Abdominal bruit causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2]

Overview

An abdominal bruit is a swishing, or washing machine like sound heard when the diaphragm of stethoscope is placed over the spleen, renal arteries, or abdominal aorta. It is often indicative of partial occlusion of a vessel, as can be observed in renal artery stenosis or atherosclerosis of the abdominal vasculature.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Abdominal aortic aneurysm, abdominal friction rub, aneurysm of the left common iliac artery, aortic aneurysm, aorto-caval fistula, arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous malformation, atherosclerosis, Cruveilhier-Baumgarten murmur, fibromuscular dysplasia, high output cardiac failure, hypertension, infantile hemangiomas, pseudoaneurysm of the right common iliac artery, renal artery dissection, renal artery stenosis, renovascular disease, secondary hypertension, splanchnic syndrome, Takayasu arteritis, tricuspid regurgitation, vasculitis
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Vasculitis
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Hyperthyroidism
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Alcoholic hepatitis, celiac artery compression syndrome, celiac artery stenosis, cholangiocarcinoma, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoma, liver hemangioma, splanchnic syndrome, superior mesenteric artery stenosis, superior mesenteric artery syndrome, turbulence of the splenic artery
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Fibromuscular dysplasia
Nutritional / Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Pregnancy
Oncologic	Cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoma, infantile hemangioma, liver hemangioma, liver metastasis
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte	Fibromuscular dysplasia, renal artery dissection, renal artery stenosis, renovascular disease
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Takayasu's arteritis, vasculitis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Blunt trauma to the common femoral artery , seat belt aorta
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Abdominal friction rub

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Abdominal aortic aneurysm^[2]^[3]^[4]
Abdominal friction rub
Alcoholic hepatitis
Aneurysm of the left common iliac artery^[5]
Aortic aneurysm
Aorto-caval fistula ^[2]^[3]
Arteriovenous fistula^[6]^[7]^[8]
Arteriovenous malformation
Atherosclerosis^[9]
Blunt trauma to the common femoral artery ^[10]
Celiac artery compression syndrome^[9]
Celiac artery stenosis
Cholangiocarcinoma
Cirrhosis
Cruveilhier-Baumgarten murmur
Fibromuscular dysplasia ^[11]
Hepatocellular carcinoma ^[12]^[13]
Hepatoma
High output cardiac failure^[14]

References

↑ Webb TN, Ramratnam M, Evans RW, Orchard T, Pacella J, Erkan E (2014). "Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis as a cause for hypertension in an adolescent patient". Pediatr Nephrol. 29 (8): 1457–60. doi:10.1007/s00467-014-2774-y. PMID 24531663.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Zaniewski M, Ludyga T, Kazibudzki M, Kowalewska-Twardela T (2002). "[Aorto-caval fistula as a results of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture imitating acute renal insufficiency]". Wiad Lek. 55 (11–12): 785–8. PMID 12715363.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Davidović L, Petrović P, Lotina S, Colić M, Vukotić A, Nesković AN (1997). "[Aorto-caval fistula due to abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture]". Srp Arh Celok Lek. 125 (11–12): 370–4. PMID 9480573.
↑ Petetin L, Pelouze GA, Mercier V, Caraes B, Vaislic C, Evrard C; et al. (1987). "Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm into the inferior vena cava: a study of seven cases". Ann Vasc Surg. 1 (5): 572–7. doi:10.1016/S0890-5096(06)61442-8. PMID 3504699.
↑ Fokou M, Teyang A, Fongang E, Kamga J, Binam F, Sandmann W (2011). "Surgical repair of a giant isolated inflammatory aneurysm of the left common iliac artery". Ann Vasc Surg. 25 (5): 700.e1–4. doi:10.1016/j.avsg.2010.09.030. PMID 21514111.
↑ Goto T, Enmoto T, Akimoto K (2009). "Diagnosis of an ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula by multidetector row computed tomography and surgical repair". Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 8 (3): 387–9. doi:10.1510/icvts.2008.198945. PMID 19074455.
↑ Boonstra RH, van Tol CA, Coster E, Wisselink W (2006). "[Two patients with an initially unrecognised iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula and successful endovascular therapy following lumbar herniotomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy]". Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 150 (6): 323–8. PMID 16503025.
↑ Lim RP, Stella DL, Dowling RJ, Campbell WA, Hebbard GS (2006). "Iliocaval arteriovenous fistula presenting with multiple organ failure". Australas Radiol. 50 (4): 381–5. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1673.2006.01606.x. PMID 16884429.
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 van Noord D, Kuipers EJ, Mensink PB (2009). "Single vessel abdominal arterial disease". Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 23 (1): 49–60. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2008.11.012. PMID 19258186.
↑ Carter SL, McKenzie JG, Hess DR (1981). "Blunt trauma to the common femoral artery". J Trauma. 21 (2): 178–9. PMID 7206014.
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 McAllister MD, Thompson WC, Pabian CJ (1992). "Percutaneous angioplasty for renovascular hypertension due to fibromuscular dysplasia". Am Fam Physician. 46 (4): 1225–30. PMID 1329461.
↑ Kew MC, Dos Santos HA, Sherlock S (1971). "Diagnosis of primary cancer of the liver". Br Med J. 4 (5784): 408–11. PMC 1799483. PMID 5124443.
↑ Ashraf SJ, Arya SC, el-Sayed M, Sahay R, Parande CM, Tajuddin MR; et al. (1986). "A profile of primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients in the Gizan Area of Saudi Arabia". Cancer. 58 (9): 2163–8. PMID 2428466.
↑ Ozaki K, Oda H, Hatada K, Sakai K, Takahashi K, Miida T; et al. (2003). "Highly vascular pelvic tumor causing high-output heart failure because of massive arteriovenous shunting: a case report". Circ J. 67 (6): 554–5. PMID 12808277.
↑ Vijayalakshmi IB, Agrawal N, Narasimhan C, Kavya M, Bagi V, Manjunath CN (2014). "Percutaneous closure of pseudoaneurysm of common iliac artery with amplatzer duct occluder II". Cardiovasc Interv Ther. 29 (1): 76–81. doi:10.1007/s12928-013-0195-7. PMID 23852803.
↑ Slavis SA, Hodge EE, Novick AC, Maatman T (1990). "Surgical treatment for isolated dissection of the renal artery". J Urol. 144 (2 Pt 1): 233–7. PMID 2142739.
↑ Besarab A, Brown RS, Rubin NT, Salzman E, Wirthlin L, Steinman T; et al. (1976). "Reversible renal failure following bilateral renal artery occlusive disease. Clinical features, pathology, and the role of surgical revascularization". JAMA. 235 (26): 2838–41. PMID 946990.
↑ Randhawa MP, Menzoian JO (1990). "Seat belt aorta". Ann Vasc Surg. 4 (4): 370–7. doi:10.1007/BF02000502. PMID 2194560.
↑ Geelkerken RH, van Bockel JH (1997). "The splanchnic syndrome. Diagnosis and indications for treatment". Acta Chir Belg. 97 (2): 69–75. PMID 9161587.
↑ Reed JK, McGiin RF, Gorman JF, Thomford NR (1986). "Traumatic mesenteric arteriovenous fistula presenting as the superior mesenteric artery syndrome". Arch Surg. 121 (10): 1209. PMID 3767653.

CME Category::Cardiology

[pmid24531663-1] Webb TN, Ramratnam M, Evans RW, Orchard T, Pacella J, Erkan E (2014). "Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis as a cause for hypertension in an adolescent patient". Pediatr Nephrol. 29 (8): 1457–60. doi:10.1007/s00467-014-2774-y. PMID 24531663.

[pmid12715363-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Zaniewski M, Ludyga T, Kazibudzki M, Kowalewska-Twardela T (2002). "[Aorto-caval fistula as a results of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture imitating acute renal insufficiency]". Wiad Lek. 55 (11–12): 785–8. PMID 12715363.

[pmid9480573-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Davidović L, Petrović P, Lotina S, Colić M, Vukotić A, Nesković AN (1997). "[Aorto-caval fistula due to abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture]". Srp Arh Celok Lek. 125 (11–12): 370–4. PMID 9480573.

[pmid3504699-4] Petetin L, Pelouze GA, Mercier V, Caraes B, Vaislic C, Evrard C; et al. (1987). "Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm into the inferior vena cava: a study of seven cases". Ann Vasc Surg. 1 (5): 572–7. doi:10.1016/S0890-5096(06)61442-8. PMID 3504699.

[pmid21514111-5] Fokou M, Teyang A, Fongang E, Kamga J, Binam F, Sandmann W (2011). "Surgical repair of a giant isolated inflammatory aneurysm of the left common iliac artery". Ann Vasc Surg. 25 (5): 700.e1–4. doi:10.1016/j.avsg.2010.09.030. PMID 21514111.

[pmid19074455-6] Goto T, Enmoto T, Akimoto K (2009). "Diagnosis of an ilio-iliac arteriovenous fistula by multidetector row computed tomography and surgical repair". Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 8 (3): 387–9. doi:10.1510/icvts.2008.198945. PMID 19074455.

[pmid16503025-7] Boonstra RH, van Tol CA, Coster E, Wisselink W (2006). "[Two patients with an initially unrecognised iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula and successful endovascular therapy following lumbar herniotomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy]". Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 150 (6): 323–8. PMID 16503025.

[pmid16884429-8] Lim RP, Stella DL, Dowling RJ, Campbell WA, Hebbard GS (2006). "Iliocaval arteriovenous fistula presenting with multiple organ failure". Australas Radiol. 50 (4): 381–5. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1673.2006.01606.x. PMID 16884429.

[pmid19258186-9] 9.0 ^9.1 van Noord D, Kuipers EJ, Mensink PB (2009). "Single vessel abdominal arterial disease". Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 23 (1): 49–60. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2008.11.012. PMID 19258186.

[pmid7206014-10] Carter SL, McKenzie JG, Hess DR (1981). "Blunt trauma to the common femoral artery". J Trauma. 21 (2): 178–9. PMID 7206014.

[pmid1329461-11] 11.0 ^11.1 McAllister MD, Thompson WC, Pabian CJ (1992). "Percutaneous angioplasty for renovascular hypertension due to fibromuscular dysplasia". Am Fam Physician. 46 (4): 1225–30. PMID 1329461.

[pmid5124443-12] Kew MC, Dos Santos HA, Sherlock S (1971). "Diagnosis of primary cancer of the liver". Br Med J. 4 (5784): 408–11. PMC 1799483. PMID 5124443.

[pmid2428466-13] Ashraf SJ, Arya SC, el-Sayed M, Sahay R, Parande CM, Tajuddin MR; et al. (1986). "A profile of primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients in the Gizan Area of Saudi Arabia". Cancer. 58 (9): 2163–8. PMID 2428466.

[pmid12808277-14] Ozaki K, Oda H, Hatada K, Sakai K, Takahashi K, Miida T; et al. (2003). "Highly vascular pelvic tumor causing high-output heart failure because of massive arteriovenous shunting: a case report". Circ J. 67 (6): 554–5. PMID 12808277.

[pmid23852803-15] Vijayalakshmi IB, Agrawal N, Narasimhan C, Kavya M, Bagi V, Manjunath CN (2014). "Percutaneous closure of pseudoaneurysm of common iliac artery with amplatzer duct occluder II". Cardiovasc Interv Ther. 29 (1): 76–81. doi:10.1007/s12928-013-0195-7. PMID 23852803.

[pmid2142739-16] Slavis SA, Hodge EE, Novick AC, Maatman T (1990). "Surgical treatment for isolated dissection of the renal artery". J Urol. 144 (2 Pt 1): 233–7. PMID 2142739.

[pmid946990-17] Besarab A, Brown RS, Rubin NT, Salzman E, Wirthlin L, Steinman T; et al. (1976). "Reversible renal failure following bilateral renal artery occlusive disease. Clinical features, pathology, and the role of surgical revascularization". JAMA. 235 (26): 2838–41. PMID 946990.

[pmid2194560-18] Randhawa MP, Menzoian JO (1990). "Seat belt aorta". Ann Vasc Surg. 4 (4): 370–7. doi:10.1007/BF02000502. PMID 2194560.

[pmid9161587-19] Geelkerken RH, van Bockel JH (1997). "The splanchnic syndrome. Diagnosis and indications for treatment". Acta Chir Belg. 97 (2): 69–75. PMID 9161587.

[pmid3767653-20] Reed JK, McGiin RF, Gorman JF, Thomford NR (1986). "Traumatic mesenteric arteriovenous fistula presenting as the superior mesenteric artery syndrome". Arch Surg. 121 (10): 1209. PMID 3767653.

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