Acanthocytosis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Causes

Acanthocytosis is a red cell phenotype associated with various underlying conditions. The most frequent and most significant conditions include abetalipoproteinemia (Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome) and spur cell hemolytic anemia of severe liver disease. Other, less frequent conditions include the following:

  • Neuroacanthocytosis
  • Anorexia nervosa and other malnutrition states
  • Infantile pyknocytosis
  • McLeod syndrome
  • In(Lu) null Lutheran phenotype
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Idiopathic neonatal hepatitis
  • Myxedema
  • Transient hemolysis and stomatocytosis in individuals with alcoholism and mild hemolysis and spherocytosis in individuals with congestive splenomegaly
  • Homozygous familial hypobetalipoproteinemia
  • Zieve syndrome
  • Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) associated with McLeod red cell phenotype

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