Kidney stone medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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===== Passage of stone ===== | ===== Passage of stone ===== | ||
* The passage of stones depend on the size and location of the stone. | |||
* Stones ≤5 mm in diameter pass spontaneously. | |||
* It decrease as the size grows and not likely for sizes ≥10 mm in diameter. | |||
* Stones which are proximal are less likely to pass spontaneously. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 23:35, 17 June 2018
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Kidney stone Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Kidney stone medical therapy On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Kidney stone medical therapy |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Kidney stone medical therapy |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Supportive therapy for [disease name] includes [therapy 1], [therapy 2], and [therapy 3].
OR
The majority of cases of [disease name] are self-limited and require only supportive care.
OR
[Disease name] is a medical emergency and requires prompt treatment.
OR
The mainstay of treatment for [disease name] is [therapy].
OR The optimal therapy for [malignancy name] depends on the stage at diagnosis.
OR
[Therapy] is recommended among all patients who develop [disease name].
OR
Pharmacologic medical therapy is recommended among patients with [disease subclass 1], [disease subclass 2], and [disease subclass 3].
OR
Pharmacologic medical therapies for [disease name] include (either) [therapy 1], [therapy 2], and/or [therapy 3].
Medical Therapy
Nephroliithiasis
Non pharmacological measures
Straining
- Stone ≤5 mm can pass spontaneously.
- Passage of stone also depends on the site of stone.[1]
Pharmacological measures
- Both NSAIDS and opiods are seen efficacious for the pain relief related to nephrolithiasis.[2]
- The combination works in effective pain relief.[3]
- NSAIDS should be stopped before undergoing Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy to reduce the risk of bleeding.
Pain relief
Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)
- Parenteral regimen
- Oral regimen
- Preferred regimen (1): Ketorolac 20 mg, followed by 10 mg q4-6 h as needed; maximum: 40 mg/day; follows the parenteral dose (contraindicated in patients with renal failure)
- Alternative regimen (1):Indomethacin 20 mg PO q8h
- Alternative regimen (2):Indomethacin 40 mg PO q8-12h
Opioids
- Parenteral regimen
- Preferred regimen (1): Morphine 5 mg IV q4h as needed.
Passage of stone
- The passage of stones depend on the size and location of the stone.
- Stones ≤5 mm in diameter pass spontaneously.
- It decrease as the size grows and not likely for sizes ≥10 mm in diameter.
- Stones which are proximal are less likely to pass spontaneously.
References
- ↑ Miller OF, Kane CJ (September 1999). "Time to stone passage for observed ureteral calculi: a guide for patient education". J. Urol. 162 (3 Pt 1): 688–90, discussion 690–1. PMID 10458343.
- ↑ Holdgate A, Pollock T (June 2004). "Systematic review of the relative efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids in the treatment of acute renal colic". BMJ. 328 (7453): 1401. doi:10.1136/bmj.38119.581991.55. PMC 421776. PMID 15178585.
- ↑ Cordell WH, Wright SW, Wolfson AB, Timerding BL, Maneatis TJ, Lewis RH, Bynum L, Nelson DR (August 1996). "Comparison of intravenous ketorolac, meperidine, and both (balanced analgesia) for renal colic". Ann Emerg Med. 28 (2): 151–8. PMID 8759578.