Methaemoglobin

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Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Methaemoglobin Bandolier on Methaemoglobin TRIP on Methaemoglobin
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Methaemoglobin at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Methaemoglobin Clinical Trials on Methaemoglobin at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Methaemoglobin NICE Guidance on Methaemoglobin NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Methaemoglobin CDC on Methaemoglobin
Books
Books on Methaemoglobin
News
Methaemoglobin in the news Be alerted to news on Methaemoglobin News trends on Methaemoglobin
Commentary
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Definitions
Definitions of Methaemoglobin
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Methaemoglobin Discussion groups on Methaemoglobin Patient Handouts on Methaemoglobin Directions to Hospitals Treating Methaemoglobin Risk calculators and risk factors for Methaemoglobin
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Methaemoglobin Causes & Risk Factors for Methaemoglobin Diagnostic studies for Methaemoglobin Treatment of Methaemoglobin
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
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International
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Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Methaemoglobin

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Overview

Methemoglobin (pronounced MET-hemoglobin) is a form of the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin (British English: haemoglobin), in which the iron in the heme group is in the Fe³⁺ state, not the Fe²⁺ of normal hemoglobin. Methemoglobin is unable to carry oxygen. It is chocolate-brown in color. The NADH-dependent enzyme methemoglobin reductase (AKA diaphorase I) is responsible for converting methemoglobin back to hemoglobin.

Normally one to two percent of people's hemoglobin is methemoglobin; a higher percentage than this can be genetic or caused by exposure to various chemicals and depending on the level can cause health problems known as Methemoglobinemia. A higher level of methemoglobin will tend to cause a pulse oximeter to read closer to 85% regardless of the true level of oxygen saturation.

Common causes

• Reduced cellular defense mechanisms
  • Children younger than 4 months exposed to various environmental agents
  • Methemoglobin reductase deficiency
  • G6PD deficiency
  • Hemoglobin M disease
  • Pyruvate kinase deficiency
• Various pharmaceutical compounds
  • Local anaesthetic agents, especially prilocaine as used in the Bier block
  • Amyl nitrite, chloroquine, dapsone, nitrates, nitrites, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, phenacetin, phenazopyridine, primaquine, quinones and sulfonamides
• Environmental agents
  • Aromatic amines
  • Arsine
  • Chlorobenzene
  • Chromates
  • Nitrates/nitrites

Methemoglobinemia in infants

In children, this condition is known as blue baby syndrome, attributed primarily to excessive nitrate intake from drinking well water.

External links

• MeSH Methemoglobin

Cost Effectiveness of Methaemoglobin

| group5 = Clinical Trials Involving Methaemoglobin | list5 = Ongoing Trials on Methaemoglobin at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Methaemoglobin • Clinical Trials on Methaemoglobin at Google

| group6 = Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Methaemoglobin | list6 = US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Methaemoglobin • NICE Guidance on Methaemoglobin • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Methaemoglobin • CDC on Methaemoglobin

| group7 = Textbook Information on Methaemoglobin | list7 = Books and Textbook Information on Methaemoglobin

| group8 = Pharmacology Resources on Methaemoglobin | list8 = AND (Dose)}} Dosing of Methaemoglobin • AND (drug interactions)}} Drug interactions with Methaemoglobin • AND (side effects)}} Side effects of Methaemoglobin • AND (Allergy)}} Allergic reactions to Methaemoglobin • AND (overdose)}} Overdose information on Methaemoglobin • AND (carcinogenicity)}} Carcinogenicity information on Methaemoglobin • AND (pregnancy)}} Methaemoglobin in pregnancy • AND (pharmacokinetics)}} Pharmacokinetics of Methaemoglobin •

| group9 = Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Methaemoglobin | list9 = AND (pharmacogenomics)}} Genetics of Methaemoglobin • AND (pharmacogenomics)}} Pharmacogenomics of Methaemoglobin • AND (proteomics)}} Proteomics of Methaemoglobin

| group10 = Newstories on Methaemoglobin | list10 = Methaemoglobin in the news • Be alerted to news on Methaemoglobin • News trends on Methaemoglobin</small>

| group11 = Commentary on Methaemoglobin | list11 = Blogs on Methaemoglobin

| group12 = Patient Resources on Methaemoglobin | list12 = Patient resources on Methaemoglobin • Discussion groups on Methaemoglobin • Patient Handouts on Methaemoglobin • Directions to Hospitals Treating Methaemoglobin • Risk calculators and risk factors for Methaemoglobin

| group13 = Healthcare Provider Resources on Methaemoglobin | list13 = Symptoms of Methaemoglobin • Causes & Risk Factors for Methaemoglobin • Diagnostic studies for Methaemoglobin • Treatment of Methaemoglobin

| group14 = Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Methaemoglobin | list14 = CME Programs on Methaemoglobin

| group15 = International Resources on Methaemoglobin | list15 = Methaemoglobin en Espanol • Methaemoglobin en Francais

| group16 = Business Resources on Methaemoglobin | list16 = Methaemoglobin in the Marketplace • Patents on Methaemoglobin

| group17 = Informatics Resources on Methaemoglobin | list17 = List of terms related to Methaemoglobin

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