Pituitary apoplexy risk factors: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Common risk factors in the development of pituitary apoplexy include bleeding disorders, [[diabetes]], head injury, radiation to the pituitary gland, use of a breathing machine, angiography and surgery.
Common risk factors in the development of pituitary apoplexy include [[bleeding disorders]], [[diabetes]], use of a breathing machine, [[radiation]] to the [[pituitary gland]], [[angiography]], [[head injury]], [[surgery]], [[Pituitary gland|pituitary]] stimulation, and [[pregnancy]] induced [[lactotroph]] [[hyperplasia]].


==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==
Common risk factors in the development of pituitary apoplexy include :
Common risk factors in the development of pituitary apoplexy include:<ref name="pmid26414232">{{cite journal |vauthors=Briet C, Salenave S, Bonneville JF, Laws ER, Chanson P |title=Pituitary Apoplexy |journal=Endocr. Rev. |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=622–45 |year=2015 |pmid=26414232 |doi=10.1210/er.2015-1042 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7252541">{{cite journal| author=Wakai S, Fukushima T, Teramoto A, Sano K| title=Pituitary apoplexy: its incidence and clinical significance. | journal=J Neurosurg | year= 1981 | volume= 55 | issue= 2 | pages= 187-93 | pmid=7252541 | doi=10.3171/jns.1981.55.2.0187 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7252541  }} </ref>
* Bleeding disorders<ref name="pmid26414232">{{cite journal |vauthors=Briet C, Salenave S, Bonneville JF, Laws ER, Chanson P |title=Pituitary Apoplexy |journal=Endocr. Rev. |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=622–45 |year=2015 |pmid=26414232 |doi=10.1210/er.2015-1042 |url=}}</ref>
* [[Bleeding disorders]]
* [[Diabetes]]
* [[Diabetes]]
* Head injury
* Radiation to the pituitary gland
* Use of a breathing machine
* Use of a breathing machine
* Angiography <ref name="pmid26414232">{{cite journal |vauthors=Briet C, Salenave S, Bonneville JF, Laws ER, Chanson P |title=Pituitary Apoplexy |journal=Endocr. Rev. |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=622–45 |year=2015 |pmid=26414232 |doi=10.1210/er.2015-1042 |url=}}</ref>
* [[Radiation]] to the [[pituitary gland]]
* Surgery leading to hypotension and subsequent hypoperfusion of the pituitary gland.<ref name="pmid26414232">{{cite journal |vauthors=Briet C, Salenave S, Bonneville JF, Laws ER, Chanson P |title=Pituitary Apoplexy |journal=Endocr. Rev. |volume=36 |issue=6 |pages=622–45 |year=2015 |pmid=26414232 |doi=10.1210/er.2015-1042 |url=}}</ref>
* [[Angiography]]
* Pituitary stimulation with ACTH, TRH or GnRH analogues.
* [[Head injury]]
* Pregnancy leads to increased pituitary volume secondary to lactotroph hyperplasia, which returns to normal six months post-partum. Estrogen induced increased blood flow to pituitary.<ref name="pmid7252541">{{cite journal| author=Wakai S, Fukushima T, Teramoto A, Sano K| title=Pituitary apoplexy: its incidence and clinical significance. | journal=J Neurosurg | year= 1981 | volume= 55 | issue= 2 | pages= 187-93 | pmid=7252541 | doi=10.3171/jns.1981.55.2.0187 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7252541  }} </ref>
* [[Surgery]] leading to [[hypotension]]
* [[Pituitary gland|Pituitary]] stimulation with [[Adrenocorticotropic hormone|ACTH]], [[Thyrotropin-releasing hormone|TRH]] or [[Gonadotropin-releasing hormone|GnRH]] analogue
* [[Pregnancy]] induced [[lactotroph]] [[hyperplasia]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


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Latest revision as of 16:22, 18 October 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

Common risk factors in the development of pituitary apoplexy include bleeding disorders, diabetes, use of a breathing machine, radiation to the pituitary gland, angiography, head injury, surgery, pituitary stimulation, and pregnancy induced lactotroph hyperplasia.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of pituitary apoplexy include:[1][2]

References

  1. Briet C, Salenave S, Bonneville JF, Laws ER, Chanson P (2015). "Pituitary Apoplexy". Endocr. Rev. 36 (6): 622–45. doi:10.1210/er.2015-1042. PMID 26414232.
  2. Wakai S, Fukushima T, Teramoto A, Sano K (1981). "Pituitary apoplexy: its incidence and clinical significance". J Neurosurg. 55 (2): 187–93. doi:10.3171/jns.1981.55.2.0187. PMID 7252541.

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