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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Malabsorption}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SSH}}


==Overview==
[[Sandbox: wdx]]


==Classification==
[[Xyz]]
==Pathophysiology==
* Interstitial lung disease is a group of disorders that involve pulmonary parenchyma.
* The exact pathogenesis of these disorders are not fully understood.
* There are multiple initiating factors that cause pulmonary injury. However, immunopathogenic responses of lung tissue are quite similar.
* There are two major histopathologic patterns in response to lung injury which include:
** Inflammation and fibrosis pattern
** Granulomatous pattern
 
==Differentiating Interstitial Lung Disease from other Diseases==
'''''To review the complete differential diagnosis of dyspnea, click here.'''''
 
'''''To review the complete differential diagnosis of hemoptysis, click here.'''''
 
'''''To review the complete differential diagnosis of restrictive lung disease, click here.'''''
 
'''Abbreviations''': '''ABG''': Arterial blood gas, '''BAL''': Bronchoalveolar lavage, '''ESR''': Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, '''CRP''': C–reactive protein, '''FVC''': Forced vital capacity, '''RV''': Residual volume, '''FEV1''': Forced expiratory volume during the 1st second, '''DLCO''': Diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide, '''O2''': Oxygen, '''TLC''': Total lung capacity, '''PaO2''': Arterial partial pressure of oxygen, '''FiO2''': Fraction of inspired oxygen, '''LDH''': Lactate dehydrogenase, '''CEA''': Carcinoembryonic antigen, '''Anti-GBM antibody''': Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody, '''A−a gradient''': Alveolar-arterial gradient, '''PAS''': Periodic acid-Schiff stain, '''LAM''': Lymphangiomyomatosis, '''IgE''': Immunoglobulin E, '''ANCA''': Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, '''RBC''': Red blood cell, '''ACE''': Angiotensin-converting enzyme
<small><small>


[[Abc]]
# [[Sandbox:Preeti]]
# [[Lymphoma]]
# [[Breast lumps differential diagnosis]]
# [[Neck masses differential diagnosis]]
# [[Leukemia]]
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Disease
|+
! colspan="15" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Clinical manifestation
! colspan="6" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Investigations
|-
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |History
| colspan="2" |[[:Category:Risk calculator]]
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Symptoms
[[Category:Risk calculator]]
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Physical examination
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Lab findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Imaging
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Pulmonary function test
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bronchoscopy and BAL
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard
|-
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| colspan="2" |[[Deep vein thrombosis assessment of clinical probability and risk scores]]
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Age
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gender
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Family history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Smoking history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Environmental exposure
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HIV
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Dyspnea
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cough
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Wheezing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chest pain
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Tachypnea  
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Auscultation
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cyanosis
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Clubbing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Spirometry
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ABG
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis<ref name="PolettiRavaglia2013">{{cite journal|last1=Poletti|first1=Venerino|last2=Ravaglia|first2=Claudia|last3=Buccioli|first3=Matteo|last4=Tantalocco|first4=Paola|last5=Piciucchi|first5=Sara|last6=Dubini|first6=Alessandra|last7=Carloni|first7=Angelo|last8=Chilosi|first8=Marco|last9=Tomassetti|first9=Sara|title=Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Diagnosis and Prognostic Evaluation|journal=Respiration|volume=86|issue=1|year=2013|pages=5–12|issn=1423-0356|doi=10.1159/000353580}}</ref>
| colspan="2" |[[Pulmonary embolism assessment of clinical probability and risk scores]]
| align="center" |Chronic
|-
| align="center" |60−70 years old
|[[Padua prediction score]]
| align="center" |Men
|[[widget:PaduaVTEscore]]
| align="center" | +
|-
| align="center" | +
|[[IMPROVE risk score calculator]]
| align="center" |±
|[[Widget:IMPROVEScore]]
| align="center" | −
|-
| align="center" | +
|[[IMPROVEDD risk score calculator]]
| align="center" |Dry
|[[Widget:IMPROVEDDScore]]
| align="center" | +
|-
| align="center" | +
|[[Caprini score calculator]]
| align="center" | +
|[[Widget:CapCal]]
|
|-
* Inspiratory high−pitched [[rhonchi]]
|[[Wells score calculator for DVT]]
* Bibasilar inspiratory [[Rales|crackles]]
|[[Widget:DVT Wells score calculator]]
| align="center" | −
|-
| align="center" | +
|[[Modified Wells score calculator for DVT]]
|
|[[Widget:DVT Modified Wells score calculator]]
* [[Anti-nuclear antibody|Antinuclear antibody]] +
* [[Rheumatoid factor]] +
* Elevated [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|ESR]]
* Elevated [[C-reactive protein|CRP]]
* [[Polycythemia]]
|
* Bibasilar, peripheral reticular abnormalities
* Focal honeycomb cyst formation
* Traction [[bronchiectasis]]
|
* ↓ [[Vital capacity|FVC]]
 
* ↑ [[Residual volume|RV]]
* Normal [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
* ↓ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* Not required
* ↑ [[Neutrophil|Neutrophils]] 
* ↑ [[Eosinophil granulocyte|Eosinophils]] 
|
* Diagnosis of exclusion 
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" s |Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia<ref name="TravisHunninghake2008">{{cite journal|last1=Travis|first1=William D.|last2=Hunninghake|first2=Gary|last3=King|first3=Talmadge E.|last4=Lynch|first4=David A.|last5=Colby|first5=Thomas V.|last6=Galvin|first6=Jeffrey R.|last7=Brown|first7=Kevin K.|last8=Chung|first8=Man Pyo|last9=Cordier|first9=Jean-François|last10=du Bois|first10=Roland M.|last11=Flaherty|first11=Kevin R.|last12=Franks|first12=Teri J.|last13=Hansell|first13=David M.|last14=Hartman|first14=Thomas E.|last15=Kazerooni|first15=Ella A.|last16=Kim|first16=Dong Soon|last17=Kitaichi|first17=Masanori|last18=Koyama|first18=Takashi|last19=Martinez|first19=Fernando J.|last20=Nagai|first20=Sonoko|last21=Midthun|first21=David E.|last22=Müller|first22=Nestor L.|last23=Nicholson|first23=Andrew G.|last24=Raghu|first24=Ganesh|last25=Selman|first25=Moisés|last26=Wells|first26=Athol|title=Idiopathic Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia|journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=177|issue=12|year=2008|pages=1338–1347|issn=1073-449X|doi=10.1164/rccm.200611-1685OC}}</ref>
|[[Pulmonary embolism Wells score calculator]]
| align="center" |Acute/Chronic
|[[widget:PE_calculator]]
| align="center" |50−60 years old
| align="center" |Female
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
|
* Bibasilar [[Rales|crackles]]
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |±
|
* Normal
|
* Bilateral ground−glass opacities 
* Fine reticular infiltrates
* Traction [[bronchiectasis]]
* [[Consolidation (medicine)|Consolidation]]
|
* Normal to ↑ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
* ↓ [[Vital capacity|FVC]] 
* ↓ [[Total lung capacity|TLC]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* Nonspecific
|
* Lung [[biopsy]] and multidisciplinary approach
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Cryptogenic organising pneumonia<ref name="MehrianDoroudinia2017">{{cite journal|last1=Mehrian|first1=P.|last2=Doroudinia|first2=A.|last3=Rashti|first3=A.|last4=Aloosh|first4=O.|last5=Dorudinia|first5=A.|title=High-resolution computed tomography findings in chronic eosinophilic vs. cryptogenic organising pneumonia|journal=The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease|volume=21|issue=11|year=2017|pages=1181–1186|issn=1027-3719|doi=10.5588/ijtld.16.0723}}</ref>
|[[Pulmonary embolism modified Wells score calculator]]
| align="center" |Acute/subacute
|[[Widget:PE Modified Wells score calculator]]
| align="center" |50−60 years old
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |±
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |Dry
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
* Inspiratory [[Rales|crackles]]
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |−
|
* [[Leukocytosis]]
 
* Elevated [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|ESR]]
* Elevated [[C-reactive protein|CRP]]
|
* [[Alveolus|Alveolar]] filling and air bronchograms
* Bilateral ground−glass opacities 
* Bilateral [[Consolidation (medicine)|consolidation]]
|
* ↓ [[Vital capacity|FVC]]
 
* Normal [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
* ↓ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* ↑ [[Lymphocyte|Lymphocytes]]
 
* ↑ [[Neutrophil|Neutrophils]] 
* ↑ [[Eosinophil granulocyte|Eosinophils]] 
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Disease
|[[AMUSE score calculator]]
! colspan="7" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |History
|[[Widget:AMUSE_score_calculator]]
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Symptoms
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Physical examination
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Lab findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Imaging
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Pulmonary function test
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bronchoscopy and BAL
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard
|-
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
|[[HAMILTON score calculator]]
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Age
|[[Widget:HAMILTON_score_calculator]]
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gender
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Family history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Smoking history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Environmental exposure
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HIV
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Dyspnea
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cough
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Wheezing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chest pain
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Tachypnea  
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Auscultation
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cyanosis
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Clubbing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Spirometry
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ABG
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Acute interstitial pneumonia (Hamman−Rich syndrome)<ref name="ParambilMukhopadhyay2012">{{cite journal|last1=Parambil|first1=Joseph|last2=Mukhopadhyay|first2=Sanjay|title=Acute Interstitial Pneumonia (AIP): Relationship to Hamman-Rich Syndrome, Diffuse Alveolar Damage (DAD), and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)|journal=Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine|volume=33|issue=05|year=2012|pages=476–485|issn=1069-3424|doi=10.1055/s-0032-1325158}}</ref>
|[[Geneva score calculator]]
| align="center" |Acute
|[[Widget:Geneva_score_calculator]]
| align="center" |50−60 years old
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
|
* Diffuse [[Rales|crackles]]
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
|
* [[Leukocytosis]] 
|
* Bilateral and symmetric, diffuse ground glass
* [[Alveolus|Alveolar]] consolidation opacities
* Traction [[bronchiectasis]]
* Honeycomb [[fibrosis]] 
|
* N/A
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
* [[Pulmonary gas pressures|PaO2]]/[[FiO2]] <200 mmHg
|
* Nonspecific
* ↑ [[Neutrophil|Neutrophils]] 
* ↑ Atypical [[Epithelium|epithelial cells]]
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia<ref name="PanchabhaiFarver2016">{{cite journal|last1=Panchabhai|first1=Tanmay S.|last2=Farver|first2=Carol|last3=Highland|first3=Kristin B.|title=Lymphocytic Interstitial Pneumonia|journal=Clinics in Chest Medicine|volume=37|issue=3|year=2016|pages=463–474|issn=02725231|doi=10.1016/j.ccm.2016.04.009}}</ref>
|[[Revised Geneva score calculator]]
| align="center" |Subacute
|[[Widget:Revised_Geneva_score_calculator]]
| align="center" |30−40 years old
| align="center" |Female
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | −
|
* Diffuse [[Rales|crackles]]
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | +
|
* [[Gammopathy]]
|
* Diffuse ground glass attenuation with [[fibrosis]]
* Centrilobular and subpleural [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]]
* Lung [[Cyst|cysts]]
|
* ↓ [[Vital capacity|FVC]]
* ↓ [[Total lung capacity|TLC]]
* ↓ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* Nonspecific
* ↑ Total [[Bronchoalveolar lavage|BAL]] cell count
* [[Bronchoalveolar lavage|BAL]] [[lymphocytosis]]
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Respiratory bronchiolitis−interstitial lung disease<ref name="SieminskaKuziemski2014">{{cite journal|last1=Sieminska|first1=Alicja|last2=Kuziemski|first2=Krzysztof|title=Respiratory bronchiolitis-interstitial lung disease|journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases|volume=9|issue=1|year=2014|issn=1750-1172|doi=10.1186/s13023-014-0106-8}}</ref>
|[[Simplified Geneva Score calculator]]
| align="center" |Subacute
|[[Widget:Simplified_Geneva_score_calculator]]
| align="center" |30−40 years old
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |Dry
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
|
* Inspiratory high−pitched [[rhonchi]]
* Fine, bibasilar end−inspiratory [[Rales|crackles]]
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
* Nonspecific 
|
* Diffuse or patchy ground glass opacities in a mosaic pattern 
* Fine [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]] 
* Air trapping
|
* ↓ [[Vital capacity|FVC]]
* ↓ [[Total lung capacity|TLC]]
* ↓ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* ↑ [[Macrophage|Macrophages]]
|
* Clinical evaluation and investigations
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Desquamative interstitial pneumonia<ref name="RyuMyers2005">{{cite journal|last1=Ryu|first1=Jay H.|last2=Myers|first2=Jeffrey L.|last3=Capizzi|first3=Stephen A.|last4=Douglas|first4=William W.|last5=Vassallo|first5=Robert|last6=Decker|first6=Paul A.|title=Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia and Respiratory Bronchiolitis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease|journal=Chest|volume=127|issue=1|year=2005|pages=178–184|issn=00123692|doi=10.1378/chest.127.1.178}}</ref><ref name="CraigWells2004">{{cite journal|last1=Craig|first1=P J|last2=Wells|first2=A U|last3=Doffman|first3=S|last4=Rassl|first4=D|last5=Colby|first5=T V|last6=Hansell|first6=D M|last7=du Bois|first7=R M|last8=Nicholson|first8=A G|title=Desquamative interstitial pneumonia, respiratory bronchiolitis and their relationship to smoking|journal=Histopathology|volume=45|issue=3|year=2004|pages=275–282|issn=0309-0167|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2559.2004.01921.x}}</ref>
|[[TIMI Risk Score for Unstable Angina or NSTEMI]]
| align="center" |Chronic
|[[Widget:TIMI_UA_NSTEMI]]
| align="center" |40−50 years old
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |Dry
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
* Fine, bibasilar end−inspiratory [[Rales|crackles]]
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
* Nonspecific 
|
* Ground glass opacities without the peripheral reticular and reticulonodular opacities
|
* ↓ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* ↑ [[Eosinophil granulocyte|Eosinophils]] 
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Disease
|[[TIMI Risk Score for STEMI]]
! colspan="7" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |History
|[[Widget:TIMI_STEMI]]
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Symptoms
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Physical examination
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Lab findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Imaging
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Pulmonary function test
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bronchoscopy and BAL
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard
|-
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
|[[Tygerberg score]]
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Age
|[[widget:Tygerberg_score]]
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gender
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Family history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Smoking history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Environmental exposure
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HIV
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Dyspnea
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cough
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Wheezing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chest pain
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Tachypnea  
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Auscultation
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cyanosis
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Clubbing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Spirometry
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ABG
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Pulmonary Langerhans cell granulomatosis<ref name="BlakleyDutcher2018">{{cite journal|last1=Blakley|first1=Matthew P.|last2=Dutcher|first2=Janice P.|last3=Wiernik|first3=Peter H.|title=Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, acute myeloid leukemia, and myelofibrosis in a large family and review of the literature|journal=Leukemia Research|volume=67|year=2018|pages=39–44|issn=01452126|doi=10.1016/j.leukres.2018.01.011}}</ref>
|[[CHA2DS2-VASc Score]]
| align="center" |Chronic
|[[Widget:CHA2DS2VASc]]
| align="center" |20−40 years old
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |±
| align="center" |Dry
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
|
* Unremarkable
|−
|−
|
* Nonspecific 
|
* Mid to upper lung zone [[Cyst|cysts]] and [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]]
* Reticular and [[Nodule (medicine)|nodular]] opacities
* Recurrent spontaneous [[pneumothorax]]
|
* ↓ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
|
* Normal
|
* >5 percent [[Langerhans cell|langerhans cells]] (CD−1a positive)
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis<ref name="pmid29493933">{{cite journal |vauthors=Carrington JM, Hershberger DM |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=29493933 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="KianiParsa2018">{{cite journal|last1=Kiani|first1=Arda|last2=Parsa|first2=Tahereh|last3=Adimi Naghan|first3=Parisa|last4=Dutau|first4=Hervé|last5=Razavi|first5=Fatemeh|last6=Farzanegan|first6=Behrooz|last7=Pourabdollah Tootkaboni|first7=Mahsa|last8=Abedini|first8=Atefeh|title=An eleven-year retrospective cross-sectional study on pulmonary alveolar proteinosis|journal=Advances in Respiratory Medicine|volume=86|issue=1|year=2018|pages=7–12|issn=2543-6031|doi=10.5603/ARM.2018.0003}}</ref>
|[[CHADS2 score]]
| align="center" |Acute/chronic
|[[Widget:CHADS2score]]
| align="center" |40−50 years old
| align="center" |Male
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
*  Inspiratory [[Rales|crackles]]
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
|
* ↑ [[Lactate dehydrogenase|LDH]]
* ↑ [[CEA]]
* ↑ [[Surfactant]] protein A, B, and D
* [[Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody|Anti-GBM antibody]] +
* [[Polycythemia]]
* [[Hypergammaglobulinemia]]
|
* Bbilateral perihilar and basilar [[Alveolus|alveolar]] opacities without air−bronchograms
* "Bat wing" distribution
* Intralobular thickening
* Diffuse ground−glass opacities
|
* ↑ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
* ↑ [[A-a gradient|A−a gradient]]
* ↓ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Pulmonary gas pressures|PaO2]]
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
* [[Respiratory alkalosis]]
|
* Large foamy [[Macrophage|macrophages]] with amorphous [[Periodic acid-Schiff stain|PAS]]−positive material
* ↑  [[Lymphocyte|Lymphocytes]]
|
* [[Bronchoscopy]] and [[Bronchoalveolar lavage|BAL]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis<ref name="XuLo2014">{{cite journal|last1=Xu|first1=Kai-Feng|last2=Lo|first2=Bee Hong|title=Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: differential diagnosis and optimal management|journal=Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management|year=2014|pages=691|issn=1178-203X|doi=10.2147/TCRM.S50784}}</ref>
|[[HAS-BLED score]]
| align="center" |Acute/chronic
|[[Widget:HASBLEDscore]]
| align="center" |30−40 years old
| align="center" |Female
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |Bloody
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
|
* Decreased [[breath sounds]]
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
|
* ↑ [[Vascular endothelial growth factor|Vascular endothelial growth factor−D]] (VEGF−D)
|
* [[Pneumothorax]]
* [[Chylothorax]]
* Thin−walled round [[Cyst|cystic]] lesions
|
* ↓ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
|
* ↓ [[Pulmonary gas pressures|PaO2]]
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* [[LAM]] cells +
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Eosinophilic pneumonia<ref name="BernheimMcLoud2017">{{cite journal|last1=Bernheim|first1=Adam|last2=McLoud|first2=Theresa|title=A Review of Clinical and Imaging Findings in Eosinophilic Lung Diseases|journal=American Journal of Roentgenology|volume=208|issue=5|year=2017|pages=1002–1010|issn=0361-803X|doi=10.2214/AJR.16.17315}}</ref>
|[[The GRACE risk score]]
| align="center" |Acute/chronic
|[[Widget:GRACEscore]]
| align="center" |20−40 years old
| align="center" |Male
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |Dry
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
|
* Decreased [[breath sounds]]
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
* Neutrophilic [[leukocytosis]]
* ↑ [[Eosinophil granulocyte|Eosinophils]]
* Elevated [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|ESR]]
* Elevated [[C-reactive protein|CRP]]
* Elevated [[Immunoglobulin E|IgE]] level
|
* Bilateral diffuse mixed ground glass and reticular opacities
* Small bilateral [[Pleural effusion|pleural effusions]]
* Centrilobular [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]] and air−space [[Consolidation (medicine)|consolidation]]
|
* ↑ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
* ↓ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Pulmonary gas pressures|PaO2]]
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* [[Eosinophilia]] 
|
* Clinical evaluation and investigations
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Hypersensitivity pneumonitis<ref name="MillerAllen2018">{{cite journal|last1=Miller|first1=Ross|last2=Allen|first2=Timothy Craig|last3=Barrios|first3=Roberto J.|last4=Beasley|first4=Mary Beth|last5=Burke|first5=Louise|last6=Cagle|first6=Philip T.|last7=Capelozzi|first7=Vera Luiza|last8=Ge|first8=Yimin|last9=Hariri|first9=Lida P.|last10=Kerr|first10=Keith M.|last11=Khoor|first11=Andras|last12=Larsen|first12=Brandon T.|last13=Mark|first13=Eugene J.|last14=Matsubara|first14=Osamu|last15=Mehrad|first15=Mitra|last16=Mino-Kenudson|first16=Mari|last17=Raparia|first17=Kirtee|last18=Roden|first18=Anja Christiane|last19=Russell|first19=Prudence|last20=Schneider|first20=Frank|last21=Sholl|first21=Lynette M.|last22=Smith|first22=Maxwell Lawrence|title=Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis A Perspective From Members of the Pulmonary Pathology Society|journal=Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine|volume=142|issue=1|year=2018|pages=120–126|issn=0003-9985|doi=10.5858/arpa.2017-0138-SA}}</ref>
| align="center" |Acute/subacute/chronic
| align="center" |40−60 years old
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |Dry/productive
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
|
* Diffuse fine bibasilar [[crackles]]
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | +
|
* Neutrophilic [[leukocytosis]]
|
* Centrilobular ground−glass or nodular opacities of mid−to−upper zone 
* Air−trapping
|
* ↓ [[FEV1]]
* ↓ [[Vital capacity|FVC]]
|
* ↓ [[Pulmonary gas pressures|PaO2]]
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
|
* [[Lymphocytosis]]
|
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Disease
|[[Ranson criteria]]
! colspan="7" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |History
[[Acute pancreatitis diagnostic criteria]]
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Symptoms
|[[Widget:RansonScore]]
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Physical examination
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Lab findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Imaging
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Pulmonary function test
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bronchoscopy and BAL
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard
|-
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
|[[Apgar score]]
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Age
|[[Widget:Apgarscore]]
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gender
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Family history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Smoking history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Environmental exposure
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HIV
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Dyspnea
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cough
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Wheezing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chest pain
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Tachypnea  
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Auscultation
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cyanosis
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Clubbing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Spirometry
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ABG
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Occupational lung disease<ref name="SirajuddinKanne2009">{{cite journal|last1=Sirajuddin|first1=Arlene|last2=Kanne|first2=Jeffrey P.|title=Occupational Lung Disease|journal=Journal of Thoracic Imaging|volume=24|issue=4|year=2009|pages=310–320|issn=0883-5993|doi=10.1097/RTI.0b013e3181c1a9b3}}</ref>
|[[Glasgow coma scale]]
| align="center" |Chronic
|[[Widget:Adult_GCS]]
| align="center" |Elderly
| align="center" |Male
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
|
* Fine [[Rales|crackles]]
| align="center" |Peripheral/central
| align="center" | +
|
* [[Anemia]]
* [[Neutrophilia]]
* Elevated [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|ESR]]
* Elevated [[C-reactive protein|CRP]]
* Elevated [[Antibody|immunoglobulin]]
|
* Pleural thickening and [[Plaque|plaques]]
* [[Calcification]]
* Nodular or reticular opacities
* Lobar consolidation
* [[Atelectasis]]
* Parenchymal bands
* Enlarged hilar or mediastinal [[Lymph node|lymph nodes]]
* Granulomata
|
* ↑ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
* ↑ CO2
* [[Respiratory acidosis]]
|
* Mineral dust +
|
* History of environmental exposure and imaging
* Lung [[biopsy]] not required
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Radiation−induced lung injury<ref name="pmid25854336">{{cite journal |vauthors=Giridhar P, Mallick S, Rath GK, Julka PK |title=Radiation induced lung injury: prediction, assessment and management |journal=Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. |volume=16 |issue=7 |pages=2613–7 |date=2015 |pmid=25854336 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
|[[Pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale]]
| align="center" |Subacute/chronic
|[[Widget:PGCS]]
| align="center" |Any age
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |Dry
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
|
* [[Rales|Crackles]]
* [[Pleural friction rub|Pleural rub]]
* Dullness to [[percussion]]
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
|
* Nonspecific
|
* Perivascular haziness to patchy [[Alveolus|alveolar]] filling densities
* Straight line effect
* [[Pleural effusion]]
|
* ↓ [[Total lung capacity|TLC]]
* ↓ [[Vital capacity|FVC]]
* ↓ [[Spirometry|FEV1]]
* ↓ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Pulmonary gas pressures|PaO2]]
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* [[Lymphocytosis]]
|
* History of irradiation and clinical presentation
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Pulmonary hemorrhage syndromes
|[[Cincinnati stroke scale]]
! style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Goodpasture syndrome<ref name="pmid29083697">{{cite journal |vauthors=DeVrieze BW, Hurley JA |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=29083697 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
|[[Widget:Cincinnati_Stroke_Scale]]
| align="center" |Chronic
| align="center" |All ages
| align="center" |Male
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |±
| align="center" |Bloody
| align="center" |±
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
* Bilateral coarse [[crepitations]]
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
* [[Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody|Anti-GBM antibody]] +
* [[Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody|ANCA]] +
* [[Anemia]]
* [[Red blood cell|RBC]] in the urine
|
* Pulmonary infiltrates
|
* ↑ [[DLCO]]
|
* Normal
|
* NA
|
* Kidney [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis<ref name="KhorashadiWu2015">{{cite journal|last1=Khorashadi|first1=L.|last2=Wu|first2=C.C.|last3=Betancourt|first3=S.L.|last4=Carter|first4=B.W.|title=Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis: spectrum of thoracic imaging findings in the adult patient|journal=Clinical Radiology|volume=70|issue=5|year=2015|pages=459–465|issn=00099260|doi=10.1016/j.crad.2014.11.007}}</ref>
|[[DIPSS Plus Score]]
| align="center" |Acute/subacute/chronic
|[[Widget:DIPSS_Plus_Score]]
| align="center" |Children − 10 years old
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |Bloody
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
|
* [[Rales|Crackles]]
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |−
|
* [[Iron deficiency anemia]]
* ↑ Plasma [[bilirubin]]
* ↑ Urinary excretion of [[urobilinogen]]
* ↑ [[Reticulocytes]]
* [[Fecal occult blood]] +
|
* Mid to lower zone [[Alveolus|alveolar]] opacities
* Multiple honeycomb [[Cyst|cysts]]
|
* ↓ [[Lung volumes|TLC]]
* ↓ [[Vital capacity|FVC]]
* ↓ [[Spirometry|FEV1]]
* ↑ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
* ↑ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
* ↓ CO2
|
* ↑  [[Hemosiderin]]−laden [[Macrophage|macrophages]]
|
* Clinical evaluation and investigations
|-
|-
! style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Isolated pulmonary capillaritis<ref name="ThompsonKlecka2016">{{cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=Gwen|last2=Klecka|first2=Mary|last3=Roden|first3=Anja C.|last4=Specks|first4=Ulrich|last5=Cartin-Ceba|first5=Rodrigo|title=Biopsy-proven pulmonary capillaritis: A retrospective study of aetiologies including an in-depth look at isolated pulmonary capillaritis|journal=Respirology|volume=21|issue=4|year=2016|pages=734–738|issn=13237799|doi=10.1111/resp.12738}}</ref>
| colspan="2" |[[ICU scoring systems]]
| align="center" |Chronic
| align="center" |40−60 years old
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |Bloody
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
|
* Decreased [[breath sounds]]
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
* [[Anemia]]
* [[Leukocytosis]]
|
* Diffuse [[Alveolus|alveolar]] haemorrhage
|
* ↓ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* Diffuse [[Alveolus|alveolar]] haemorrhage
|
* Diagnosis of exclusion
|-
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Disease
|[[APACHE II]]
! colspan="7" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |History
|[[Widget:APACHEII]]
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Symptoms
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Physical examination
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Lab findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Imaging
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Pulmonary function test
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bronchoscopy and BAL
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard
|-
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
|[[SAPS II]]
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Age
|[[Widget:SAPSII]]
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gender
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Family history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Smoking history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Environmental exposure
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HIV
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Dyspnea
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cough
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Wheezing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chest pain
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Tachypnea  
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Auscultation
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cyanosis
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Clubbing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Spirometry
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ABG
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Sarcoidosis<ref name="LiTao2018">{{cite journal|last1=Li|first1=Cheng-Wei|last2=Tao|first2=Ru-Jia|last3=Zou|first3=Dan-Feng|last4=Li|first4=Man-Hui|last5=Xu|first5=Xin|last6=Cao|first6=Wei-Jun|title=Pulmonary sarcoidosis with and without extrapulmonary involvement: a cross-sectional and observational study in China|journal=BMJ Open|volume=8|issue=2|year=2018|pages=e018865|issn=2044-6055|doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018865}}</ref>
|[[SAPS III]]
| align="center" |Acute/subacute/chronic
|[[Widget:SAPSIII]]
| align="center" |20−40 years old
| align="center" |Female
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | −
|
* [[Rales|Crackles]]
* [[Wheeze|Wheezing]]
* Decreased [[breath sounds]]
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | −
|
* [[Hypercalciuria]] 
* [[Hypercalcemia]]
* High [[Angiotensin-converting enzyme|ACE]]
* [[Hypergammaglobulinemia]]
|
* [[Hilar lymphadenopathy|Hilar adenopathy]]
* Reticular opacities
* [[Pneumothorax]]
* [[Pleural cavity|Pleural]] thickening
* [[Chylothorax]]
* [[Pulmonary hypertension]]
|
* ↓ [[Lung volumes|TLC]]
* ↓ [[Vital capacity|FVC]]
* ↓ [[Spirometry|FEV1]]
* ↑ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
* ↓ [[DLCO]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
* ↓ CO2
* [[Respiratory acidosis]]
|
* [[Lymphocytosis]] 
* Elevated [[adenosine deaminase]]
* [[D-dimer]] +
|
* Clinical evaluation and investigations
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Granulomatous vasculitides
|[[PIM2]]
! style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)<ref name="pmid26684637">{{cite journal |vauthors=Greco A, Marinelli C, Fusconi M, Macri GF, Gallo A, De Virgilio A, Zambetti G, de Vincentiis M |title=Clinic manifestations in granulomatosis with polyangiitis |journal=Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=151–9 |date=June 2016 |pmid=26684637 |pmc=5806708 |doi=10.1177/0394632015617063 |url=}}</ref>
| align="center" |Chronic
| align="center" |Elderly
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | −
|
|
* [[Rales|Crackles]]
|}
| align="center" | −
==Table==
| align="center" | −
{|
|
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Complications
* [[Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody|ANCA]] +
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Polymyositis
* [[Anemia]]
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Dermatomyositis
* [[Leukocytosis]]
* [[Thrombocytosis]]
* Elevated [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|ESR]]
* Elevated [[C-reactive protein|CRP]]
* Elevated [[creatinine]]
* Urine [[protein]] +
* [[Hematuria]] 
|
* Cavitate [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]]
* Ground−glass opacity
* [[Consolidation (medicine)|Consolidation]]
* [[Pleural effusion]]
* [[Hilar lymphadenopathy|Hilar adenopathy]]
|
* ↓ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* Alveolar hemorrhage
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg Strauss)<ref name="pmid25500434">{{cite journal |vauthors=Greco A, Rizzo MI, De Virgilio A, Gallo A, Fusconi M, Ruoppolo G, Altissimi G, De Vincentiis M |title=Churg-Strauss syndrome |journal=Autoimmun Rev |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=341–8 |date=April 2015 |pmid=25500434 |doi=10.1016/j.autrev.2014.12.004 |url=}}</ref>
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" + |[[Cancer|Malignancy]]
| align="center" |Chronic
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" |40−50 years old
*[[Lung]]
| align="center" |Both
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" + |
| align="center" | +
*[[Lung]]
| align="center" | −
|}
| align="center" | −
<br>
| align="center" | −
===Calculation of the Padua Prediction Score===
| align="center" | −
Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
|
* Scattered [[Wheeze|wheezing]]
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
|
* [[Eosinophilia]]
* Elevated [[Immunoglobulin E|IgE]] titers
* [[Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody|ANCA]] +
|
* Areas of parenchymal opacification
* Mixed interstitial patchy [[Alveolus|alveolar]] opacities
|
* ↓ [[Lung volumes|TLC]]


* ↑ [[Residual volume|RV]]
{| style="border: 0; float: left; width: 45%; position: float; background: #104E8B; border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 0 0 0 0; padding: 5px 5px; font-weight: bold;"
|
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 120%;" | IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
* Normal
|
* [[Eosinophilia]] 
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Bronchocentric granulomatosis<ref name="Myers1989">{{cite journal|last1=Myers|first1=Jeffrey L.|title=Bronchocentric Granulomatosis|journal=Chest|volume=96|issue=1|year=1989|pages=3–4|issn=00123692|doi=10.1378/chest.96.1.3}}</ref>
! style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Variable
| align="center" |Chronic
! style=" text-align: center; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Score
| align="center" |30−70 years old
| align="center" |Both
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |±
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |±
| align="center" | −
|
* Scattered [[Wheeze|wheezing]]
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |−
|
* [[Eosinophilia]]
* Elevated [[Immunoglobulin E|IgE]] titers
* Elevated circulating IgE antibodies to [[Aspergillus]] species
|
* Upper zone single or multiple pulmonary [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]] 
* [[Consolidation (medicine)|Consolidation]]
* [[Atelectasis]]
|
* ↓ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
|
* Normal
|
* [[Eosinophilia]] 
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis<ref name="AnkitaShashi2016">{{cite journal|last1=Ankita|first1=Grover|last2=Shashi|first2=Dhawan|title=Pulmonary Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis- a Case Report with Review of Literature|journal=Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology|volume=7|issue=4|year=2016|pages=484–487|issn=0975-7651|doi=10.1007/s13193-016-0525-1}}</ref>
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Active gastric or duodenal ulcer
| align="center" |Chronic
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4.5
| align="center" |30−50 years old
| align="center" |Male
| align="center" | −
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | +
| align="center" |−
|
* Normal
| align="center" |−
| align="center" |−
|
* [[Epstein Barr virus|Epstein-Barr virus]] (EBV) serology +
|
* Mid to lower zone multiple poorly defined [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]]
* Diffuse reticular abnormalities
|
* Normal
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
* Chronic [[respiratory alkalosis]]
|
* Normal
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Amyloidosis<ref name="KhoorColby2017">{{cite journal|last1=Khoor|first1=Andras|last2=Colby|first2=Thomas V.|title=Amyloidosis of the Lung|journal=Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine|volume=141|issue=2|year=2017|pages=247–254|issn=0003-9985|doi=10.5858/arpa.2016-0102-RA}}</ref><ref name="MilaniBasset2017">{{cite journal|last1=Milani|first1=Paolo|last2=Basset|first2=Marco|last3=Russo|first3=Francesca|last4=Foli|first4=Andrea|last5=Palladini|first5=Giovanni|last6=Merlini|first6=Giampaolo|title=The lung in amyloidosis|journal=European Respiratory Review|volume=26|issue=145|year=2017|pages=170046|issn=0905-9180|doi=10.1183/16000617.0046-2017}}</ref>
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Prior bleeding within the last 3 months
| align="center" |Subacute/chronic
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4
| align="center" |50−70 years old
| align="center" |Male
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | Bloody
| align="center" | +
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
|
* [[Rales|Crackles]]
| align="center" | −
| align="center" | −
|
* Congophilia with apple−green birefringence under polarized light
|
* Tracheobronchial infiltration
* Persistent [[Pleural effusion|pleural effusions]]
* Parenchymal [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]]
|
* ↓ [[FEV1/FVC ratio|FEV1/FVC]]
|
* ↓ [[Oxygen|O2]]
|
* Normal
|
* Lung [[biopsy]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Disease
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Thrombocytopenia (<50x10<sup>9</sup>/L)
! colspan="7" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |History
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |4
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Symptoms
! colspan="4" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Physical examination
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Lab findings
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Imaging
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Pulmonary function test
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bronchoscopy and BAL
! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard
|-
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age ≥ 85 years
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Age
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |3.5
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gender
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Family history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Smoking history
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Environmental exposure
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |HIV
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Dyspnea
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cough
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Wheezing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chest pain
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Tachypnea  
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Auscultation
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cyanosis
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Clubbing
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Spirometry
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |ABG
|}
</small></small>
 
== Diagnosis ==
* There are multiple laboratory tests that might be helpful to ascertain or rule out the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease.  
{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Condition
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Disease
! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Test
|-
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="7" |All patients with suspicious interstitial lung disease
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Liver failure (INR>1.5)
| colspan="2" |[[Complete blood count]] and differential
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Liver function tests]]
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Severe kidney failure (GFR< 30 mL/min/m<sup>2</sup>)
|[[Alanine transaminase|Alanine aminotransferase]] (ALT, SGPT)
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5
|-
|-
|[[Aspartate transaminase|Aspartate aminotransferase]] (AST, SGOT)
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Admission to ICU or CCU
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2.5
|-
|-
|[[Alkaline phosphatase]]
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Central venous catheter
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Renal function tests]]
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Rheumatic disease
|[[Urine|Urinalysis]]
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2
|-
|-
|[[Blood urea nitrogen]] (BUN)
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Active malignancy
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |2
|-
|-
|[[Creatinine]] (Cr)
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age: 40-84 years
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1.5
|-
|-
| rowspan="7" |Suspicious of systemic [[rheumatic disease]]
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Male
|[[Rheumatoid arthritis|RA]]
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1
|[[Serology]]
|[[Anti-citrullinated protein antibody|Anti−cyclic citrullinated peptide]] (Anti-CCP)
|-
|-
|[[SLE]]
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Moderate kidney failure (GFR: 30-59 mL/min/m<sup>2</sup>)
|[[Serology]]
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |1
|[[Anti-dsDNA antibody|Anti−double stranded DNA antibodies]] (Anti-dsDNA antibody)
|-
|-
|[[Dermatomyositis|Amyopathic dermatomyositis]]
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Result:
|[[Serology]]
|Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA-5)
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |Nonspecific
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Interpretation:
|[[Serology]]
|}
|[[Anti-nuclear antibody|Antinuclear antibody]] (ANA)
<br style="clear:left" />
 
===Calculation of the test Prediction Score===
Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:
 
{| style="border: 0; float: left; width: 45%; position: float; background: #104E8B; border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 10px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 0 0 0 0; padding: 5px 5px; font-weight: bold;"
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 120%;" | IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
|-
|-
|[[Serology]]
! style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Variable
|[[Rheumatoid factor]] (RF)
! style=" text-align: center; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Score
|-
|-
|[[Serology]]
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Gender
|[[Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody]] (ANCA)
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Female
|-
|-
|[[Enzyme]]
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Male
|[[Creatine kinase]] (CK), [[aldolase]]
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |Mechanic hands
! rowspan="4" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Age
| rowspan="3" |[[Myositis]]
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |0-70
| rowspan="3" |Myositis−associated antibodies
|Anti-tRNA synthetases Jo-1
|-
|-
|Anti-tRNA synthetases PL-7
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |71-80
|-
|-
|Anti-tRNA synthetases PL-12
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |81-90
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[Sicca syndrome|Sicca]] features or positive anti−extractable nuclear antigen (ENA)
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>90
| rowspan="2" |[[Sjögren's syndrome|Sjögren’s syndrome]]
|[[Serology]]
|Anti-RO (SS−A)
|-
|-
|[[Serology]]
! rowspan="5" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Hgb ('''g/dL)'''
|Anti-La (SS−B)
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>17 '''g/dL'''
|-
|-
|[[Mixed connective tissue disease]] 
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |15.5-17 '''g/dL'''
|[[Serology]]
|Anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP)
|-
|-
|IgG4-related disease
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |12.5-15.5 '''g/dL'''
|[[Serology]]
|Serum IgG4
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |Severe GERD or sclerodactyly
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |12.5-11 '''g/dL'''
|Limited systemic scleroderma
|[[Serology]]
|Anti-centromere
|-
|-
|Systemic scleroderma
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |<11 '''g/dL'''
|[[Serology]]
|Anti-topoisomerase I (anti-Scl-70)
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |Dyspnea
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |CrCl (mL/min)
|Heart failure
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |30-60 mL/min
| rowspan="2" |[[Enzyme]]
|Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
|-
|-
|Pulmonary hypertension
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |15-30 mL/min
|N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP)
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |Anemia and/or hemoptysis
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Albumin
|[[Coagulopathy|Coagulopathies]]
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |>3.5 g/dL
| colspan="2" |[[Coagulation|Coagulation studies]]
|-
|-
|Goodpasture syndrome
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |≤3.5 g/dL
|[[Serology]]
|Anti−glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibodies
|-
|-
|Antiphospholipid syndrome 
! rowspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |D-dimer
|[[Serology]]
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |≥1 µg/mL
|Antiphospholipid antibodies
|-
|-
|Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |<1 µg/mL
|[[Serology]]
|Serum IgA endomysial or tissue transglutaminase antibodies 
|-
|-
|Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |ICU admission
|Multiple myeloma
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |
| colspan="2" |Serum protein electrophoresis
|-
|-
|Beryllium exposure
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Acute stroke on hospitalization
|Berylliosis
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |
| colspan="2" |Peripheral blood beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |Risk factors for HIV
! style=" text-align: left; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |History of VTE
| rowspan="2" |HIV
| style=" text-align: center; color: #FFFFFF; background: #4479BA; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |
| colspan="2" |ELISA
|-
|-
| colspan="2" |Western blot test
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Result:
|}
 
== Occupational lung disease ==
* [[Occupational lung disease|Occupational lung diseases]] are caused by the accumulation of different dust particles in the [[Alveolus|alveolar]] space.<ref name="pmid10931786">{{cite journal| author=Castranova V, Vallyathan V| title=Silicosis and coal workers' pneumoconiosis. | journal=Environ Health Perspect | year= 2000 | volume= 108 Suppl 4 | issue=  | pages= 675-84 | pmid=10931786 | doi= | pmc=PMC1637684 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10931786  }} </ref>
* As the particles accumulate, the body's elimination mechanisms begin to fail, resulting in activation of [[Chemotaxis|chemotactic]] factors that exacerbate the [[Inflammation|inflammatory]] response, and subsequently lead to [[fibrosis]]. 
* The most common particles that cause [[pneumoconiosis]] are [[asbestos]], [[silica]], coal, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, [[bauxite]], [[cobalt]], [[beryllium]] and [[iron]].
'''For more information about occupational lung disease, [[Occupational lung disease|click here]].'''
 
== Drug−induced lung injury==
* More than 600 medications might be [[Pulmonary toxicity|pulmonary toxic]] and cause [[lung]] injury.<ref name="CamusBonniaud2004">{{cite journal|last1=Camus|first1=Philippe|last2=Bonniaud|first2=Philippe|last3=Fanton|first3=Annlyse|last4=Camus|first4=Clio|last5=Baudaun|first5=Nicolas|last6=Foucher|first6=Pascal|title=Drug-induced and iatrogenic infiltrative lung disease|journal=Clinics in Chest Medicine|volume=25|issue=3|year=2004|pages=479–519|issn=02725231|doi=10.1016/j.ccm.2004.05.006}}</ref>
* [[Lung]] injury following medication intake might vary from interstitial lung disease to [[hypersensitivity pneumonitis]], [[pleural effusion]] or [[pulmonary edema]].<ref name="pmid8484641">{{cite journal |vauthors=Todd NW, Peters WP, Ost AH, Roggli VL, Piantadosi CA |title=Pulmonary drug toxicity in patients with primary breast cancer treated with high-dose combination chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation |journal=Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. |volume=147 |issue=5 |pages=1264–70 |date=May 1993 |pmid=8484641 |doi=10.1164/ajrccm/147.5.1264 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15062605">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schwarz MI, Fontenot AP |title=Drug-induced diffuse alveolar hemorrhage syndromes and vasculitis |journal=Clin. Chest Med. |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=133–40 |date=March 2004 |pmid=15062605 |doi=10.1016/S0272-5231(03)00139-4 |url=}}</ref>
* The presentation of [[lung]] injury might be acute, subacute or chronic and it might occur weeks to years even after discontinuing the drug.<ref name="pmid9493644">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Vuyst P, Pfitzenmeyer P, Camus P |title=Asbestos, ergot drugs and the pleura |journal=Eur. Respir. J. |volume=10 |issue=12 |pages=2695–8 |date=December 1997 |pmid=9493644 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20592596">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wijnen PA, Bekers O, Drent M |title=Relationship between drug-induced interstitial lung diseases and cytochrome P450 polymorphisms |journal=Curr Opin Pulm Med |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=496–502 |date=September 2010 |pmid=20592596 |doi=10.1097/MCP.0b013e32833c06f1 |url=}}</ref>
* Diagnosis of drug-induced lung injury is by the exclusion of other diseases. Detailed history and paraclinical [[Lung|pulmonary]] investigations are required to exclude other causes of interstitial lung disease. [[Lung|Pulmonary]] investigations are as follow:<ref name="Matsuno2012">{{cite journal|last1=Matsuno|first1=Osamu|title=Drug-induced interstitial lung disease: mechanisms and best diagnostic approaches|journal=Respiratory Research|volume=13|issue=1|year=2012|pages=39|issn=1465-9921|doi=10.1186/1465-9921-13-39}}</ref>
** On [[Spirometry|pulmonary function tests]] ([[Spirometry|PFTs]]), a [[Restrictive lung disease|restrictive pattern]] is more common. [[FEV1/FVC ratio]] may be normal or increased. [[DLCO]] is reduced. 
** [[Bronchoalveolar lavage]] may exclude [[Infection|infectious]] disease. 
** [[Bronchoscopy]] with transbronchial [[biopsy]] may be indicated to exclude other diseases that have [[Lung|pulmonary]] involvement.
** Invasive lung [[biopsy]] is rarely required.
* Management of drug-induced lung injury includes:<ref name="pmid205227932">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gingo MR, George MP, Kessinger CJ, Lucht L, Rissler B, Weinman R, Slivka WA, McMahon DK, Wenzel SE, Sciurba FC, Morris A |title=Pulmonary function abnormalities in HIV-infected patients during the current antiretroviral therapy era |journal=Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. |volume=182 |issue=6 |pages=790–6 |date=September 2010 |pmid=20522793 |pmc=2949404 |doi=10.1164/rccm.200912-1858OC |url=}}</ref>
** Immediate drug discontinuation
** Supportive therapy
** Control of other underlying chronic [[Pulmonology|pulmonary disease]]
** Treatment of [[Respiratory tract infection|respiratory infections]]
** [[Smoking cessation]]
** [[Glucocorticoid]] therapy<ref name="pmid7842781">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kalaycioglu M, Kavuru M, Tuason L, Bolwell B |title=Empiric prednisone therapy for pulmonary toxic reaction after high-dose chemotherapy containing carmustine (BCNU) |journal=Chest |volume=107 |issue=2 |pages=482–7 |date=February 1995 |pmid=7842781 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* List of medications that might cause interstitial lung disease is as follow:<ref name="Schwaiblmair2012">{{cite journal|last1=Schwaiblmair|first1=Martin|title=Drug Induced Interstitial Lung Disease|journal=The Open Respiratory Medicine Journal|volume=6|issue=1|year=2012|pages=63–74|issn=18743064|doi=10.2174/1874306401206010063}}</ref><ref name="pmid25546981">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vasić NR, Milenković BA, Pešut DP, Stević RS, Jovanović DM |title=Drug induced lung disease--amiodarone in focus |journal=Med. Pregl. |volume=67 |issue=9-10 |pages=334–7 |date=2014 |pmid=25546981 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="7" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Drug−induced lung injury
|-
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Antimicrobial Agents
! colspan="2" style=" text-align: left; color: #4479BA; background: #FFFFFF; padding: 2px 10px; border-radius: 5px 5px 5px 5px; text-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);" |Interpretation:  
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Anti−Inflammatory Agents
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Biological Agents
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cardiovascular Agents
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Immunomodulator agents
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Antineoplastic agents
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Miscellaneous
|- valign="top"
|
* [[Amphotericin B]]
* [[Doripenem]]
* [[Ethambutol]]
* [[Isoniazid]]
* [[Minocycline]]
* [[Nitrofurantoin]]
* [[Sulfasalazine]]
|
* [[Abatacept]] 
* [[Aspirin]]
* [[Azathioprine]]
* [[Cyclophosphamide]]
* [[Gold]]
* [[Anakinra]]
* [[Leflunomide]]
* [[Methotrexate]]
* [[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]]
* [[Penicillamine]]
* [[Sulfasalazine]]
* [[Thalidomide]]
|
* [[Adalimumab]]
* [[Alemtuzumab]]
* [[Interferon type I|Alpha interferon]]
* [[Bevacizumab]]
* [[Cetuximab]]
* [[Etanercept]] 
* [[Infliximab]]
* [[Panitumumab]]
* [[Rituximab]]
* [[Tocilizumab]]
* [[Trastuzumab]]
|
* [[ACE inhibitor|ACE inhibitors]]
* [[Amiodarone]]<ref name="pmid19399307">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wolkove N, Baltzan M |title=Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity |journal=Can. Respir. J. |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=43–8 |date=2009 |pmid=19399307 |pmc=2687560 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* [[Anticoagulant|Anticoagulants]]
* [[Beta blockers]]
* [[Flecainide]]
* [[Hydrochlorothiazide]]
* [[Procainamide]]
* [[Statins]]<ref name="FernándezKaras2008">{{cite journal|last1=Fernández|first1=Antonio B.|last2=Karas|first2=Richard H.|last3=Alsheikh-Ali|first3=Alawi A.|last4=Thompson|first4=Paul D.|title=Statins and Interstitial Lung Disease|journal=Chest|volume=134|issue=4|year=2008|pages=824–830|issn=00123692|doi=10.1378/chest.08-0943}}</ref>
* [[Tocainide]]
|
* [[Sirolimus]]
* [[Riluzole]]
* [[Trametinib]]
* [[vandetanib]]
|
<div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[Azathioprine]]
* [[Bleomycin]]
* [[Bortezomib]]
* [[Busulfan]]
* [[Carmustine]] (BCNU)<ref name="pmid2370889">{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Driscoll BR, Hasleton PS, Taylor PM, Poulter LW, Gattameneni HR, Woodcock AA |title=Active lung fibrosis up to 17 years after chemotherapy with carmustine (BCNU) in childhood |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=323 |issue=6 |pages=378–82 |date=August 1990 |pmid=2370889 |doi=10.1056/NEJM199008093230604 |url=}}</ref>
* [[Chlorambucil]]
* [[Colony-stimulating factor|Colony-stimulating factors]]
* [[Crizotinib]]
* [[Cyclophosphamide]]<ref name="pmid84846412">{{cite journal |vauthors=Todd NW, Peters WP, Ost AH, Roggli VL, Piantadosi CA |title=Pulmonary drug toxicity in patients with primary breast cancer treated with high-dose combination chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation |journal=Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. |volume=147 |issue=5 |pages=1264–70 |date=May 1993 |pmid=8484641 |doi=10.1164/ajrccm/147.5.1264 |url=}}</ref>
* [[Cytarabine]]
* [[Deferoxamine]]
* [[Docetaxel]]
* [[Doxorubicin hydrochloride|Doxorubicin]]
* [[Eribulin]]
* [[Erlotinib]]
* [[Etoposide]] (VP−16)
* [[Fludarabine]]
* [[Flutamide]]
* [[Gefitinib]]
* [[Gemcitabine]]<ref name="pmid23404815">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tamura M, Saraya T, Fujiwara M, Hiraoka S, Yokoyama T, Yano K, Ishii H, Furuse J, Goya T, Takizawa H, Goto H |title=High-resolution computed tomography findings for patients with drug-induced pulmonary toxicity, with special reference to hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like patterns in gemcitabine-induced cases |journal=Oncologist |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=454–9 |date=2013 |pmid=23404815 |pmc=3639533 |doi=10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0248 |url=}}</ref>
* [[Hydroxyurea]]
* [[Imatinib]]
* [[Lomustine]] (CCNU)
* [[Melphalan]]
* [[Mitomycin (patient information)|Mitomycin-C]]
* [[Nilutamide]]
* [[Nitrosourea]]
* [[Olsalazine]]
* [[Paclitaxel]]
* [[Procarbazine]]
* [[Semustine]] (Methyl−CCNU)
* [[Sorafenib]]
* [[Vinblastine]]
|
* [[BCG vaccine|Bacille Calmette-Guerin]] (BCG)
* [[Bromocriptine]]
* [[Carbamazepine]]
* [[Cabergoline]]
* [[Cocaine]]<ref name="pmid22934773">{{cite journal |vauthors=Drent M, Wijnen P, Bast A |title=Interstitial lung damage due to cocaine abuse: pathogenesis, pharmacogenomics and therapy |journal=Curr. Med. Chem. |volume=19 |issue=33 |pages=5607–11 |date=2012 |pmid=22934773 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* [[Methysergide]]
* [[Tryptophan|L-tryptophan]]
* [[Penicillamine]]
* [[Phenytoin]]
* [[Talcosis|Talc]]
|}
|}
<br style="clear:left" />


== Radiation-induced lung injury ==
===Interpretation of the Padua Prediction Score===
Radiation has been considered as one of the causes of lung injury. There are multiple factors that affect
The interpretation of the score is as follows:
* Pulmonary injury following irradiation is directly related to duration and dose of radiation.<ref name="pmid16015535">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kong FM, Ten Haken R, Eisbruch A, Lawrence TS |title=Non-small cell lung cancer therapy-related pulmonary toxicity: an update on radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis |journal=Semin. Oncol. |volume=32 |issue=2 Suppl 3 |pages=S42–54 |date=April 2005 |pmid=16015535 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* Score ≥ 4: High risk for VTE
* There are two types of reaction in pulmonary tissues to radiation which include:<ref name="pmid17126203">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tsoutsou PG, Koukourakis MI |title=Radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis: mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis and implications for future research |journal=Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. |volume=66 |issue=5 |pages=1281–93 |date=December 2006 |pmid=17126203 |doi=10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.08.058 |url=}}</ref>
* Score < 4: Low risk for VTE
** Early pulmonary reaction:
==References==
*** It usually occurs in 4 to 12 weeks following irradiation.
<references />
*** Early reaction mostly presents as radiation pneumonitis.
** Late pulmonary reaction:
*** It usually occurs 6 to 12 months following irradiation.
*** Late response usually induces lung fibrosis.
 
== Smoking related interstitial lung disease ==
* Desquamative interstitial pneumonia
* Respiratory bronchiolitis–associated interstitial lung disease
* Pulmonary Langerhans cell granulomatosis
 
== Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias ==
* Major idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
** Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
** Idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia
** Respiratory bronchiolitis−interstitial lung disease
** Desquamative interstitial pneumonia
** Cryptogenic organising pneumonia
** Acute interstitial pneumonia
* Rare idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
** Idiopathic lymphoid interstitial pneumonia
** Idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis
* Unclassifiable idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
*
*
* For more information about Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, '''[[Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia|click here]].'''
* For more information about Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, '''[[Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia|click here]].'''
* For more information about idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, '''[[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis|click here]].'''
 
== Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis ==
For more information about pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, '''[[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis|click here]].''' 
 
== Lymphocytic infiltrative disorders ==
* Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis
* Pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis
For more information about lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, '''[[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis|click here]].'''
 
== Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis ==
* For more information about pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis, '''[[Lymphangiomyomatosis|click here]].'''
 
== Pulmonary hemorrhage syndromes ==
* Goodpasture syndrome
* Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis
* Isolated pulmonary capillaritis
 
== Granulomatous lung response ==
* Hypersensitivity pneumonitis 
* Sarcoidosis
* Granulomatous vasculitides
** Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)
** Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (ChurgStrauss)
* Bronchocentric granulomatosis
For more information about hypersensitivity pneumonitis, '''[[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis|click here]].'''
 
== Interstitial lung disease associated with systemic diseases ==
 
=== Interstitial lung disease associated with connective tissue diseases ===
* Systemic lupus erythematosus
* Rheumatoid arthritis
* Ankylosing spondylitis
* Systemic sclerosis
* Sjögren syndrome
* Polymyositis/dermatomyositis
 
=== Interstitial lung disease associated with inherited diseases ===
* Tuberous sclerosis
* Neurofibromatosis
* Niemann−Pick disease
* Gaucher disease
* Hermansky−Pudlak syndrome
 
=== Interstitial lung disease associated with gastrointestinal or liver diseases ===
* Crohn disease
* Primary biliary cirrhosis
* Chronic active hepatitis
* Ulcerative colitis
 
=== Interstitial lung disease associated with graft−versus−host disease ===
* Bone marrow transplantation
* Solid organ transplantation
 
== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

Latest revision as of 18:11, 14 January 2019


Sandbox: wdx

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Category:Risk calculator
Deep vein thrombosis assessment of clinical probability and risk scores
Pulmonary embolism assessment of clinical probability and risk scores
Padua prediction score widget:PaduaVTEscore
IMPROVE risk score calculator Widget:IMPROVEScore
IMPROVEDD risk score calculator Widget:IMPROVEDDScore
Caprini score calculator Widget:CapCal
Wells score calculator for DVT Widget:DVT Wells score calculator
Modified Wells score calculator for DVT Widget:DVT Modified Wells score calculator
Pulmonary embolism Wells score calculator widget:PE_calculator
Pulmonary embolism modified Wells score calculator Widget:PE Modified Wells score calculator
AMUSE score calculator Widget:AMUSE_score_calculator
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Table

Complications Polymyositis Dermatomyositis
Malignancy


Calculation of the Padua Prediction Score

Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:

IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
Variable Score
Active gastric or duodenal ulcer 4.5
Prior bleeding within the last 3 months 4
Thrombocytopenia (<50x109/L) 4
Age ≥ 85 years 3.5
Liver failure (INR>1.5) 2.5
Severe kidney failure (GFR< 30 mL/min/m2) 2.5
Admission to ICU or CCU 2.5
Central venous catheter 2
Rheumatic disease 2
Active malignancy 2
Age: 40-84 years 1.5
Male 1
Moderate kidney failure (GFR: 30-59 mL/min/m2) 1
Result:
Interpretation:


Calculation of the test Prediction Score

Shown below is a calculator using the predictive score for VTE among hospitalized medical patients. Check all boxes that apply to your patient:

IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score
Variable Score
Gender Female
Male
Age 0-70
71-80
81-90
>90
Hgb (g/dL) >17 g/dL
15.5-17 g/dL
12.5-15.5 g/dL
12.5-11 g/dL
<11 g/dL
CrCl (mL/min) 30-60 mL/min
15-30 mL/min
Albumin >3.5 g/dL
≤3.5 g/dL
D-dimer ≥1 µg/mL
<1 µg/mL
ICU admission
Acute stroke on hospitalization
History of VTE
Result:
Interpretation:


Interpretation of the Padua Prediction Score

The interpretation of the score is as follows:

  • Score ≥ 4: High risk for VTE
  • Score < 4: Low risk for VTE

References

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