Lyme disease historical perspective

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2], Ilan Dock, B.S.

Overview

In 1883, Alfred Buchwald was the first to describe a condition associated with Lyme disease which is now known as acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. Arvid Afzelius first observed ring-like lesions, now known as Erythema migrans, and associated the rash with tick bite. In the United States, Lyme disease was not recognized until 1975, when a cluster of cases were identified in three towns in Southeastern Connecticut (including towns Lyme and Old Lyme), which gave Lyme disease its popular name. In 1981, the infectious agent (a spirochete) was isolated by Willy Burgdorfer, a researcher at the National Institutes of Health from the midgut of Ixodes ticks. The spirochete was named Borrelia burgdorferi in honour of Willy Burgdorfer.

Historical Perspective

Dr. Willy Burgdorfer, an American-Swiss scientist, discovered the bacterial pathogen responsible for causing Lyme disease Source - Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health

References

  1. Weber, Klaus (1993). Aspects of Lyme Borreliosis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ISBN 978-3-642-77614-4.
  2. Forschner, Karen (2003). Everything you need to know about Lyme disease and other tick-borne disorders. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley. ISBN 978-0471473640.
  3. Balfour A (1911). "THE INFECTIVE GRANULE IN CERTAIN PROTOZOAL INFECTIONS, AS ILLUSTRATED BY THE SPIROCHAETOSIS OF SUDANESE FOWLS". Br Med J. 1 (2622): 752. PMC 2333723. PMID 20765548.
  4. Dworkin, Mark S.; Schwan, Tom G.; Anderson, Donald E.; Borchardt, Stephanie M. (2008). "Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever". Infectious Disease Clinics of North America. 22 (3): 449–468. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2008.03.006. ISSN 0891-5520.
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  7. Bianchi GE (1950). "Penicillin therapy of lymphocytoma". Dermatologica. 100 (4–6): 270–3. PMID 15421023.
  8. Hollstrom E (1951). "Successful treatment of erythema migrans Afzelius". Acta Derm. Venereol. 31 (2): 235–43. PMID 14829185.
  9. Paschoud JM (1954). "Lymphocytoma after tick bite". Dermatologica (in German). 108 (4–6): 435–7. PMID 13190934.
  10. Scrimenti RJ (1970). "Erythema chronicum migrans". Archives of dermatology. 102 (1): 104–5. PMID 5497158.
  11. Steere AC (2006). "Lyme borreliosis in 2005, 30 years after initial observations in Lyme Connecticut". Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 118 (21–22): 625–33. doi:10.1007/s00508-006-0687-x. PMID 17160599.
  12. Sternbach G, Dibble C (1996). "Willy Burgdorfer: Lyme disease". J Emerg Med. 14 (5): 631–4. PMID 8933327.
  13. Mast WE, Burrows WM (1976). "Erythema chronicum migrans and "Lyme arthritis"". JAMA. 236 (21): 2392. PMID 989847.
  14. Steere AC, Malawista SE, Snydman DR; et al. (1977). "Lyme arthritis: an epidemic of oligoarticular arthritis in children and adults in three connecticut communities". Arthritis Rheum. 20 (1): 7–17. PMID 836338.
  15. Sanford JP (1976). "Relapsing Fever—Treatment and Control". In Johnson RC (ed). Biology of Parasitic Spirochetes. Academic Press. ISBN 9780123870506.
  16. Steere AC, Hutchinson GJ, Rahn DW; et al. (1983). "Treatment of the early manifestations of Lyme disease". Ann. Intern. Med. 99 (1): 22–6. PMID 6407378.
  17. Burgdorfer W (1993). "How the discovery of Borrelia burgdorferi came about". Clin Dermatol. 11 (3): 335–8. PMID 8221514.
  18. Luft BJ, Volkman DJ, Halperin JJ, Dattwyler RJ (1988). "New chemotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of Lyme borreliosis". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 539: 352–61. PMID 3056203.
  19. Dattwyler RJ, Volkman DJ, Conaty SM, Platkin SP, Luft BJ (1990). "Amoxycillin plus probenecid versus doxycycline for treatment of erythema migrans borreliosis". Lancet. 336 (8728): 1404–6. PMID 1978873.
  20. Ribeiro JM, Mather TN, Piesman J, Spielman A (1987). "Dissemination and salivary delivery of Lyme disease spirochetes in vector ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)". J. Med. Entomol. 24 (2): 201–5. PMID 3585913.


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