Hiatus hernia medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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**[[Cruciferous vegetables]] such as: Onions, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, spinach, brussel sprouts | **[[Cruciferous vegetables]] such as: Onions, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, spinach, brussel sprouts | ||
**[[Milk]] and milk-based products | **[[Milk]] and milk-based products | ||
**Medical therapy | |||
* | |||
*** '''[[Antacids]]''': | *** '''[[Antacids]]''': | ||
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[Aluminum hydroxide]] 640 mg 5 to 6 times daily PO after meals and at bed time. | **** Preferred regimen (1): [[Aluminum hydroxide]] 640 mg 5 to 6 times daily PO after meals and at bed time. | ||
**** Preferred regimen (2): [[Calcium carbonate]] One gram PO. | **** Preferred regimen (2): [[Calcium carbonate]] One gram PO. | ||
*** '''Histamine-receptor antagonists (H2RA):''' | *** '''[[Histamine-2 receptor blocker|Histamine-receptor antagonists]] (H2RA):''' | ||
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[Ranitidine]] 150 mg q12 daily PO | **** Preferred regimen (1): [[Ranitidine]] 150 mg q12 daily PO | ||
**** Preferred regimen (2): [[Cimetidine]] 400 mg q6h or 800 mg q12 PO for 12 weeks | **** Preferred regimen (2): [[Cimetidine]] 400 mg q6h or 800 mg q12 PO for 12 weeks | ||
| Line 45: | Line 36: | ||
*** '''[[Prokinetic|Prokinetic medications]]:''' | *** '''[[Prokinetic|Prokinetic medications]]:''' | ||
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[Metoclopramide]] 10 mg q24 PO for 4 to 12 weeks | **** Preferred regimen (1): [[Metoclopramide]] 10 mg q24 PO for 4 to 12 weeks | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:27, 7 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
In most cases, Most of the time patients experience no discomfort and no treatment is required. However, when a hiatal hernia is large, it is likely to cause esophageal stricture which results in discomfort. Symptomatic patients benefit from not lying down immediately after meals and also benefit by elevating the head of their beds. If stress has been idetified as the major riskfactor, stress reduction techniques may be practiced, or if overweight, weight loss may be indicated. Certain medications causes lower esophageal sphincter (or LES to relax those medications should be avoided. Anti-acid drugs like proton pump inhibitors and H2 receptor blockers can be used to decrease the acid secretion.
Medical Therapy
Lifestyle Modifications
- The following measures are recommended as the first line to treat GERD:[1][2][3][4]
- Weight loss
- Elevating head of the bed
- No eating two hours before going sleep
- Avoidance of the following foods and lifestyles is recommended in treatment of GERD:
- Coffee
- Alcohol
- Excessive amounts of Vitamin C supplements
- Foods high in fats
- Smoking
- Eating shortly before bedtime
- Large meals
- Chocolate and peppermint.
- Acidic foods, such as oranges and tomatoes.
- Cruciferous vegetables such as: Onions, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, spinach, brussel sprouts
- Milk and milk-based products
- Medical therapy
- Antacids:
- Preferred regimen (1): Aluminum hydroxide 640 mg 5 to 6 times daily PO after meals and at bed time.
- Preferred regimen (2): Calcium carbonate One gram PO.
- Histamine-receptor antagonists (H2RA):
- Preferred regimen (1): Ranitidine 150 mg q12 daily PO
- Preferred regimen (2): Cimetidine 400 mg q6h or 800 mg q12 PO for 12 weeks
- Preferred regimen (3): Famotidine 20 mg q12 PO for 6 weeks
- Proton pump inhibitors:[5][6]
- Preferred regimen (1): Omeprazole 20 mg q24 PO for up to 4 weeks
- Preferred regimen (2): Esomeprazole 20 mg or 40 mg q24 IV
- Prokinetic medications:
- Preferred regimen (1): Metoclopramide 10 mg q24 PO for 4 to 12 weeks
- Antacids:
References
- ↑ Piesman M, Hwang I, Maydonovitch C, Wong RK (2007). "Nocturnal reflux episodes following the administration of a standardized meal. Does timing matter?". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 102 (10): 2128–34. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01348.x. PMID 17573791.
- ↑ Kaltenbach T, Crockett S, Gerson LB (2006). "Are lifestyle measures effective in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease? An evidence-based approach". Arch. Intern. Med. 166 (9): 965–71. doi:10.1001/archinte.166.9.965. PMID 16682569.
- ↑ Ness-Jensen E, Hveem K, El-Serag H, Lagergren J (2016). "Lifestyle Intervention in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease". Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 14 (2): 175-82.e1-3. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2015.04.176. PMC 4636482. PMID 25956834.
- ↑ Khoury RM, Camacho-Lobato L, Katz PO, Mohiuddin MA, Castell DO. Influence of spontaneous sleep positions on nighttime recumbent reflux in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:2069-73. PMID 10445529.
- ↑ Inadomi JM, Jamal R, Murata GH, Hoffman RM, Lavezo LA, Vigil JM, Swanson KM, Sonnenberg A (2001). "Step-down management of gastroesophageal reflux disease". Gastroenterology. 121 (5): 1095–100. PMID 11677201.
- ↑ Inadomi JM, McIntyre L, Bernard L, Fendrick AM (2003). "Step-down from multiple- to single-dose proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): a prospective study of patients with heartburn or acid regurgitation completely relieved with PPIs". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 98 (9): 1940–4. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07665.x. PMID 14499769.