Commotio cordis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Almost all of the patients with commotio cordis will die without any proper intervention due to arrhythmia. More than two third of those with prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation/defibrillation experience a full physical recovery, while the remaining patients exhibit mild to moderate residual neurological disability or cardiac impairment during the follow-up period spanning from 1 to 20 years. Commotio cordis has a poor prognosis. However, a continuous rise of survival rates due to increasing awareness of the disease and prompt intervention is evident. | Almost all of the patients with [[commotio cordis]] will die without any proper intervention due to [[arrhythmia]]. More than two third of those with prompt [[cardiopulmonary resuscitation]]/[[defibrillation]] experience a full physical recovery, while the remaining patients exhibit mild to moderate residual [[neurological disability]] or cardiac impairment during the follow-up period spanning from 1 to 20 years. [[Commotio cordis]] has a poor prognosis. However, a continuous rise of survival rates due to increasing awareness of the disease and prompt intervention is evident. | ||
==Natural history, complications and prognosis== | ==Natural history, complications and prognosis== | ||
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===Natural history=== | ===Natural history=== | ||
Almost all of the patients with commotio cordis will die without any proper intervention due to arrhythmia. Prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation are the main interventions which increase the survival rates<ref name="pmid11879111">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maron BJ, Gohman TE, Kyle SB, Estes NA, Link MS |title=Clinical profile and spectrum of commotio cordis |journal=JAMA |volume=287 |issue=9 |pages=1142–6 |date=March 2002 |pmid=11879111 |doi=10.1001/jama.287.9.1142 |url=}}</ref>. | Almost all of the patients with [[commotio cordis]] will die without any proper intervention due to [[arrhythmia]]. Prompt [[cardiopulmonary resuscitation]] and [[defibrillation]] are the main interventions which increase the [[survival rates]]<ref name="pmid11879111">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maron BJ, Gohman TE, Kyle SB, Estes NA, Link MS |title=Clinical profile and spectrum of commotio cordis |journal=JAMA |volume=287 |issue=9 |pages=1142–6 |date=March 2002 |pmid=11879111 |doi=10.1001/jama.287.9.1142 |url=}}</ref>. | ||
===Complications=== | ===Complications=== | ||
*Generally, it is assumed that if commotio cordis is successfully treated and recovered, no further heart complications will develop in most of the cases. | *Generally, it is assumed that if [[commotio cordis]] is successfully treated and recovered, no further heart complications will develop in most of the cases. | ||
*A study demonstrated that out of the total cases of commotio cordis with particularly prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation/defibrillation, 71% experienced a full physical recovery, while the remaining 29% exhibited mild to moderate residual neurological disability or cardiac impairment (noted through a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction) during the follow-up period spanning from 1 to 20 years<ref name="pmid11879111">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maron BJ, Gohman TE, Kyle SB, Estes NA, Link MS |title=Clinical profile and spectrum of commotio cordis |journal=JAMA |volume=287 |issue=9 |pages=1142–6 |date=March 2002 |pmid=11879111 |doi=10.1001/jama.287.9.1142 |url=}}</ref>. | *A study demonstrated that out of the total cases of commotio cordis with particularly prompt [[cardiopulmonary resuscitation]]/[[defibrillation]], 71% experienced a full physical recovery, while the remaining 29% exhibited mild to moderate residual [[neurological disability]] or [[cardiac impairment]] (noted through a decrease in [[left ventricular]] [[ejection fraction]]) during the follow-up period spanning from 1 to 20 years<ref name="pmid11879111">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maron BJ, Gohman TE, Kyle SB, Estes NA, Link MS |title=Clinical profile and spectrum of commotio cordis |journal=JAMA |volume=287 |issue=9 |pages=1142–6 |date=March 2002 |pmid=11879111 |doi=10.1001/jama.287.9.1142 |url=}}</ref>. | ||
===Prognosis=== | ===Prognosis=== | ||
*Commotio cordis has a poor prognosis with only a small number of these victims surviving after immediate resuscitation. A continuous rise of survival rates due to commotio cordis is evident, shifting from 10%–15% before the year 2000 to more than 50% in 2012 l<ref name="pmid23107651">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maron BJ, Haas TS, Ahluwalia A, Garberich RF, Estes NA, Link MS |title=Increasing survival rate from commotio cordis |journal=Heart Rhythm |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=219–23 |date=February 2013 |pmid=23107651 |doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.10.034 |url=}}</ref>. | *[[Commotio cordis]] has a poor [[prognosis]] with only a small number of these victims surviving after immediate [[resuscitation]]. A continuous rise of [[survival rates]] due to [[commotio cordis]] is evident, shifting from 10%–15% before the year 2000 to more than 50% in 2012 l<ref name="pmid23107651">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maron BJ, Haas TS, Ahluwalia A, Garberich RF, Estes NA, Link MS |title=Increasing survival rate from commotio cordis |journal=Heart Rhythm |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=219–23 |date=February 2013 |pmid=23107651 |doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.10.034 |url=}}</ref>. | ||
*There is a 10 percent decline in survival rate in the first minute following the loss of consciousness. Five percent decline in survival rate in each following minute following the loss of consciousness<ref name="pmid23107651">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maron BJ, Haas TS, Ahluwalia A, Garberich RF, Estes NA, Link MS |title=Increasing survival rate from commotio cordis |journal=Heart Rhythm |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=219–23 |date=February 2013 |pmid=23107651 |doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.10.034 |url=}}</ref>. | *There is a 10 percent decline in [[survival rate]] in the first minute following the loss of [[consciousness]]. Five percent decline in [[survival rate]] in each following minute following the loss of consciousness<ref name="pmid23107651">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maron BJ, Haas TS, Ahluwalia A, Garberich RF, Estes NA, Link MS |title=Increasing survival rate from commotio cordis |journal=Heart Rhythm |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=219–23 |date=February 2013 |pmid=23107651 |doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.10.034 |url=}}</ref>. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 07:10, 29 August 2023
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maryam Hadipour, M.D.[2]
Overview
Almost all of the patients with commotio cordis will die without any proper intervention due to arrhythmia. More than two third of those with prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation/defibrillation experience a full physical recovery, while the remaining patients exhibit mild to moderate residual neurological disability or cardiac impairment during the follow-up period spanning from 1 to 20 years. Commotio cordis has a poor prognosis. However, a continuous rise of survival rates due to increasing awareness of the disease and prompt intervention is evident.
Natural history, complications and prognosis
Natural history
Almost all of the patients with commotio cordis will die without any proper intervention due to arrhythmia. Prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation are the main interventions which increase the survival rates[1].
Complications
- Generally, it is assumed that if commotio cordis is successfully treated and recovered, no further heart complications will develop in most of the cases.
- A study demonstrated that out of the total cases of commotio cordis with particularly prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation/defibrillation, 71% experienced a full physical recovery, while the remaining 29% exhibited mild to moderate residual neurological disability or cardiac impairment (noted through a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction) during the follow-up period spanning from 1 to 20 years[1].
Prognosis
- Commotio cordis has a poor prognosis with only a small number of these victims surviving after immediate resuscitation. A continuous rise of survival rates due to commotio cordis is evident, shifting from 10%–15% before the year 2000 to more than 50% in 2012 l[2].
- There is a 10 percent decline in survival rate in the first minute following the loss of consciousness. Five percent decline in survival rate in each following minute following the loss of consciousness[2].
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Maron BJ, Gohman TE, Kyle SB, Estes NA, Link MS (March 2002). "Clinical profile and spectrum of commotio cordis". JAMA. 287 (9): 1142–6. doi:10.1001/jama.287.9.1142. PMID 11879111.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Maron BJ, Haas TS, Ahluwalia A, Garberich RF, Estes NA, Link MS (February 2013). "Increasing survival rate from commotio cordis". Heart Rhythm. 10 (2): 219–23. doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.10.034. PMID 23107651.