Cretinism causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Causes
Endemic Cretinism and Iodine Deficiency
Endemic cretinism arises from a diet deficient in iodine and has affected far more people worldwide and continues to be a major public health problem in many countries. Iodine is an essential trace element, necessary primarily for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Although it is found in many foods it is not universally present in all soils in adequate amounts. The soils of many inland areas on all continents are iodine deficient, and plants and animals grown there are correspondingly deficient. Populations living in those areas without outside food sources are most at risk for iodine deficiency diseases.[1]
Iodine deficiency results in the impairments of varying degrees of physical and mental development. It also causes gradual enlargement of the thyroid gland, referred to as a Goitre. It is being combatted in many countries by public health campaigns of iodine administration.
Sporadic cretinism
Sporadic cretinism is also known to occur.
References
- ↑ Epidemiology of Iodine Deficiency; Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism 3(5), 170-175, 1992