Lyme disease historical perspective

Revision as of 18:19, 1 August 2017 by Anmol Pitliya (talk | contribs)
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Lyme disease Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology and Demographics

Causes

Differentiating Lyme disease from other Diseases

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

ECG

X-ray

CT scan

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Sudies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Lyme disease historical perspective On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Lyme disease historical perspective

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Lyme disease historical perspective

CDC on Lyme disease historical perspective

Lyme disease historical perspective in the news

Blogs on Lyme disease historical perspective

Directions to Hospitals Treating Lyme disease

Risk calculators and risk factors for Lyme disease historical perspective

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2], Ilan Dock, B.S.

Overview

In 1883, Alfred Buchwald was the first to describe a condition associated with Lyme disease which is now known as acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. Arvid Afzelius first observed ring-like lesions, now known as Erythema migrans, and associated the rash with tick bite. In the United States, Lyme disease was not recognized until 1975, when a cluster of cases were identified in three towns in Southeastern Connecticut (including towns Lyme and Old Lyme), which gave Lyme disease its popular name. In 1981, the infectious agent (a spirochete) was isolated by Willy Burgdorfer, a researcher at the National Institutes of Health from the midgut of Ixodes ticks. The spirochete was named Borrelia burgdorferi in honour of Willy Burgdorfer.

Historical Perspective

Early History

Dr. Willy Burgdorfer, an American-Swiss scientist, discovered the bacterial pathogen responsible for causing Lyme disease.
  • In 1883, Alfred Buchwald, a German physician was the first to describe a condition associated with Lyme disease in Breslau (formerly in Germany, now known as Wrocław, Portland).He described the condition as diffuse idiopathic skin atrophy. The condition is a degenerative skin disorder now known as acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans.[1]
  • In 1909, Arvid Afzelius, a Swedish physician presented research about an expanding, ring-like lesion he had observed. In 1921, Arvid Afzelius published his work and stated that the rash was due to the bite of an Ixodes tick. He also concluded that meningitis signs and symptoms occur in a number of cases; this rash is now known as erythema migrans (EM), the skin rash found in early stage Lyme disease.[2]
  • In 1911, Andrew Balfour, a Scottish parasitologist of the Wellcome Research Laboratory in Khartoum identified "infective granules" or spore-type "cysts" as the cause of persistence of spirochetal infection in the Sudanese Fowl.[3]
  • In 1913, B. Lipschütz, an Austrian dermatologist, described similar rash and it as erythema chronicum migrans (ECM).
  • In 1915, Tick-borne relapsing fever (Borrelia hermsii) was first reported in the U.S following recognition of five human patients in Colorodo. This led to an increased interest in tick-borne infections in the U.S.[4]

References

  1. Weber, Klaus (1993). Aspects of Lyme Borreliosis. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ISBN 978-3-642-77614-4.
  2. Forschner, Karen (2003). Everything you need to know about Lyme disease and other tick-borne disorders. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley. ISBN 978-0471473640.
  3. Balfour A (1911). "THE INFECTIVE GRANULE IN CERTAIN PROTOZOAL INFECTIONS, AS ILLUSTRATED BY THE SPIROCHAETOSIS OF SUDANESE FOWLS". Br Med J. 1 (2622): 752. PMC 2333723. PMID 20765548.
  4. Dworkin, Mark S.; Schwan, Tom G.; Anderson, Donald E.; Borchardt, Stephanie M. (2008). "Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever". Infectious Disease Clinics of North America. 22 (3): 449–468. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2008.03.006. ISSN 0891-5520.
  5. 5.0 5.1 Ryberg B (1984). "Bannwarth's syndrome (lymphocytic meningoradiculitis) in Sweden". Yale J Biol Med. 57 (4): 499–503. PMC 2590032. PMID 6516452.
  6. Lenhoff C (1948). "Spirochetes in aetiologically obscure diseases". Acta Dermato-Venreol. 28: 295–324.
  7. Bianchi GE (1950). "Penicillin therapy of lymphocytoma". Dermatologica. 100 (4–6): 270–3. PMID 15421023.
  8. Hollstrom E (1951). "Successful treatment of erythema migrans Afzelius". Acta Derm. Venereol. 31 (2): 235–43. PMID 14829185.
  9. Paschoud JM (1954). "Lymphocytoma after tick bite". Dermatologica (in German). 108 (4–6): 435–7. PMID 13190934.
  10. Scrimenti RJ (1970). "Erythema chronicum migrans". Archives of dermatology. 102 (1): 104–5. PMID 5497158.
  11. Steere AC (2006). "Lyme borreliosis in 2005, 30 years after initial observations in Lyme Connecticut". Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 118 (21–22): 625–33. doi:10.1007/s00508-006-0687-x. PMID 17160599.
  12. Sternbach G, Dibble C (1996). "Willy Burgdorfer: Lyme disease". J Emerg Med. 14 (5): 631–4. PMID 8933327.
  13. Mast WE, Burrows WM (1976). "Erythema chronicum migrans and "Lyme arthritis"". JAMA. 236 (21): 2392. PMID 989847.
  14. Steere AC, Malawista SE, Snydman DR; et al. (1977). "Lyme arthritis: an epidemic of oligoarticular arthritis in children and adults in three connecticut communities". Arthritis Rheum. 20 (1): 7–17. PMID 836338.
  15. Sanford JP (1976). "Relapsing Fever—Treatment and Control". In Johnson RC (ed). Biology of Parasitic Spirochetes. Academic Press. ISBN 9780123870506.
  16. Steere AC, Hutchinson GJ, Rahn DW; et al. (1983). "Treatment of the early manifestations of Lyme disease". Ann. Intern. Med. 99 (1): 22–6. PMID 6407378.
  17. Burgdorfer W (1993). "How the discovery of Borrelia burgdorferi came about". Clin Dermatol. 11 (3): 335–8. PMID 8221514.
  18. Luft BJ, Volkman DJ, Halperin JJ, Dattwyler RJ (1988). "New chemotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of Lyme borreliosis". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 539: 352–61. PMID 3056203.
  19. Dattwyler RJ, Volkman DJ, Conaty SM, Platkin SP, Luft BJ (1990). "Amoxycillin plus probenecid versus doxycycline for treatment of erythema migrans borreliosis". Lancet. 336 (8728): 1404–6. PMID 1978873.
  20. Ribeiro JM, Mather TN, Piesman J, Spielman A (1987). "Dissemination and salivary delivery of Lyme disease spirochetes in vector ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)". J. Med. Entomol. 24 (2): 201–5. PMID 3585913.


Template:WikiDoc Sources