Mallory-Weiss syndrome: Difference between revisions

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{{SK}}: Mallory-Weiss tear
{{SK}}: Mallory-Weiss tear


==[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome overview|Overview]]==


==[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


==Overview==
==[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
'''Mallory-Weiss syndrome''' refers to bleeding from tears (a ''Mallory-Weiss tear'') in the [[mucosa]] at the junction of the [[stomach]] and [[esophagus]], usually caused by severe retching, [[cough]]ing, or [[vomiting]]. It is often associated with [[alcoholism]] and [[eating disorders]] and there is some evidence that presence of a [[hiatus hernia|hiatal hernia]] is a required predisposing condition.


==Historical Perspective==
==[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome causes|Causes]]==
The condition was first described in 1929 by G. Kenneth Mallory and [[Soma Weiss]] in 15 alcoholic patients <ref>Weiss S, Mallory GK. ''Lesions of the cardiac orifice of the stomach produced by vomiting.'' [[Journal of the American Medical Association]] 1932;98:1353-55.</ref>
 
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==[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome differential diagnosis|Differentiating Mallory-Weiss syndrome from other Disorders]]==
 
==[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
 
==[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
 
==[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis]]==


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
===Symptoms===
[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome endoscopy|Endoscopy]]
Mallory-Weiss syndrome often presents as an episode of vomiting up blood ([[hematemesis]]) after violent retching or vomiting, but may also be noticed as old blood in the stool ([[melena]]), and a history of retching may be absent. In most cases, the bleeding stops spontaneously after 24-48 hours, but endoscopic or surgical treatment is sometimes required and rarely the condition is fatal.


===Endoscopy===
==Treatment==
Definitive diagnosis is by [[Esophagogastroduodenoscopy|endoscopy]].
[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome surgery|Surgical]] | [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome primary prevention|Primary Prevention]]  | [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Mallory-Weiss syndrome future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


==Treatment==
==Case Studies==
Treatment is usually supportive as persistent bleeding is uncommon. However [[cauterization]] or injection of [[epinephrine]] to stop the bleeding may be undertaken during the index endoscopy procedure.  Very rarely [[embolization]] of the arteries supplying the region may be required to stop the bleeding. 
[[Mallory-Weiss syndrome case study one|Case #1]]


==Related Chapters==
==Related Chapters==
*[[Boerhaave syndrome]]
*[[Boerhaave syndrome]]
*[[Hematemesis]]
*[[Hematemesis]]
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}




Revision as of 15:46, 5 September 2012

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords:: Mallory-Weiss tear

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Mallory-Weiss syndrome from other Disorders

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

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