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__NOTOC__
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==Acid Base Disorders==


== Blood Gas Analysis ==
[[Sandbox: wdx]]


{|
[[Xyz]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Blood gas analysis
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Vessel
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Range
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Interpretation
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Oxygen Partial Pressure (pO<sub>2</sub>)
| rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |80 to 100 mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<80  mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Hypoxia
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |35 to 40 mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Oxygen Saturation (SO<sub>2</sub>)
| rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>95%
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<95%
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Hypoxia
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |70 to 75%
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |pH
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<7.35
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Acidemia
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |7.35 to 7.45
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>7.45
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Alkalemia
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |7.26 to 7.46
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure (pCO<sub>2</sub>)
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<35 mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Low
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |35 to 45 mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>45 mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |High
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |40 to 45 mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Bicarbonate (HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>)
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<22 mmol/L
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Low
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |22 to 26 mmol/L
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>26 mmol/L
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |High
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |19 to 28 mmol/L
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Base Excess (BE)
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<−3.4
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Acidemia
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−3.4 to +2.3 mmol/L
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>2.3
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Alkalemia
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−2 to −5 mmol/L
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Osmolar gap = Osmolality – Osmolarity
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>10
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Abnormal
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Anion gap = [Na<sup>+</sup>] – {[Cl<sup>−</sup>]+[HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>]}
Corrected AG = (measured serum AG) + (2.5 x [4.5 − Alb])
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<8
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Low
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |8 to 16
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>16
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |High
|}


== Compensation ==
[[Abc]]
* There are compensation mechanisms in the body in order to normalizing the pH inside the blood.<ref name="pmid20859488">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sood P, Paul G, Puri S |title=Interpretation of arterial blood gas |journal=Indian J Crit Care Med |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=57–64 |date=April 2010 |pmid=20859488 |pmc=2936733 |doi=10.4103/0972-5229.68215 |url=}}</ref>
# [[Sandbox:Preeti]]
* The amount of compensation depends on proper functioning of renal and respiratory systems. However, it is uncommon to compensate completely. Compensatory mechanisms might correct only 50–75% of pH to normal.
# [[Lymphoma]]
* Acute respiratory compensation usually occurs within first day. However, chronic respiratory compensation takes 1 to 4 days to occur.
# [[Breast lumps differential diagnosis]]
* Renal compensation might occur slower than respiratory compensation.
# [[Neck masses differential diagnosis]]
{|
# [[Leukemia]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Primary disorder
{| class="wikitable"
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |pH
|+
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |PaCO<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |[HCO3<sup>−</sup>]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Compensation
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Compensation formula
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Metabolic acidosis]]
| colspan="2" |[[:Category:Risk calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
[[Category:Risk calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Respiratory
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Expected paCO<sub>2</sub> = 1.5 x serum HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup> + 8 ± 2 ([[Winters' formula]])
* Expected paCO<sub>2</sub> = Serum HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup> + 15
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Metabolic alkalosis]]
| colspan="2" |[[Deep vein thrombosis assessment of clinical probability and risk scores]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Respiratory
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Expected paCO<sub>2</sub> = 0.5 − 1 increase/ every 1 unit increase in serum HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup> from 24
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Respiratory acidosis]]
| colspan="2" |[[Pulmonary embolism assessment of clinical probability and risk scores]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acute: HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>  increases by 1mEq/L for every 10 mmHg increase in paCO2 above 40 
* Chronic: HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>  increases by 3.5mEq/L for every 10 mmHg increase in paCO2 above 40
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Respiratory alkalosis]]
|[[Padua prediction score]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
|[[widget:PaduaVTEscore]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Acute: HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>  decreases by 2mEq/L for every 10 mmHg derease in paCO2 above 40 
* Chronic: HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup> decreases by 5mEq/L for every 10 mmHg decrease in paCO2 above 40
|}
 
==Approach to acid–base disorders==
{{familytree/start |summary=Sample 1}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | A01 |A01=Check [[pH]] on ABG}}
{{familytree | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.| | | }}
{{familytree | | | B01 | | | | | | | |B02| | |B01=pH < 7.35= '''[[Acidosis]]'''|B02=pH > 7.45= '''[[Alkalosis]]'''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | C01 | | | | | | | | |!| |C01=Check PaCO<sub>2</sub>}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|.| | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | D01 | | D02 | | | | | | D03 |D01=PaCO<sub>2</sub> > 45mm Hg = <br>'''[[Respiratory acidosis]]'''|D02=PaCO<sub>2</sub> Normal or < 35mm Hg = <br>'''[[Metabolic acidosis]]'''|D03=Check PaCO<sub>2</sub>}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|.| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |E02| | E03 | |E02=PaCO<sub>2</sub> > 45mm Hg = <br>'''[[Metabolic alkalosis]]'''|E03=PaCO<sub>2</sub> < 35mm Hg = <br>'''[[Respiratory alkalosis]]'''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | F01 | | | F02 |F01=[HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] > 29|F02=Check [HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>]}}
{{Familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| | }}
{{Familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |C01 | | | | C02 |C01= Normal or slight decrease = <br>'''Acute [[respiratory alkalosis]]'''| C02= Decreased < 24 = <br>'''Chronic [[respiratory alkalosis]]'''}}
{{familytree/end}}
 
==Management of Acidosis==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | A01 | | | | | |A01=[[pH]] < 7.35}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | B01 | | | | | |B01=[[Acidosis]]}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | B02 | | | | | |B02='''Determine the primary disorder'''<br> Metabolic or respiratory?}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | B03 | | | | | |B03=Check [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] and PaCO<sub>2</sub>}}
{{familytree | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| }}
{{familytree | | | C01 | | | | | | | | | | | |C02|C01=Low [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] <br>and<br> Low to normal PaCO<sub>2</sub>|C02= High PaCO<sub>2</sub> <br>and<br> High to normal [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] }}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | C03 | | | | | | | | | | | | C04 |C03=[[Metabolic acidosis]]|C04=[[Respiratory acidosis]]}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | C05 | | | | | | | | | | | | C06 |C05='''Check for respiratory compensation'''<br><br>Calculate expected PCO<sub>2</sub>|C06='''Check for renal compensation'''<br><br> Calculate expected [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] }}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.|}}
{{familytree | | | D01 | | | | | | | | D02 | | | | | | D03 |D01=Decrease in PaCO<sub>2</sub>=1.25 x (24- measured HCO3<sup>-</sup>)?|D02='''Acute acidosis?'''<br><br>Increase [HCO3<sup>-</sup>]=0.1 x (measure PaCO<sub>2</sub>-40)?|D03='''Chronic acidosis?'''<br><br>Increase [HCO3<sup>-</sup>]=0.1 x (measure PaCO<sub>2</sub>-40)?}}
{{familytree | |,|-|+|-|.| | | | | |,|-|+|-|.| | | |,|-|+|-|.| | }}
{{familytree | E01 |!| E02 | | | | E03 |!| E04 | | E05 |!| E06 |E01=PaCO<sub>2</sub> too low?<br><br> '''Mixed metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosis'''|E02=PaCO<sub>2</sub> too high?<br><br> '''Mixed metabolic acidosis with respiratory acidosis'''|E03=[HCO3<sup>-</sup>] too low? <br><br> '''Mixed respiratory acidosis with metabolic acidosis'''|E04=[HCO3<sup>-</sup>] too high? <br><br> '''Mixed respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis'''|E05=[HCO3<sup>-</sup>] too low? <br><br> '''Mixed respiratory acidosis with metabolic acidosis'''|E06=E04=[HCO3<sup>-</sup>] too high? <br><br> '''Mixed respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis''' }}
{{familytree | |:| E07 |:| | | | | |:| E08 |:| | | |:| E09 |:|E07=Measured PaCO<sub>2</sub> is equal to expected value?<br><br> '''Compensated metabolic acidosis'''|E08=Measured [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] is equal to expected value? <br><br> '''Compensated respiratory acidosis'''|E09=Measured [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] is equal to expected value? <br><br> '''Compensated respiratory acidosis''' }}
{{familytree | |:| |:| |:| | | | | |:| |:| |:| | | |:| |:| |:| | }}
{{familytree | |L| F01 |J| | | | | |L|~|A|~|A| F02 |A|~|A|~|J| | F01=[[Metabolic acidosis resident survival guide|'''Click here for the management of metabolic acidosis''']]|F02=[[Respiratory acidosis resident survival guide|'''Click here for the management of respiratory acidosis''']] }}
{{familytree/end}}
 
==Metabolic Acidosis==
'''''Differential diagnosis of metabolic acidosis is as follow:'''''<ref name="pmid17936961">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lim S |title=Metabolic acidosis |journal=Acta Med Indones |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=145–50 |date=2007 |pmid=17936961 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="MorrisLow2008">{{cite journal|last1=Morris|first1=C. G.|last2=Low|first2=J.|title=Metabolic acidosis in the critically ill: Part 1. Classification and pathophysiology|journal=Anaesthesia|volume=63|issue=3|year=2008|pages=294–301|issn=00032409|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05370.x}}</ref><ref name="pmid18336491">{{cite journal |vauthors=Morris CG, Low J |title=Metabolic acidosis in the critically ill: part 2. Causes and treatment |journal=Anaesthesia |volume=63 |issue=4 |pages=396–411 |date=April 2008 |pmid=18336491 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007.05371.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="Casaletto2005">{{cite journal|last1=Casaletto|first1=Jennifer J.|title=Differential Diagnosis of Metabolic Acidosis|journal=Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America|volume=23|issue=3|year=2005|pages=771–787|issn=07338627|doi=10.1016/j.emc.2005.03.007}}</ref>
 
'''To review differential diagnosis of  high anion gap metabolic acidosis, click here.'''
 
'''To review differential diagnosis of  high osmolar gap metabolic acidosis, click here.'''
 
'''To review differential diagnosis of  metabolic acidosis and lactic acidosis, click here.'''
 
{|
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Category
! colspan="2" rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Disease
! colspan="3" rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Mechanism
! colspan="8" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Clinical
! colspan="18" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Paraclinical
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Gold standard diagnosis
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Other findings
|-
|-
! colspan="4" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Symptoms
|[[IMPROVE risk score calculator]]
! colspan="4" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Signs
|[[Widget:IMPROVEScore]]
! colspan="18" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Lab data
|-
|-
! colspan="3" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |ABG
|[[IMPROVEDD risk score calculator]]
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |CBC
|[[Widget:IMPROVEDDScore]]
! colspan="8" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Chemistry
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Renal
! colspan="3" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |U/A
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |↑ acid <br>production
|[[Caprini score calculator]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Loss of <br>bicarbonate
|[[Widget:CapCal]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |↓ renal acid <br>excretion
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Fever
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |N/V
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Diarrhea
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dyspnea
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Toxic/ill
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |BP
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dehydration
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |LOC
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |paCO<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |O<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |WBC
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Hb
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |BS
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Cl<sup>−</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |K<sup>+</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Na<sup>+</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Ketones
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Lactic acid
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Serum AG<ref>Brubaker RH, Meseeha M. High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis. [Updated 2017 Oct 9]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2018 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448090/</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Osmolar gap<ref name="pmid217949663">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kraut JA, Xing SX |title=Approach to the evaluation of a patient with an increased serum osmolal gap and high-anion-gap metabolic acidosis |journal=Am. J. Kidney Dis. |volume=58 |issue=3 |pages=480–4 |date=September 2011 |pmid=21794966 |doi=10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.05.018 |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Bun
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Cr
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine pH
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine AG
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine ketone
|-
|-
! rowspan="10" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Toxin/Medication<ref name="PhamXu2015">{{cite journal|last1=Pham|first1=Amy Quynh Trang|last2=Xu|first2=Li Hao Richie|last3=Moe|first3=Orson W.|title=Drug-Induced Metabolic Acidosis|journal=F1000Research|year=2015|issn=2046-1402|doi=10.12688/f1000research.7006.1}}</ref>
|[[Wells score calculator for DVT]]
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Alcohol<ref name="pmid15902789">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zehtabchi S, Sinert R, Baron BJ, Paladino L, Yadav K |title=Does ethanol explain the acidosis commonly seen in ethanol-intoxicated patients? |journal=Clin Toxicol (Phila) |volume=43 |issue=3 |pages=161–6 |date=2005 |pmid=15902789 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="RobertsYates2015">{{cite journal|last1=Roberts|first1=Darren M.|last2=Yates|first2=Christopher|last3=Megarbane|first3=Bruno|last4=Winchester|first4=James F.|last5=Maclaren|first5=Robert|last6=Gosselin|first6=Sophie|last7=Nolin|first7=Thomas D.|last8=Lavergne|first8=Valéry|last9=Hoffman|first9=Robert S.|last10=Ghannoum|first10=Marc|title=Recommendations for the Role of Extracorporeal Treatments in the Management of Acute Methanol Poisoning|journal=Critical Care Medicine|volume=43|issue=2|year=2015|pages=461–472|issn=0090-3493|doi=10.1097/CCM.0000000000000708}}</ref>
|[[Widget:DVT Wells score calculator]]
! align="left" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |
* Methanol
* Ethylene glycol
* Propylene glycol
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓ ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Positive oxalate crystals in urine
|-
|-
! align="left" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |
|[[Modified Wells score calculator for DVT]]
* Isopropyl alcohol<ref>Ashurst JV, Nappe TM. Toxicity, Isopropanol. [Updated 2018 Mar 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2018 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493181/</ref>
|[[Widget:DVT Modified Wells score calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Toluene<ref name="Camara-LemarroyRodríguez-Gutiérrez2015">{{cite journal|last1=Camara-Lemarroy|first1=Carlos Rodrigo|last2=Rodríguez-Gutiérrez|first2=René|last3=Monreal-Robles|first3=Roberto|last4=González-González|first4=José Gerardo|title=Acute toluene intoxication–clinical presentation, management and prognosis: a prospective observational study|journal=BMC Emergency Medicine|volume=15|issue=1|year=2015|issn=1471-227X|doi=10.1186/s12873-015-0039-0}}</ref>
|[[Pulmonary embolism Wells score calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
|[[widget:PE_calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Most widely abused inhaled drugs
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Salicylates<ref name="WrightSop2015">{{cite journal|last1=Wright|first1=Dallas|last2=Sop|first2=Jessica|title=Normal anion gap salicylate poisoning|journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine|volume=33|issue=11|year=2015|pages=1714.e3–1714.e4|issn=07356757|doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2015.03.042}}</ref>
|[[Pulmonary embolism modified Wells score calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
|[[Widget:PE Modified Wells score calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical and elevated serum salicylate
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Paradoxical alkalosis
* Elevated serum salicylate
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Metformin<ref name="GalieroConsani2018">{{cite journal|last1=Galiero|first1=Francesca|last2=Consani|first2=Giovanni|last3=Biancofiore|first3=Gianni|last4=Ruschi|first4=Stefano|last5=Forfori|first5=Francesco|title=Metformin intoxication: Vasopressin's key role in the management of severe lactic acidosis|journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine|volume=36|issue=2|year=2018|pages=341.e5–341.e6|issn=07356757|doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2017.10.057}}</ref>
|[[AMUSE score calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
|[[Widget:AMUSE_score_calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Agitated
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Liver failure
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Isoniazid<ref name="pmid2304098">{{cite journal |vauthors=Watkins RC, Hambrick EL, Benjamin G, Chavda SN |title=Isoniazid toxicity presenting as seizures and metabolic acidosis |journal=J Natl Med Assoc |volume=82 |issue=1 |pages=57, 62, 64 |date=January 1990 |pmid=2304098 |pmc=2625939 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
|[[HAMILTON score calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
|[[Widget:HAMILTON_score_calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Agitated
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Seizure
* Ataxia
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Acetazolamide<ref name="TeppemaBalanos2007">{{cite journal|last1=Teppema|first1=Luc J.|last2=Balanos|first2=George M.|last3=Steinback|first3=Craig D.|last4=Brown|first4=Allison D.|last5=Foster|first5=Glen E.|last6=Duff|first6=Henry J.|last7=Leigh|first7=Richard|last8=Poulin|first8=Marc J.|title=Effects of Acetazolamide on Ventilatory, Cerebrovascular, and Pulmonary Vascular Responses to Hypoxia|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=175|issue=3|year=2007|pages=277–281|issn=1073-449X|doi=10.1164/rccm.200608-1199OC}}</ref>
|[[Geneva score calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
|[[Widget:Geneva_score_calculator]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | −
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl to ↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl or ↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Nl
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Clinical
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Amphotericin B<ref name="BatesSu2001">{{cite journal|last1=Bates|first1=D. W.|last2=Su|first2=L.|last3=Yu|first3=D. T.|last4=Chertow|first4=G. M.|last5=Seger|first5=D. L.|last6=Gomes|first6=D. R. J.|last7=Dasbach|first7=E. J.|last8=Platt|first8=R.|title=Mortality and Costs of Acute Renal Failure Associated with Amphotericin B Therapy|journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases|volume=32|issue=5|year=2001|pages=686–693|issn=1058-4838|doi=10.1086/319211}}</ref>
|[[Revised Geneva score calculator]]
| −
|[[Widget:Revised_Geneva_score_calculator]]
| −
| +
| −
| +
| +
| −
| +
|↓
| +
|↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl to ↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|↓
| −
| −
|Clinical
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |CO<ref name="pmid10333448">{{cite journal |vauthors=Piantadosi CA |title=Diagnosis and treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning |journal=Respir Care Clin N Am |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=183–202 |date=June 1999 |pmid=10333448 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
|[[Simplified Geneva Score calculator]]
| +
|[[Widget:Simplified_Geneva_score_calculator]]
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|−
|±
| −
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|Nl
| −
|↓↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl to ↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↓
|−
|−
|Clinical
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Cyanide<ref name="pmid12352039">{{cite journal |vauthors=Baud FJ, Borron SW, Mégarbane B, Trout H, Lapostolle F, Vicaut E, Debray M, Bismuth C |title=Value of lactic acidosis in the assessment of the severity of acute cyanide poisoning |journal=Crit. Care Med. |volume=30 |issue=9 |pages=2044–50 |date=September 2002 |pmid=12352039 |doi=10.1097/01.CCM.0000026325.65944.7D |url=}}</ref>
|[[TIMI Risk Score for Unstable Angina or NSTEMI]]
| +
|[[Widget:TIMI_UA_NSTEMI]]
|−
|−
| −
| +
|−
|−
| +
|↓
|±
|↓↓
|↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl to ↑
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|Nl
|Nl or ↑
|Nl
|↓
|−
|−
|Blood cyanide concentration
|
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Category
|[[TIMI Risk Score for STEMI]]
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Disease
|[[Widget:TIMI_STEMI]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |↑ acid <br>production
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Loss of <br>bicarbonate
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |↓ renal acid <br>excretion
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Fever
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |N/V
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Diarrhea
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dyspnea
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Toxic/ill
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |BP
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dehydration
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |LOC
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |paCO<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |O<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |WBC
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Hb
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |BS
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Cl<sup>−</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |K<sup>+</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Na<sup>+</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Ketones
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Lactic acid
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Serum AG
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Osmolar gap
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Bun
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Cr
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine pH
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine AG
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine ketone
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Gold standard diagnosis
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Other findings
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Ketoacidosis
|[[Tygerberg score]]
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Diabetic<ref name="WolfsdorfAllgrove2014">{{cite journal|last1=Wolfsdorf|first1=Joseph I|last2=Allgrove|first2=Jeremy|last3=Craig|first3=Maria E|last4=Edge|first4=Julie|last5=Glaser|first5=Nicole|last6=Jain|first6=Vandana|last7=Lee|first7=Warren WR|last8=Mungai|first8=Lucy NW|last9=Rosenbloom|first9=Arlan L|last10=Sperling|first10=Mark A|last11=Hanas|first11=Ragnar|title=Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state|journal=Pediatric Diabetes|volume=15|issue=S20|year=2014|pages=154–179|issn=1399543X|doi=10.1111/pedi.12165}}</ref>
|[[widget:Tygerberg_score]]
| +
| −
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|↓
| +
|↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl to ↓
|↑
|Nl to ↑
|↑↑
|Nl
|↓
|↓
|↑
|↑
|↑
|↑
|Nl to ↑
|Nl
|↓
| +
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|Clinical + hyperglycemia + ketosis
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Starvation<ref name="pmid27752032">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mostert M, Bonavia A |title=Starvation Ketoacidosis as a Cause of Unexplained Metabolic Acidosis in the Perioperative Period |journal=Am J Case Rep |volume=17 |issue= |pages=755–758 |date=October 2016 |pmid=27752032 |pmc=5070574 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
|[[CHA2DS2-VASc Score]]
| +
|[[Widget:CHA2DS2VASc]]
| −
| −
| −
| +
| −
| −
| +
|↓
| +
|↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl to ↓
|Nl
|↓
|↓
|↑
|Nl
|↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
| +
| −
|Clinical
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Alcoholic (Ethanol)<ref name="pmid28613672">{{cite journal |vauthors=Howard RD, Bokhari SRA |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=28613672 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
|[[CHADS2 score]]
| +
|[[Widget:CHADS2score]]
|−
|−
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|±
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|↓ ↑
| +
|Agitated
|↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl to ↑
|Nl to ↑
|↓ Nl ↑
|Nl
|↓
|↓
|↑↑
|↑
|↑
|↑↑
|↑
|Nl
|↓
| +
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|Clinical + ketosis
|
* Chronic alcohol abuse
* Zero or low alcohol level
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Systemic
|[[HAS-BLED score]]
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Sepsis<ref name="pmid28149822">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ganesh K, Sharma RN, Varghese J, Pillai MG |title=A profile of metabolic acidosis in patients with sepsis in an Intensive Care Unit setting |journal=Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=178–181 |date=2016 |pmid=28149822 |pmc=5225760 |doi=10.4103/2229-5151.195417 |url=}}</ref>
|[[Widget:HASBLEDscore]]
| +
| −
|−
| +
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|↓ ↑
| +
|↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl to ↓
|↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↓
|Nl
|Nl to ↑
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|Nl
| −
|−
|Clinical and lab finding
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Ischemia<ref name="KimmounNovy2015">{{cite journal|last1=Kimmoun|first1=Antoine|last2=Novy|first2=Emmanuel|last3=Auchet|first3=Thomas|last4=Ducrocq|first4=Nicolas|last5=Levy|first5=Bruno|title=Hemodynamic consequences of severe lactic acidosis in shock states: from bench to bedside|journal=Critical Care|volume=19|issue=1|year=2015|issn=1364-8535|doi=10.1186/s13054-015-0896-7}}</ref>
|[[The GRACE risk score]]
| +
|[[Widget:GRACEscore]]
| −
|−
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|↓
| +
| −
|↓
|↓ ↑
|Nl to ↓
|Nl to ↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↓
|Nl
|Nl to ↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl to ↑
|Nl to ↑
|Nl
| −
|−
|Clinical and lab finding
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Lactic acidosis<ref name="KrautIngelfinger2014">{{cite journal|last1=Kraut|first1=Jeffrey A.|last2=Ingelfinger|first2=Julie R.|last3=Madias|first3=Nicolaos E.|title=Lactic Acidosis|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=371|issue=24|year=2014|pages=2309–2319|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1309483}}</ref>
| +
| −
| −
|±
| +
| −
| −
| +
|↓ ↑
|±
|Agitated
|↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl to ↑
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|↑
|Nl or ↑
|Nl
|↓
| −
| −
|Clinical and lab finding
|
|
|-
| rowspan="5" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Renal
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Uremia<ref name="BrownMelamed2018">{{cite journal|last1=Brown|first1=Denver|last2=Melamed|first2=Michal L.|title=New Frontiers in Treating Uremic Metabolic Acidosis|journal=Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology|volume=13|issue=1|year=2018|pages=4–5|issn=1555-9041|doi=10.2215/CJN.11771017}}</ref>
| −
| −
| +
| +
| +
| −
| −
| +
|↓ ↑
|±
|↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl to ↓
|↑
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|↑
|↑
|↓
| +
| −
|Clinical and lab finding
|
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Renal failure<ref name="KrautMadias2016">{{cite journal|last1=Kraut|first1=Jeffrey A.|last2=Madias|first2=Nicolaos E.|title=Metabolic Acidosis of CKD: An Update|journal=American Journal of Kidney Diseases|volume=67|issue=2|year=2016|pages=307–317|issn=02726386|doi=10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.08.028}}</ref>
|[[Ranson criteria]]
| −
[[Acute pancreatitis diagnostic criteria]]
| −
|[[Widget:RansonScore]]
| +
| −
| +
| −
| −
| +
|↓
| +
|↓
|↓
|↓
|Nl to ↓
|↑
|↓
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|↑
|↑
|↓
| -
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Renal tubular acidosis<ref name="Gil-PeñaMejía2014">{{cite journal|last1=Gil-Peña|first1=Helena|last2=Mejía|first2=Natalia|last3=Santos|first3=Fernando|title=Renal Tubular Acidosis|journal=The Journal of Pediatrics|volume=164|issue=4|year=2014|pages=691–698.e1|issn=00223476|doi=10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.10.085}}</ref>
|[[Apgar score]]
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Type I<ref name="Hemstreet2004">{{cite journal|last1=Hemstreet|first1=Brian A|title=Antimicrobial-Associated Renal Tubular Acidosis|journal=Annals of Pharmacotherapy|volume=38|issue=6|year=2004|pages=1031–1038|issn=1060-0280|doi=10.1345/aph.1D573}}</ref>
|[[Widget:Apgarscore]]
| −
| −
| +
|±
|±
| −
| −
| −
|↓ ↑
| −
| −
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|↑
| +
| −
|Clinical and lab finding
|
* Associated with autoimmune diseases
* Growth retardation in children
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Type II
|[[Glasgow coma scale]]
| −
|[[Widget:Adult_GCS]]
| +
| −
|±
|±
| −
| −
| −
|↓ ↑
| −
| −
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
| −
| −
|Clinical and lab finding
|
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Type IV
|[[Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale]]
| −
|[[Widget:PGCS]]
| −
| +
|±
|±
|±
| −
| −
|↓
| −
| −
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
| +
| −
|Clinical and lab finding
|
* Hypoaldosteronism
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Category
|[[Cincinnati stroke scale]]
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Disease
|[[Widget:Cincinnati_Stroke_Scale]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |↑ acid <br>production
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Loss of <br>bicarbonate
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |↓ renal acid <br>excretion
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Fever
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |N/V
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Diarrhea
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dyspnea
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Toxic/ill
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |BP
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dehydration
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |LOC
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |paCO<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |O<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |WBC
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Hb
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |BS
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Cl<sup>−</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |K<sup>+</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Na<sup>+</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Ketones
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Lactic acid
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Serum AG
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Osmolar gap
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Bun
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Cr
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine pH
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine AG
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine ketone
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Gold standard diagnosis
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Other findings
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Heart
|[[DIPSS Plus Score]]
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Heart failure<ref name="ParkChoi2015">{{cite journal|last1=Park|first1=Jin Joo|last2=Choi|first2=Dong-Ju|last3=Yoon|first3=Chang-Hwan|last4=Oh|first4=Il-Young|last5=Lee|first5=Ju Hyun|last6=Ahn|first6=Soyeon|last7=Yoo|first7=Byung-Su|last8=Kang|first8=Seok-Min|last9=Kim|first9=Jae-Joong|last10=Baek|first10=Sang-Hong|last11=Cho|first11=Myeong-Chan|last12=Jeon|first12=Eun-Seok|last13=Chae|first13=Shung Chull|last14=Ryu|first14=Kyu-Hyung|last15=Oh|first15=Byung-Hee|title=The prognostic value of arterial blood gas analysis in high-risk acute heart failure patients: an analysis of the Korean Heart Failure (KorHF) registry|journal=European Journal of Heart Failure|volume=17|issue=6|year=2015|pages=601–611|issn=13889842|doi=10.1002/ejhf.276}}</ref>
|[[Widget:DIPSS_Plus_Score]]
| +
| +
| −
| −
|±
| −
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|↓ ↑
| +
|−
|↓
|↓ ↑
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl to ↑
|Nl to ↑
|Nl
| −
|−
|Clinical + echocardiogram
|
* Hypoalbuminemia
* Elevated serum natriuretic peptide
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |MI<ref name="MannBajulaiye2014">{{cite journal|last1=Mann|first1=Sarah|last2=Bajulaiye|first2=Akinyemi|last3=Sturgeon|first3=Kathleen|last4=Sabri|first4=Abdelkarim|last5=Muthukumaran|first5=Geetha|last6=Libonati|first6=Joseph R.|title=Effects of acute angiotensin II on ischemia reperfusion injury following myocardial infarction|journal=Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System|volume=16|issue=1|year=2014|pages=13–22|issn=1470-3203|doi=10.1177/1470320314554963}}</ref>
| colspan="2" |[[ICU scoring systems]]
| +
| −
|−
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|−
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|↓ ↑
| −
|↓
|↓
|↓ ↑
|Nl to ↓
|Nl to ↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|↓
|Nl
|↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl to ↑
|Nl to ↑
|Nl
| −
|−
|Clinical + ECG
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |GI
|[[APACHE II]]
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Diarrhea<ref name="GuerrantVan Gilder2001">{{cite journal|last1=Guerrant|first1=R. L.|last2=Van Gilder|first2=T.|last3=Steiner|first3=T. S.|last4=Thielman|first4=N. M.|last5=Slutsker|first5=L.|last6=Tauxe|first6=R. V.|last7=Hennessy|first7=T.|last8=Griffin|first8=P. M.|last9=DuPont|first9=H.|last10=Bradley Sack|first10=R.|last11=Tarr|first11=P.|last12=Neill|first12=M.|last13=Nachamkin|first13=I.|last14=Reller|first14=L. B.|last15=Osterholm|first15=M. T.|last16=Bennish|first16=M. L.|last17=Pickering|first17=L. K.|title=Practice Guidelines for the Management of Infectious Diarrhea|journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases|volume=32|issue=3|year=2001|pages=331–351|issn=1058-4838|doi=10.1086/318514}}</ref>
|[[Widget:APACHEII]]
| −
| +
| −
|±
| +
| +
|−
| +
|↓
| +
|−
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|↓
|↓
|↑
|↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↑
|Nl
|Nl
|−
|−
|Stool exam
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Hyperalimentation<ref name="ErlingssonHerard2009">{{cite journal|last1=Erlingsson|first1=Styrbjörn|last2=Herard|first2=Sebastian|last3=Dahlqvist Leinhard|first3=Olof|last4=Lindström|first4=Torbjörb|last5=Länne|first5=Toste|last6=Borga|first6=Magnus|last7=Nystrom|first7=Fredrik H.|title=Men develop more intraabdominal obesity and signs of the metabolic syndrome after hyperalimentation than women|journal=Metabolism|volume=58|issue=7|year=2009|pages=995–1001|issn=00260495|doi=10.1016/j.metabol.2009.02.028}}</ref>
|[[SAPS II]]
| +
|[[Widget:SAPSII]]
| +
|−
|−
|−
| +
|−
|−
|Nl
|−
|−
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|↓
|Nl
|↑
|↑
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|−
|−
|Clinical
|
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Liver failure<ref name="LangeBojunga2009">{{cite journal|last1=Lange|first1=Christian M.|last2=Bojunga|first2=Jörg|last3=Hofmann|first3=Wolf Peter|last4=Wunder|first4=Katrin|last5=Mihm|first5=Ulrike|last6=Zeuzem|first6=Stefan|last7=Sarrazin|first7=Christoph|title=Severe lactic acidosis during treatment of chronic hepatitis B with entecavir in patients with impaired liver function|journal=Hepatology|volume=50|issue=6|year=2009|pages=2001–2006|issn=02709139|doi=10.1002/hep.23346}}</ref>
|[[SAPS III]]
|−
|[[Widget:SAPSIII]]
| +
|−
|−
| +
| +
|−
| +
|↓
| +
|Confused
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|↓
|↓ ↑
|↑
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|−
|−
|Liver biopsy
|
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Endocrine
|[[PIM2]]
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Hyperparathyroidism<ref name="BilezikianPotts2002">{{cite journal|last1=Bilezikian|first1=John P.|last2=Potts|first2=John T.|last3=Fuleihan|first3=Ghada El-Hajj|last4=Kleerekoper|first4=Michael|last5=Neer|first5=Robert|last6=Peacock|first6=Munro|last7=Rastad|first7=Jonas|last8=Silverberg|first8=Shonni J.|last9=Udelsman|first9=Robert|last10=Wells|first10=Samuel A.|title=Summary Statement from a Workshop on Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Perspective for the 21st Century|journal=The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism|volume=87|issue=12|year=2002|pages=5353–5361|issn=0021-972X|doi=10.1210/jc.2002-021370}}</ref>
|−
| +
| +
|−
| +
|−
|−
| -
|Nl
| +
|Confused
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl to ↑
|Nl
|Nl
|−
|−
|PTH level
|
|
|}
==Table==
{|
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Complications
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Polymyositis
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dermatomyositis
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Addison's disease<ref name="TenNew2001">{{cite journal|last1=Ten|first1=Svetlana|last2=New|first2=Maria|last3=Maclaren|first3=Noel|title=Addison’s Disease 2001|journal=The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism|volume=86|issue=7|year=2001|pages=2909–2922|issn=0021-972X|doi=10.1210/jcem.86.7.7636}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Cancer|Malignancy]]
|−
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| +
*[[Lung]]
| -
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|−
*[[Lung]]
| +
| +
|−
| -
|↓
| +
|Irritable
|↓
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|↓
|Nl
|↑
|↓
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|Nl
|−
|−
|Hormone level
|
* Weakness
* Hyperpigmentation
* Adrenal Crisis
|-
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Category
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Disease
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |↑ acid <br>production
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Loss of <br>bicarbonate
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |↓ renal acid <br>excretion
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Fever
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |N/V
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Diarrhea
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dyspnea
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Toxic/ill
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |BP
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dehydration
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |LOC
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |paCO<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |O<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |WBC
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Hb
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |BS
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Cl<sup>−</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |K<sup>+</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Na<sup>+</sup>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Ketones
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Lactic acid
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Serum AG
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Osmolar gap
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Bun
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Cr
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine pH
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine AG
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Urine ketone
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Gold standard diagnosis
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Other findings
|}
|}
<br>
===Calculation of the Padua Prediction Score===
Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:


== Metabolic Alkalosis ==
{| style="border: 0; float: left; width: 45%; position: float; background: #104E8B; border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 0 0 0 0; padding: 5px 5px; font-weight: bold;"
'''''Differential diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis is as follow''''':<ref name="pmid10665945">{{cite journal |vauthors=Galla JH |title=Metabolic alkalosis |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=369–75 |date=February 2000 |pmid=10665945 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 120%;" | IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="4" |Category
! colspan="2" rowspan="4" |Disease
! colspan="5" rowspan="3" |Mechanism
! colspan="6" |Clinical
! colspan="14" |Paraclinical
! rowspan="4" |Gold standard diagnosis
! rowspan="4" |Other findings
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! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Symptoms
! style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Variable
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Signs
! style=" text-align: center; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Score
! colspan="9" |Lab data
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!
!
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Imaging
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! colspan="3" |ABG
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Active gastric or duodenal ulcer
!
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4.5
! colspan="4" |Chemistry
!
! colspan="3" |Renal function
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!Hydrogen loss
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Prior bleeding within the last 3 months
!Accumulation of base
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4
!Chloride depletion
!Mineralocorticoid excess
!Contraction alkalosis
!Fever
!Dyspnea
!Edema
!Toxic/ill
!BP
!Dehydration
!HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>
!paCO<sub>2</sub>
!O<sub>2</sub>
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!Cl<sup>−</sup>
!K<sup>+</sup>
!Na<sup>+</sup>
!Ca<sup>+</sup>
!Renin
!Bun
!Cr
!Urine Cl<sup>−</sup>
!US
!CT scan
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| rowspan="3" |Exogenous HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup> loads
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Thrombocytopenia (<50x10<sup>9</sup>/L)
|Acute alkali administration
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4
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|Milk−alkali syndrome
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age ≥ 85 years
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |3.5
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|Transfusion
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Liver failure (INR>1.5)
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5
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! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Severe kidney failure (GFR< 30 mL/min/m<sup>2</sup>)
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5
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| rowspan="5" |Drugs/Medication
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Admission to ICU or CCU
|Chloruretic diuretics
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5
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* Bumetanide
* Chlorothiazide
* Metolazone
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|Contraction alkalosis  
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|Penicillin
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Central venous catheter
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2
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|Licorice
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Rheumatic disease
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2
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|Laxative abuse
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|Antacids 
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* Aluminum hydroxide
* Sodium polystyrene sulfonate  
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| rowspan="8" |Gastrointestinal origin
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Active malignancy
|Vomiting
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2
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|Nasogastric tube suction
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age: 40-84 years
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1.5
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|Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Male
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1
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|Bulimia
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Moderate kidney failure (GFR: 30-59 mL/min/m<sup>2</sup>)
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1
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|Congenital chloridorrhea
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Result:
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|Pyloric stenosis
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Interpretation:
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<br style="clear:left" />
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===Calculation of the test Prediction Score===
|
Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:
|
 
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{| style="border: 0; float: left; width: 45%; position: float; background: #104E8B; border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 0 0 0 0; padding: 5px 5px; font-weight: bold;"
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 120%;" | IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
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|Villous adenoma
! style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Variable
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! style=" text-align: center; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Score
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|Gastrocystoplasty
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Gender
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Female
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| rowspan="9" |Renal origin
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Male
|HTN
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|Posthypercapnic state
! rowspan="4" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |0-70
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|Hypomagnesemia
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |71-80
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|Hypokalemia
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |81-90
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|Bartter's syndrome
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>90
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|Gitelman’s syndrome
! rowspan="5" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Hgb ('''g/dL)'''
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>17 '''g/dL'''
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|Renal artery stenosis
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |15.5-17 '''g/dL'''
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|Liddle syndrome
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |12.5-15.5 '''g/dL'''
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|Renal tumors
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |12.5-11 '''g/dL'''
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| rowspan="6" |Endocrine
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |<11 '''g/dL'''
|Cystic fibrosis 
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|Cushing's syndrome
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |CrCl (mL/min)
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| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |30-60 mL/min
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|↓
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|Nl
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| rowspan="2" |Hyperaldosteronism
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |15-30 mL/min
|Primary
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|↑
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|Nl
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|Secondary
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Albumin
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>3.5 g/dL
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|-
|-
|Hydroxylase deficiency
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |≤3.5 g/dL
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|-
|-
|Hypercalcemia/hypoparathyroidism
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |D-dimer
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |≥1 µg/mL
|
|
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| +
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|}
 
== Mixed Acid−Base Disorders ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Disorder
!Key features
!Examples
|-
|-
|Metabolic acidosis & respiratory alkalosis
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |<1 µg/mL
|
* High− or normal−AG metabolic acidosis
* Prevailing PaCO<sub>2</sub> below predicted value  
|
* Lactic acidosis
* Sepsis in ICU
|-
|-
|Metabolic acidosis & respiratory acidosis
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |ICU admission
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |
* High− or normal−AG metabolic acidosis
* Prevailing PaCO<sub>2</sub> above predicted value 
|
* Severe pneumonia
* Pulmonary edema  
|-
|-
|Metabolic alkalosis & respiratory alkalosis
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Acute stroke on hospitalization
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |
* PaCO<sub>2</sub> does not increase as predicted
* pH higher than expected
|
* Liver disease
* Diuretics
|-
|-
|Metabolic alkalosis & respiratory acidosis
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |History of VTE
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |
* PaCO<sub>2</sub> higher than predicted
* pH normal
|
* COPD on diuretics
|-
|-
|Metabolic acidosis & metabolic alkalosis
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Result:
|
* Only detectable with high−AG acidosis
* ∆AG >> ∆[HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>]
|
* Uremia with vomiting
|-
|-
|Metabolic acidosis & metabolic acidosis
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Interpretation:
|
* Mixed high−AG & normal−AG acidosis
* ∆[HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>] accounted for by combined change in ∆AG and ∆Cl<sup>−</sup>
|
* Diarrhea and lactic acidosis
* Toluene toxicity
* Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis
|}
|}
<br style="clear:left" />


==Related Chapters==
===Interpretation of the Padua Prediction Score===
* [[Acid-base homeostasis|Acid–base homeostasis]]
The interpretation of the score is as follows:
* [[Acid-base imbalance|Acid–base imbalance]]
* Score ≥ 4: High risk for VTE
* [[Arterial blood gas]]
* Score < 4: Low risk for VTE
* [[Metabolic acidosis]]
==References==
* [[Metabolic alkalosis]]
* [[Respiratory acidosis]]
* [[Respiratory alkalosis]]
* [[Anion gap]]
<references />
<references />

Latest revision as of 18:11, 14 January 2019


Sandbox: wdx

Xyz

Abc

  1. Sandbox:Preeti
  2. Lymphoma
  3. Breast lumps differential diagnosis
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  5. Leukemia
Category:Risk calculator
Deep vein thrombosis assessment of clinical probability and risk scores
Pulmonary embolism assessment of clinical probability and risk scores
Padua prediction score widget:PaduaVTEscore
IMPROVE risk score calculator Widget:IMPROVEScore
IMPROVEDD risk score calculator Widget:IMPROVEDDScore
Caprini score calculator Widget:CapCal
Wells score calculator for DVT Widget:DVT Wells score calculator
Modified Wells score calculator for DVT Widget:DVT Modified Wells score calculator
Pulmonary embolism Wells score calculator widget:PE_calculator
Pulmonary embolism modified Wells score calculator Widget:PE Modified Wells score calculator
AMUSE score calculator Widget:AMUSE_score_calculator
HAMILTON score calculator Widget:HAMILTON_score_calculator
Geneva score calculator Widget:Geneva_score_calculator
Revised Geneva score calculator Widget:Revised_Geneva_score_calculator
Simplified Geneva Score calculator Widget:Simplified_Geneva_score_calculator
TIMI Risk Score for Unstable Angina or NSTEMI Widget:TIMI_UA_NSTEMI
TIMI Risk Score for STEMI Widget:TIMI_STEMI
Tygerberg score widget:Tygerberg_score
CHA2DS2-VASc Score Widget:CHA2DS2VASc
CHADS2 score Widget:CHADS2score
HAS-BLED score Widget:HASBLEDscore
The GRACE risk score Widget:GRACEscore
Ranson criteria

Acute pancreatitis diagnostic criteria

Widget:RansonScore
Apgar score Widget:Apgarscore
Glasgow coma scale Widget:Adult_GCS
Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale Widget:PGCS
Cincinnati stroke scale Widget:Cincinnati_Stroke_Scale
DIPSS Plus Score Widget:DIPSS_Plus_Score
ICU scoring systems
APACHE II Widget:APACHEII
SAPS II Widget:SAPSII
SAPS III Widget:SAPSIII
PIM2

Table

Complications Polymyositis Dermatomyositis
Malignancy


Calculation of the Padua Prediction Score

Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:

IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
Variable Score
Active gastric or duodenal ulcer 4.5
Prior bleeding within the last 3 months 4
Thrombocytopenia (<50x109/L) 4
Age ≥ 85 years 3.5
Liver failure (INR>1.5) 2.5
Severe kidney failure (GFR< 30 mL/min/m2) 2.5
Admission to ICU or CCU 2.5
Central venous catheter 2
Rheumatic disease 2
Active malignancy 2
Age: 40-84 years 1.5
Male 1
Moderate kidney failure (GFR: 30-59 mL/min/m2) 1
Result:
Interpretation:


Calculation of the test Prediction Score

Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:

IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
Variable Score
Gender Female
Male
Age 0-70
71-80
81-90
>90
Hgb (g/dL) >17 g/dL
15.5-17 g/dL
12.5-15.5 g/dL
12.5-11 g/dL
<11 g/dL
CrCl (mL/min) 30-60 mL/min
15-30 mL/min
Albumin >3.5 g/dL
≤3.5 g/dL
D-dimer ≥1 µg/mL
<1 µg/mL
ICU admission
Acute stroke on hospitalization
History of VTE
Result:
Interpretation:


Interpretation of the Padua Prediction Score

The interpretation of the score is as follows:

  • Score ≥ 4: High risk for VTE
  • Score < 4: Low risk for VTE

References

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