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== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.pfizer.com/pfizer/download/uspi_glucotrol_xl.pdf Glucotrol XL Full U.S. Prescribing Information]. Accessed on July 26, 2005.
* [http://www.pfizer.com/pfizer/download/uspi_glucotrol_xl.pdf Glucotrol XL Full U.S. Prescribing Information]. Accessed on July 26, 2005.
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{{Oral hypoglycemics}}
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[[Category:Sulfonamides]]
[[Category:Sulfonamides]]

Latest revision as of 15:33, 9 August 2012


Glipizide detailed information
Error creating thumbnail: File missing
Clinical data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration
Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • POM (UK), ℞-only (U.S.)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability100% (regular formulation)
90% (extended release)
Protein binding98 to 99%
MetabolismHepatic hydroxylation
Elimination half-life2 to 5 hours
ExcretionRenal and fecal
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
E number{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC21H27N5O4S
Molar mass445.536 g/mol

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Glipizide is an oral medium-to-long acting anti-diabetic drug from the sulfonylurea class. It is classified as a second generation Sulfonylurea, which means that it undergoes enterohepatic circulation. The structure on the R2 group is a much larger cyclo or aromatic group compared to the 1st generation sulfonylureas. This leads to a once a day dosing that is much less than the first generation, about 100 fold.

Mechanism of action is produced by blocking potassium channels in the Beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans. By partially blocking the potassium channels, you will increase the time the cell spends in the Calcium release stage of cell signaling leading to an increase in calcium. The increase in Calcium will initiate more Insulin release from each Beta cell.

Originally available in 1984, it is marketed by Pfizer under the brand name Glucotrol® in the USA, where Pfizer sells Glucotrol in doses of 5 and 10 milligrams and Glucotrol XL (an extended release form of glipizide) in doses of 2.5, 5, and 10 milligrams. Other companies sell generic forms of glipizide, most commonly extended release tablets of 5 and 10 milligrams.

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