Sandbox: sadaf: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
 
(351 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
==Acid Base Disorders==


== Blood Gas Analysis ==
[[Sandbox: wdx]]


{|
[[Xyz]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Blood gas analysis
 
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Vessel
[[Abc]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Range
# [[Sandbox:Preeti]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Interpretation
# [[Lymphoma]]
# [[Breast lumps differential diagnosis]]
# [[Neck masses differential diagnosis]]
# [[Leukemia]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Oxygen Partial Pressure (pO<sub>2</sub>)
| colspan="2" |[[:Category:Risk calculator]]
| rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
[[Category:Risk calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |80 to 100 mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<80  mmHg
| colspan="2" |[[Deep vein thrombosis assessment of clinical probability and risk scores]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Hypoxia
|-
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
| colspan="2" |[[Pulmonary embolism assessment of clinical probability and risk scores]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |35 to 40 mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Oxygen Saturation (SO<sub>2</sub>)
|[[Padua prediction score]]
| rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
|[[widget:PaduaVTEscore]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>95%
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<95%
|[[IMPROVE risk score calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Hypoxia
|[[Widget:IMPROVEScore]]
|-
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
|[[IMPROVEDD risk score calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |70 to 75%
|[[Widget:IMPROVEDDScore]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |pH
|[[Caprini score calculator]]
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
|[[Widget:CapCal]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<7.35
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Acidemia
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |7.35 to 7.45
|[[Wells score calculator for DVT]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|[[Widget:DVT Wells score calculator]]
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>7.45
|[[Modified Wells score calculator for DVT]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Alkalemia
|[[Widget:DVT Modified Wells score calculator]]
|-
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
|[[Pulmonary embolism Wells score calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |7.26 to 7.46
|[[widget:PE_calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure (pCO<sub>2</sub>)
|[[Pulmonary embolism modified Wells score calculator]]
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
|[[Widget:PE Modified Wells score calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<35 mmHg
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Low
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |35 to 45 mmHg
|[[AMUSE score calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|[[Widget:AMUSE_score_calculator]]
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>45 mmHg
|[[HAMILTON score calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |High
|[[Widget:HAMILTON_score_calculator]]
|-
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
|[[Geneva score calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |40 to 45 mmHg
|[[Widget:Geneva_score_calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Bicarbonate (HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>)
|[[Revised Geneva score calculator]]
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
|[[Widget:Revised_Geneva_score_calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<22 mmol/L
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Low
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |22 to 26 mmol/L
|[[Simplified Geneva Score calculator]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|[[Widget:Simplified_Geneva_score_calculator]]
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>26 mmol/L
|[[TIMI Risk Score for Unstable Angina or NSTEMI]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |High
|[[Widget:TIMI_UA_NSTEMI]]
|-
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
|[[TIMI Risk Score for STEMI]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |19 to 28 mmol/L
|[[Widget:TIMI_STEMI]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
|-
! rowspan="4" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Base Excess (BE)
|[[Tygerberg score]]
| rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Arterial
|[[widget:Tygerberg_score]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<−3.4
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Acidemia
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−3.4 to +2.3 mmol/L
|[[CHA2DS2-VASc Score]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|[[Widget:CHA2DS2VASc]]
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>2.3
|[[CHADS2 score]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Alkalemia
|[[Widget:CHADS2score]]
|-
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Venous
|[[HAS-BLED score]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |−2 to −5 mmol/L
|[[Widget:HASBLEDscore]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
|-
|-
! colspan="2" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Osmolar gap
|[[The GRACE risk score]]
(Osmolality – Osmolarity)
|[[Widget:GRACEscore]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>10
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Abnormal
|-
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |Anion gap
|
[Na<sup>+</sup>] – {[Cl<sup>−</sup>]+[HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>]}
|
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |<8
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Low
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |8 to 16
|[[Ranson criteria]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Normal
[[Acute pancreatitis diagnostic criteria]]
|[[Widget:RansonScore]]
|-
|-
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |>16
|[[Apgar score]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |High
|[[Widget:Apgarscore]]
|}
 
== Compensation ==
{|
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Primary disorder
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |pH
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |PaCO<sub>2</sub>
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |[HCO3<sup>-</sup>]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Compensation
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Compensation formula
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Metabolic acidosis]]
|[[Glasgow coma scale]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
|[[Widget:Adult_GCS]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Respiratory
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Expected paCO<sub>2</sub> = 1.5 x serum HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup> + 8 ± 2 ([[Winters' formula]])
* Expected paCO<sub>2</sub> = Serum HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup> + 15
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Metabolic alkalosis]]
|[[Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
|[[Widget:PGCS]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Respiratory
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
* Expected paCO<sub>2</sub> = 0.5 - 1 increase/ every 1 unit increase in serum HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup> from 24
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Respiratory acidosis]]
|[[Cincinnati stroke scale]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
|[[Widget:Cincinnati_Stroke_Scale]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|-
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Respiratory alkalosis]]
|[[DIPSS Plus Score]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↑
|[[Widget:DIPSS_Plus_Score]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |↓
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |Renal
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|}
 
==Approach to acid–base disorders==
{{familytree/start |summary=Sample 1}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | A01 |A01=Check [[pH]] on ABG}}
{{familytree | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.| | | }}
{{familytree | | | B01 | | | | | | | |B02| | |B01=pH < 7.35= '''[[Acidosis]]'''|B02=pH > 7.45= '''[[Alkalosis]]'''}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | C01 | | | | | | | | |!| |C01=Check PaCO<sub>2</sub>}}
{{familytree | |,|-|^|.| | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | D01 | | D02 | | | | | | D03 |D01=PaCO<sub>2</sub> > 45mm Hg = <br>'''[[Respiratory acidosis]]'''|D02=PaCO<sub>2</sub> Normal or < 35mm Hg = <br>'''[[Metabolic acidosis]]'''|D03=Check PaCO<sub>2</sub>}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|.| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |E02| | E03 | |E02=PaCO<sub>2</sub> > 45mm Hg = <br>'''[[Metabolic alkalosis]]'''|E03=PaCO<sub>2</sub> < 35mm Hg = <br>'''[[Respiratory alkalosis]]'''}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | | F01 | | | F02 |F01=[HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>] > 29|F02=Check [HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>]}}
{{Familytree | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| | }}
{{Familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |C01 | | | | C02 |C01= Normal or slight decrease = <br>'''Acute [[respiratory alkalosis]]'''| C02= Decreased < 24 = <br>'''Chronic [[respiratory alkalosis]]'''}}
{{familytree/end}}
 
==Management of Acidosis==
{{familytree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | A01 | | | | | |A01=[[pH]] < 7.35}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | B01 | | | | | |B01=[[Acidosis]]}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | B02 | | | | | |B02='''Determine the primary disorder'''<br> Metabolic or respiratory?}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | }}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | B03 | | | | | |B03=Check [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] and PaCO<sub>2</sub>}}
{{familytree | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| }}
{{familytree | | | C01 | | | | | | | | | | | |C02|C01=Low [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] <br>and<br> Low to normal PaCO<sub>2</sub>|C02= High PaCO<sub>2</sub> <br>and<br> High to normal [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] }}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | C03 | | | | | | | | | | | | C04 |C03=[[Metabolic acidosis]]|C04=[[Respiratory acidosis]]}}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | C05 | | | | | | | | | | | | C06 |C05='''Check for respiratory compensation'''<br><br>Calculate expected PCO<sub>2</sub>|C06='''Check for renal compensation'''<br><br> Calculate expected [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] }}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{familytree | | | |!| | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.|}}
{{familytree | | | D01 | | | | | | | | D02 | | | | | | D03 |D01=Decrease in PaCO<sub>2</sub>=1.25 x (24- measured HCO3<sup>-</sup>)?|D02='''Acute acidosis?'''<br><br>Increase [HCO3<sup>-</sup>]=0.1 x (measure PaCO<sub>2</sub>-40)?|D03='''Chronic acidosis?'''<br><br>Increase [HCO3<sup>-</sup>]=0.1 x (measure PaCO<sub>2</sub>-40)?}}
{{familytree | |,|-|+|-|.| | | | | |,|-|+|-|.| | | |,|-|+|-|.| | }}
{{familytree | E01 |!| E02 | | | | E03 |!| E04 | | E05 |!| E06 |E01=PaCO<sub>2</sub> too low?<br><br> '''Mixed metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosis'''|E02=PaCO<sub>2</sub> too high?<br><br> '''Mixed metabolic acidosis with respiratory acidosis'''|E03=[HCO3<sup>-</sup>] too low? <br><br> '''Mixed respiratory acidosis with metabolic acidosis'''|E04=[HCO3<sup>-</sup>] too high? <br><br> '''Mixed respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis'''|E05=[HCO3<sup>-</sup>] too low? <br><br> '''Mixed respiratory acidosis with metabolic acidosis'''|E06=E04=[HCO3<sup>-</sup>] too high? <br><br> '''Mixed respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis''' }}
{{familytree | |:| E07 |:| | | | | |:| E08 |:| | | |:| E09 |:|E07=Measured PaCO<sub>2</sub> is equal to expected value?<br><br> '''Compensated metabolic acidosis'''|E08=Measured [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] is equal to expected value? <br><br> '''Compensated respiratory acidosis'''|E09=Measured [HCO3<sup>-</sup>] is equal to expected value? <br><br> '''Compensated respiratory acidosis''' }}
{{familytree | |:| |:| |:| | | | | |:| |:| |:| | | |:| |:| |:| | }}
{{familytree | |L| F01 |J| | | | | |L|~|A|~|A| F02 |A|~|A|~|J| | F01=[[Metabolic acidosis resident survival guide|'''Click here for the management of metabolic acidosis''']]|F02=[[Respiratory acidosis resident survival guide|'''Click here for the management of respiratory acidosis''']] }}
{{familytree/end}}
 
==Metabolic Acidosis==
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="4" |Category
! colspan="2" rowspan="4" |Disease
! colspan="3" rowspan="3" |Mechanism
! colspan="9" |Clinical
! colspan="22" |Paraclinical
! rowspan="4" |Gold standard diagnosis
! rowspan="4" |Other findings
|-
|-
! colspan="5" rowspan="2" |Symptoms
| colspan="2" |[[ICU scoring systems]]
! colspan="4" rowspan="2" |Signs
! colspan="19" |Lab data
!
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Imaging
|-
|-
! colspan="4" |ABG
|[[APACHE II]]
! colspan="2" |CBC
|[[Widget:APACHEII]]
! colspan="3" |Electrolyte
! colspan="2" |Renal
! colspan="2" |LFT
! colspan="2" |Enzyme
!
!
! colspan="2" |U/A
!
|-
|-
!↑ acid <br>production
|[[SAPS II]]
!Loss of <br>bicarbonate
|[[Widget:SAPSII]]
!↓ renal acid <br>excretion
!Fever
!N/V
!Diarrhea
!Dyspnea
!Edema
!Toxic/ill/Shock
!BP
!Dehydration
!LOC
!pH
!HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>
!O<sub>2</sub>
!Serum AG
!WBC
!Hb
!Cl<sup>-</sup>
!K<sup>+</sup>
!Na<sup>+</sup>
!Bun
!Cr
!Bili
!Aminase
!CK
!Renin
!Ketones
!Lactic acid
!Urine pH
!Urine AG
!Urine ketone
!US
!CT scan
|-
|-
! rowspan="11" |Toxin/Medication
|[[SAPS III]]
|Alcohol
|[[Widget:SAPSIII]]
* Methanol
* Ethylene glycol
* Ethanol
* Isopropyl alcohol
* Propylene glycol
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Paraldehyde
|[[PIM2]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
==Table==
{|
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Complications
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Polymyositis
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dermatomyositis
|-
|-
|Toluene
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Cancer|Malignancy]]
|
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| +
*[[Lung]]
|
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
|
*[[Lung]]
|
|}
|
<br>
|
===Calculation of the Padua Prediction Score===
|
Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:
|
 
|
{| style="border: 0; float: left; width: 45%; position: float; background: #104E8B; border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 0 0 0 0; padding: 5px 5px; font-weight: bold;"
|
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 120%;" | IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl or ↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Pyroglutamic acid
! style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Variable
(5-oxoproline)
! style=" text-align: center; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Score
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Salicylates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓↑
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Metformin
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Active gastric or duodenal ulcer
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Isoniazid
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Prior bleeding within the last 3 months
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Acetazolamide
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Thrombocytopenia (<50x10<sup>9</sup>/L)
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Ammonium chloride
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age ≥ 85 years
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |3.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Amphotericin B
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Liver failure (INR>1.5)
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Cholestyramine
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Severe kidney failure (GFR< 30 mL/min/m<sup>2</sup>)
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Admission to ICU or CCU
|Lactic acidosis
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Ketoacidosis
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Central venous catheter
|Diabetic
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Starvation
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Rheumatic disease
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Alcoholic
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Active malignancy
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |Systemic
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age: 40-84 years
|Infection
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Ischemia
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Male
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="6" |Renal
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Moderate kidney failure (GFR: 30-59 mL/min/m<sup>2</sup>)
|Uremia
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Ureteral diversion
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Result:
|
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Renal failure
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Interpretation:
|
|
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |Renal tubular acidosis
|Type I
|
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Type II
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Type IV
|
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |GI
|Diarrhea
|
|
| +
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Hyperalimentation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Endocrine
|Addison's disease
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|Post hypocapnea
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}
<br style="clear:left" />


== Metabolic Alkalosis ==
===Calculation of the test Prediction Score===
{| class="wikitable"
Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:
! rowspan="4" |Category
 
! rowspan="4" |Disease
{| style="border: 0; float: left; width: 45%; position: float; background: #104E8B; border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 0 0 0 0; padding: 5px 5px; font-weight: bold;"
! colspan="3" rowspan="3" |Mechanism
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 120%;" | IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
! colspan="6" |Clinical
! colspan="9" |Paraclinical
! rowspan="4" |Gold standard diagnosis
! rowspan="4" |Other findings
|-
|-
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Symptoms
! style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Variable
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Signs
! style=" text-align: center; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Score
! colspan="7" |Lab data
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Imaging
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |ABG
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Gender
!U/A
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Female
! colspan="3" |Electrolytes
! rowspan="2" |Renin
|-
|-
!↑ acid <br>production
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Male
!Loss of <br>bicarbonate
!↓ renal acid <br>excretion
!Fever
!Dyspnea
!Edema
!Toxic/ill
!BP
!Dehydration
!pH
!Serum AG
!Urine Cl<sup>-</sup>
!Cl<sup>-</sup>
!K<sup>+</sup>
!Na<sup>+</sup>
!US
!CT scan
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |Exogenous HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup> loads
! rowspan="4" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age
|Acute alkali administration
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |0-70
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Milk-alkali syndrome
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |71-80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="5" |Gastrointestinal origin
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |81-90
|Vomiting
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| +
|
|
|↓
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Nasogastric tube suction
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>90
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| +
|
|
|↓
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Gastric aspiration
! rowspan="5" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Hgb ('''g/dL)'''
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>17 '''g/dL'''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Congenital chloridorrhea
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |15.5-17 '''g/dL'''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Villous adenoma
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |12.5-15.5 '''g/dL'''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| rowspan="10" |Renal origin
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |12.5-11 '''g/dL'''
|Diuretics
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| +
|
|
|↓
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Posthypercapnic state
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |<11 '''g/dL'''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Hypercalcemia/hypoparathyroidism
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |CrCl (mL/min)
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |30-60 mL/min
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Recovery from lactic acidosis or ketoacidosis
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |15-30 mL/min
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Nonreabsorbable anions including penicillin, carbenicillin
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Albumin
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>3.5 g/dL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Hypomagnesemia
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |≤3.5 g/dL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| -
|
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Hypokalemia
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |D-dimer
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |≥1 µg/mL
|
|
|
|
|
|
| -
|
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Bartter's syndrome
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |<1 µg/mL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| -
|
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Gitelman’s syndrome
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |ICU admission
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Renal artery stenosis
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Acute stroke on hospitalization
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|Cushing's syndrome
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|Hyperaldosteronism
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|↑
|
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|Licorice ingestion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| -
|
|
|
|Nl
|
|
|
|↓
|
|
|
|
|}
 
== Mixed Acid-Base Disorders ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Disorder
!Key features
!Examples
|-
|-
|Metabolic acidosis & respiratory alkalosis
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |History of VTE
|
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |
* High- or normal-AG metabolic acidosis
* Prevailing PaCO<sub>2</sub> below predicted value  
|
* Lactic acidosis
* Sepsis in ICU
|-
|-
|Metabolic acidosis & respiratory acidosis
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Result:
|
* High- or normal-AG metabolic acidosis
* Prevailing PaCO<sub>2</sub> above predicted value 
|
* Severe pneumonia
* Pulmonary edema  
|-
|-
|Metabolic alkalosis & respiratory alkalosis
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Interpretation:
|
* PaCO<sub>2</sub> does not increase as predicted
* pH higher than expected
|
* Liver disease
* Diuretics
|-
|Metabolic alkalosis & respiratory acidosis
|
* PaCO<sub>2</sub> higher than predicted
* pH normal
|
* COPD on diuretics
|-
|Metabolic acidosis & metabolic alkalosis
|
* Only detectable with high-AG acidosis
* ∆AG >> ∆[HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>]
|
* Uremia with vomiting
|-
|Metabolic acidosis & metabolic acidosis
|
* Mixed high-AG & normal-AG acidosis
* ∆[HCO<sub><big>3</big></sub><sup>−</sup>] accounted for by combined change in ∆AG and ∆Cl<sup>-</sup>
|
* Diarrhea and lactic acidosis
* Toluene toxicity
* Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis
|}
|}
<br style="clear:left" />


==Related Chapters==
===Interpretation of the Padua Prediction Score===
* [[Acid-base homeostasis|Acid–base homeostasis]]
The interpretation of the score is as follows:
* [[Acid-base imbalance|Acid–base imbalance]]
* Score ≥ 4: High risk for VTE
* [[Arterial blood gas]]
* Score < 4: Low risk for VTE
* [[Metabolic acidosis]]
==References==
* [[Metabolic alkalosis]]
<references />
* [[Respiratory acidosis]]
* [[Respiratory alkalosis]]
* [[Anion gap]]

Latest revision as of 18:11, 14 January 2019


Sandbox: wdx

Xyz

Abc

  1. Sandbox:Preeti
  2. Lymphoma
  3. Breast lumps differential diagnosis
  4. Neck masses differential diagnosis
  5. Leukemia
Category:Risk calculator
Deep vein thrombosis assessment of clinical probability and risk scores
Pulmonary embolism assessment of clinical probability and risk scores
Padua prediction score widget:PaduaVTEscore
IMPROVE risk score calculator Widget:IMPROVEScore
IMPROVEDD risk score calculator Widget:IMPROVEDDScore
Caprini score calculator Widget:CapCal
Wells score calculator for DVT Widget:DVT Wells score calculator
Modified Wells score calculator for DVT Widget:DVT Modified Wells score calculator
Pulmonary embolism Wells score calculator widget:PE_calculator
Pulmonary embolism modified Wells score calculator Widget:PE Modified Wells score calculator
AMUSE score calculator Widget:AMUSE_score_calculator
HAMILTON score calculator Widget:HAMILTON_score_calculator
Geneva score calculator Widget:Geneva_score_calculator
Revised Geneva score calculator Widget:Revised_Geneva_score_calculator
Simplified Geneva Score calculator Widget:Simplified_Geneva_score_calculator
TIMI Risk Score for Unstable Angina or NSTEMI Widget:TIMI_UA_NSTEMI
TIMI Risk Score for STEMI Widget:TIMI_STEMI
Tygerberg score widget:Tygerberg_score
CHA2DS2-VASc Score Widget:CHA2DS2VASc
CHADS2 score Widget:CHADS2score
HAS-BLED score Widget:HASBLEDscore
The GRACE risk score Widget:GRACEscore
Ranson criteria

Acute pancreatitis diagnostic criteria

Widget:RansonScore
Apgar score Widget:Apgarscore
Glasgow coma scale Widget:Adult_GCS
Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale Widget:PGCS
Cincinnati stroke scale Widget:Cincinnati_Stroke_Scale
DIPSS Plus Score Widget:DIPSS_Plus_Score
ICU scoring systems
APACHE II Widget:APACHEII
SAPS II Widget:SAPSII
SAPS III Widget:SAPSIII
PIM2

Table

Complications Polymyositis Dermatomyositis
Malignancy


Calculation of the Padua Prediction Score

Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:

IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
Variable Score
Active gastric or duodenal ulcer 4.5
Prior bleeding within the last 3 months 4
Thrombocytopenia (<50x109/L) 4
Age ≥ 85 years 3.5
Liver failure (INR>1.5) 2.5
Severe kidney failure (GFR< 30 mL/min/m2) 2.5
Admission to ICU or CCU 2.5
Central venous catheter 2
Rheumatic disease 2
Active malignancy 2
Age: 40-84 years 1.5
Male 1
Moderate kidney failure (GFR: 30-59 mL/min/m2) 1
Result:
Interpretation:


Calculation of the test Prediction Score

Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:

IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
Variable Score
Gender Female
Male
Age 0-70
71-80
81-90
>90
Hgb (g/dL) >17 g/dL
15.5-17 g/dL
12.5-15.5 g/dL
12.5-11 g/dL
<11 g/dL
CrCl (mL/min) 30-60 mL/min
15-30 mL/min
Albumin >3.5 g/dL
≤3.5 g/dL
D-dimer ≥1 µg/mL
<1 µg/mL
ICU admission
Acute stroke on hospitalization
History of VTE
Result:
Interpretation:


Interpretation of the Padua Prediction Score

The interpretation of the score is as follows:

  • Score ≥ 4: High risk for VTE
  • Score < 4: Low risk for VTE

References

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Sandbox:_sadaf&oldid=1535608"