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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma}}
{{Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AS}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{RG}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
There is no established system for the staging of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma. A T-staging system, originally designed for sinonasal B-cell lymphoma has been adopted to overcome this problem by taking into account the extent of local tumor involvement.<ref name=Hindawi>Extranodal Natural-Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ah/2010/627401/. Accessed on February 19, 2016 </ref>
Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma survival rate is not well predicted by [[Ann Arbor staging system]]. A new system was introduced based on [[B symptoms]], [[Ann Arbor Staging|Ann Arbor system]], [[LDH]] level, and regional [[lymphadenopathy]] combined. Another parallel mechanism for extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma is based on [[tumor]] [[biologic]] and micro-environmental factors. High [[Ki-67 (Biology)|Ki-67]] [[nuclear]] antigen is a [[marker]] for actively proliferation [[tumor]] [[Cell (biology)|cell]] which could be a related factor with mass bulk.
==Staging==
==Staging==
There is no established system for the staging of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma. A T-staging system, originally designed for sinonasal B-cell lymphoma has been adopted to overcome this problem by taking into account the extent of local tumor involvement.
 
* Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma survival rate is not well predicted by [[Ann Arbor staging system]]<ref name="pmid12876666">{{cite journal| author=Jaffe ES, Krenacs L, Raffeld M| title=Classification of cytotoxic T-cell and natural killer cell lymphomas. | journal=Semin Hematol | year= 2003 | volume= 40 | issue= 3 | pages= 175-84 | pmid=12876666 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12876666  }} </ref>|<ref name="pmid16888893">{{cite journal| author=Feller AC| title=[Classification and differential diagnosis of NK/T-cell lymphomas]. | journal=Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol | year= 2003 | volume= 87 | issue=  | pages= 43-52 | pmid=16888893 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16888893  }}</ref>.
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
*A new system was introduced by a Korean study based on [[B symptoms]], [[Ann Arbor Staging|Ann Arbor system]], [[LDH]] level, and regional [[lymphadenopathy]] combined.Four risk groups identified as below:
|+ '''Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma staging'''
 
! style="background: #4479BA;; color:#FFF;" | Name
# group 1: No adverse factor
! style="background: #4479BA;; color:#FFF;" | Description
# group 2: One factor
# group 3: Two factors
# group 4: Three or more factors
 
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center"
|+'''Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma staging'''
! style="background: #4479BA;; color:#FFF;" | Group
! style="background: #4479BA;; color:#FFF;" | Altered factors count
! style="background: #4479BA;; color:#FFF;" |5 year prognosis
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | T1
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 1
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | Confinement to the nasal cavity
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | N.O.
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 81000 out of 100000
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | T2 
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 2
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | Extension to the maxillary antra, anterior ethmoid sinus or [[hard palate]]
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 1
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 64000 out of 100000
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | T3 
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 3
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | Extension to posterior ethmoid sinus, sphenoidal sinus, [[orbit]], superior alveolar bone, cheeks, or superior buccinators space
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 2
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 34000 out of 100000
|-
|-
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | T4 
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 4
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | Involvement of the inferior alveolar bone, inferior buccinators space, infratemporal fossa, [[nasopharynx]], or cranial fossa
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 3/More
| style="text-align: center; padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | 7000 out of 100000
|}
|}


* Another parallel mechanism for extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma is based on [[tumor]] [[Biology|biologic]] and micro-environmental factors. High Ki-67 [[nuclear]] antigen is a marker for actively proliferation tumor cell which could be a related factor with mass bulk.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 14:00, 2 October 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ramyar Ghandriz MD[2]

Overview

Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma survival rate is not well predicted by Ann Arbor staging system. A new system was introduced based on B symptoms, Ann Arbor system, LDH level, and regional lymphadenopathy combined. Another parallel mechanism for extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma is based on tumor biologic and micro-environmental factors. High Ki-67 nuclear antigen is a marker for actively proliferation tumor cell which could be a related factor with mass bulk.

Staging

  1. group 1: No adverse factor
  2. group 2: One factor
  3. group 3: Two factors
  4. group 4: Three or more factors
Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma staging
Group Altered factors count 5 year prognosis
1 N.O. 81000 out of 100000
2 1 64000 out of 100000
3 2 34000 out of 100000
4 3/More 7000 out of 100000
  • Another parallel mechanism for extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma is based on tumor biologic and micro-environmental factors. High Ki-67 nuclear antigen is a marker for actively proliferation tumor cell which could be a related factor with mass bulk.

References


Template:WikiDoc Sources

  1. ↑ Jaffe ES, Krenacs L, Raffeld M (2003). "Classification of cytotoxic T-cell and natural killer cell lymphomas". Semin Hematol. 40 (3): 175–84. PMID 12876666.
  2. ↑ Feller AC (2003). "[Classification and differential diagnosis of NK/T-cell lymphomas]". Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol. 87: 43–52. PMID 16888893.
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