention of ancylostomiasis include periodic mass anthelminthic treatment of at-risk populations, avoid gardening barefooted, patient education on proper hygiene and sanitation.
Prevention
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends controlling STH morbidity through periodic mass anthelminthic treatment of at-risk populations living in endemic areas. Mainly targets preschool-age children, school-age children, and women of childbearing age, because of the particular need for micronutrients in this age group.[1]
- Effective measures for the primary prevention of ancylostomiasis include:
- preventive chemotherapy (PC): albendazole 400 mg PO single dose or mebendazole 500 mg Po single dose is recommended once a year when the prevalence of at least 20% of any STH infection among school-age children and twice a year when it exceeds 50%.
- Also recommend, once PC started, it should be maintained for atleast 5 years.[1]
- For pregnant women especially for those who are in endemic areas prevalent with hookworm infection: albendazole 400 mg PO single dose or mebendazole 500 mg Po single dose after the first trimester.[2]
- Treating cats and dogs for hookworm.
- Patient Education
- We should educate the people especially in endemic areas prevalent with hookworm infection: [3][4]
- Use of proper footwear and avoid gardening barefooted.
- Avoid using water from unsafe sources shared with animals for domestic uses
- Promotes improved sanitation and public health education about proper hygiene such as avoid open-ground defecation and proper utilisation of the pit latrine.
- Avoid eating contaminated food.
- We should educate the people especially in endemic areas prevalent with hookworm infection: [3][4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Marocco C, Bangert M, Joseph SA, Fitzpatrick C, Montresor A (2017). "Preventive chemotherapy in one year reduces by over 80% the number of individuals with soil-transmitted helminthiases causing morbidity: results from meta-analysis". Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 111 (1): 12–17. doi:10.1093/trstmh/trx011. PMC 5590722. PMID 28340144.
- ↑ Liabsuetrakul T, Chaikongkeit P, Korviwattanagarn S, Petrueng C, Chaiya S, Hanvattanakul C; et al. (2009). "Epidemiology and the effect of treatment of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in pregnant women in southern Thailand". Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 40 (2): 211–22. PMID 19323004.
- ↑ Ziegelbauer K, Speich B, Mäusezahl D, Bos R, Keiser J, Utzinger J (2012). "Effect of sanitation on soil-transmitted helminth infection: systematic review and meta-analysis". PLoS Med. 9 (1): e1001162. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001162. PMC 3265535. PMID 22291577.
- ↑ Apili F, Ochaya S, Osingada CP, Mbalinda SN, Mukunya D, Ndeezi G; et al. (2020). "Hookworm Infection among Pregnant Women at First Antenatal Visit in Lira, Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study". Int J Reprod Med. 2020: 8053939. doi:10.1155/2020/8053939. PMC 7341405 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 32685438 Check|pmid=value (help).