Cirrhosis classification: Difference between revisions
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|Mixed nodular [[cirrhosis]] is also seen in Indian childhood [[cirrhosis]]. <ref name="pmid47794">{{cite journal| author=Nayak NC, Ramalingaswami V| title=Indian childhood cirrhosis. | journal=Clin Gastroenterol | year= 1975 | volume= 4 | issue= 2 | pages= 333-49 | pmid=47794 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=47794 }} </ref> | |Mixed nodular [[cirrhosis]] is also seen in Indian childhood [[cirrhosis]]. <ref name="pmid47794">{{cite journal| author=Nayak NC, Ramalingaswami V| title=Indian childhood cirrhosis. | journal=Clin Gastroenterol | year= 1975 | volume= 4 | issue= 2 | pages= 333-49 | pmid=47794 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=47794 }} </ref> | ||
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==Classification based on severity== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 17:16, 19 December 2017
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Cirrhosis Microchapters |
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Cirrhosis classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cirrhosis classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Cirrhosis classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Charmaine Patel, M.D. [2]Sudarshana Datta, MD [3]
Overview
Cirrhosis of the liver may be classified using two methods; classification based on etiology, and classification based on morphology. Currently, classifying cirrhosis based on morphology is not used, as it requires an invasive procedure to examine the gross appearance of the liver, and it provides little diagnostic value. Classifying cirrhosis according to etiology is a more acceptable form of classification, as it may be attained through non-invasive laboratory testing, and has a higher diagnostic value.
Classification Based on Etiology
Cirrhosis may be classified on the basis of etiology. This is the most widely accepted method of classification.
Alcoholic Cirrhosis
- most common cause of cirrhosis
- caused by continuous and prolonged alcohol abuse
- According to American Academy of Family Physicians, approximately 60-70 percent of all cases of cirrhosis are due to alcohol abuse
Post-Necrotic Cirrhosis
- occurs after a massive event causes liver cell death
- Viral hepatitis is the most common cause
- Agents that are toxic to the liver may also be a cause
Biliary Cirrhosis
- results from any disease that leads to biliary obstruction
- may be due to a blockage in the bile duct and inflammation
- Excess bile in the liver may cause tissue destruction, resulting in jaundice
Cardiac Cirrhosis
- caused by congestive heart failure leading to poor circulation of oxygenated blood to the liver
- Poor circulation may result in liver cell death, and subsequent replacement of dead cells by fibrous tissue.
Cirrhosis due to genetic disorders
- caused by genetic disorders such as hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, or alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.
Cirrhosis due to malnutrition
- cirrhosis caused by various forms of malnutrition, particularly chronic starvation.
Classification Based on Morphology
Cirrhosis has historically been classified upon the nodular morphology that is seen on upon the gross appearance of the liver. Accurate assessment of the liver morphology can only be obtained through surgery, biopsy, or autopsy, therefore more recently, more non-invasive means of classifying and determining the causes of cirrhosis are used.
| Micronodular | Macronodular | Mixed |
|---|---|---|
| Micronodular cirrhosis is characterized by nodules that are less than 3mm in diameter | Macronodular cirrhosis is characterized by nodules that are more than 3mm in diameter | Micronodular cirrhosis can often progress into macronodular cirrhosis. During this transformation, a mixed form of cirrhosis may be seen.[1] |
Causes:
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Causes:
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Mixed nodular cirrhosis is also seen in Indian childhood cirrhosis. [2] |
Classification based on severity
References
- ↑ Fauerholdt L, Schlichting P, Christensen E, Poulsen H, Tygstrup N, Juhl E (1983). "Conversion of micronodular cirrhosis into macronodular cirrhosis". Hepatology. 3 (6): 928–31. PMID 6629323.
- ↑ Nayak NC, Ramalingaswami V (1975). "Indian childhood cirrhosis". Clin Gastroenterol. 4 (2): 333–49. PMID 47794.