Chondrosarcoma physical examination: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
Patients with chondrosarcoma usually appear [[Fatigue|lethargic]] and emaciated. Physical examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually remarkable for palpable [[mass]], [[tenderness]] and decreased [[range of motion]].
 
==Physical Examination==
Physical examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually remarkable for [[Edema|swelling]], [[tenderness]], and decreased [[range of motion]].
 
===Appearance of the Patient===
*Patients with chondrosarcoma usually appear [[Fatigue|lethargic]] and emaciated.<ref name="pmid30559960">{{cite journal| author=Lex JR, Evans S, Stevenson JD, Parry M, Jeys LM, Grimer RJ| title=Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of the pelvis: clinical outcomes and current treatment. | journal=Clin Sarcoma Res | year= 2018 | volume= 8 | issue=  | pages= 23 | pmid=30559960 | doi=10.1186/s13569-018-0110-1 | pmc=6293503 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30559960 }} </ref>
 
===Vital Signs===
*Vital signs are generally within normal limit, but patients with [[metastasis]] may present the following vital signs:<ref name="pmid8378694">{{cite journal| author=Raymond E, L'Her P, Jeanbourquin D, Schill H, Jancovici R, Daly JP et al.| title=[Chondrosarcoma of the thoracic wall. Review of the literature apropos of 4 cases]. | journal=Rev Pneumol Clin | year= 1993 | volume= 49 | issue= 1 | pages= 19-25 | pmid=8378694 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8378694  }} </ref>
**Low-grade [[fever]]
**Decreased SPO2
**[[Tachypnea]]
**[[Tachycardia]]
**Low [[blood pressure]]
 
===Skin===
*Skin examination of patients with chondrsarcoam is usually normal, but patients with metastasis may present the following:
**[[Jaundice]]
**[[Pallor]]
 
===HEENT===
*HEENT examination of patients with chondrosarcoma include:<ref name="pmid30559960">{{cite journal| author=Lex JR, Evans S, Stevenson JD, Parry M, Jeys LM, Grimer RJ| title=Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of the pelvis: clinical outcomes and current treatment. | journal=Clin Sarcoma Res | year= 2018 | volume= 8 | issue=  | pages= 23 | pmid=30559960 | doi=10.1186/s13569-018-0110-1 | pmc=6293503 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30559960 }} </ref>
**Icteric [[sclera]]
**Palpable [[mass]] if chondrosarcoma arises from [[skull]]
**[[Tenderness]]
 
===Neck===
*Neck examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal, but patients with [[metastasis]] may present the following:
**[[Lymphadenopathy]]
 
===Lungs===
*Pulmonary examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal,  but patients with [[Metastasis|lung metastasis]] may present the following:<ref name="pmid8378694">{{cite journal| author=Raymond E, L'Her P, Jeanbourquin D, Schill H, Jancovici R, Daly JP et al.| title=[Chondrosarcoma of the thoracic wall. Review of the literature apropos of 4 cases]. | journal=Rev Pneumol Clin | year= 1993 | volume= 49 | issue= 1 | pages= 19-25 | pmid=8378694 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8378694 }} </ref>
**Decreased [[chest expansion]]
**[[Lung|Lungs]] are hyporesonant
**Decreased or absent [[breath sounds]]
 
===Heart===
*Cardiovascular examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.
 
===Abdomen===
*Abdominal examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.
 
===Back===
*Back examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal
*However, chondrosarcoma arising from [[pelvis]] may cause [[bowel obstruction]] leading to [[Tenderness (medicine)|tender]] abdomen.
 
===Genitourinary===
* Genitourinary examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.
However, chondrosarcoma arising from [[pelvis]] may cause bowel obstruction leading to [[tenderness]] in [[lower abdomen]] and [[urinary incontinence]].
 
===Neuromuscular===
*Neuromuscular examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.
 
===Extremities===
*Extremities examination of patients with chondrosarcoma includes:<ref>{{cite book | last = Peabody | first = Terrance | title = Orthopaedic oncology : primary and metastatic tumors of the skeletal system | publisher = Springer | location = Cham | year = 2014 | isbn = 9783319073224 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Czerniak | first = Bogdan | title = Dorfman and Czerniak's bone tumors | publisher = Elsevier/Saunders | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2016 | isbn = 9780323023962 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12180616">{{cite journal| author=Weber KL, Raymond AK| title=Low-grade/dedifferentiated/high-grade chondrosarcoma: a case of histological and biological progression. | journal=Iowa Orthop J | year= 2002 | volume= 22 | issue=  | pages= 75-80 | pmid=12180616 | doi= | pmc=1888368 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12180616  }} </ref>
**[[Clubbing]]
**[[Cyanosis]]
**[[Edema]]
**Palpable [[mass]]
**[[Tenderness]]
**Decreased [[range of motion]]
**Involvement of adjacent structures such as peripheral [[nerves]] or [[veins]] present as [[weakness]], [[numbness]] and [[muscle wasting]].


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 18:28, 24 January 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]

Overview

Patients with chondrosarcoma usually appear lethargic and emaciated. Physical examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually remarkable for palpable mass, tenderness and decreased range of motion.

Physical Examination

Physical examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually remarkable for swelling, tenderness, and decreased range of motion.

Appearance of the Patient

  • Patients with chondrosarcoma usually appear lethargic and emaciated.[1]

Vital Signs

Skin

  • Skin examination of patients with chondrsarcoam is usually normal, but patients with metastasis may present the following:

HEENT

Neck

  • Neck examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal, but patients with metastasis may present the following:

Lungs

Heart

  • Cardiovascular examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.

Abdomen

  • Abdominal examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.

Back

  • Back examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal
  • However, chondrosarcoma arising from pelvis may cause bowel obstruction leading to tender abdomen.

Genitourinary

  • Genitourinary examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.

However, chondrosarcoma arising from pelvis may cause bowel obstruction leading to tenderness in lower abdomen and urinary incontinence.

Neuromuscular

  • Neuromuscular examination of patients with chondrosarcoma is usually normal.

Extremities

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lex JR, Evans S, Stevenson JD, Parry M, Jeys LM, Grimer RJ (2018). "Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of the pelvis: clinical outcomes and current treatment". Clin Sarcoma Res. 8: 23. doi:10.1186/s13569-018-0110-1. PMC 6293503. PMID 30559960.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Raymond E, L'Her P, Jeanbourquin D, Schill H, Jancovici R, Daly JP; et al. (1993). "[Chondrosarcoma of the thoracic wall. Review of the literature apropos of 4 cases]". Rev Pneumol Clin. 49 (1): 19–25. PMID 8378694.
  3. ↑ Peabody, Terrance (2014). Orthopaedic oncology : primary and metastatic tumors of the skeletal system. Cham: Springer. ISBN 9783319073224.
  4. ↑ Czerniak, Bogdan (2016). Dorfman and Czerniak's bone tumors. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 9780323023962.
  5. ↑ Weber KL, Raymond AK (2002). "Low-grade/dedifferentiated/high-grade chondrosarcoma: a case of histological and biological progression". Iowa Orthop J. 22: 75–80. PMC 1888368. PMID 12180616.
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