Cholera differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
Line 9: Line 9:
* It may be difficult to differentiate cholera from other infectious causes of diarrhea specially if it is mild and in early stages.
* It may be difficult to differentiate cholera from other infectious causes of diarrhea specially if it is mild and in early stages.
* Fresh stool microscopy, stool culture, PCR and other techniques help to differentiate these conditions. Stool tests are useful, cheap and frequently used test to differentiate cholera from other infectious conditions. Other tests like PCR, serotyping though sensitive and specific, may not be performed because of the cost or non-availability at many centers.
* Fresh stool microscopy, stool culture, PCR and other techniques help to differentiate these conditions. Stool tests are useful, cheap and frequently used test to differentiate cholera from other infectious conditions. Other tests like PCR, serotyping though sensitive and specific, may not be performed because of the cost or non-availability at many centers.
====Shigella, amoebic, hemorrhagic E.coli dysentery====
====Shigella====
* Shigella has acute bloody diarrhea whereas cholera has watery diarrhea
* Shigella causes invasive diarrhea thus presents with symptoms of fever, abdominal cramp and rectal pain. These symptoms are lacking in cholera.
* Vomiting is usually absent in Shigella but is frequently seen in cholera.
====Amoebic, hemorrhagic E.coli dysentery====
* Bloody diarrhea is not found in cholera and guides to a diagnosis of dysentery
* Bloody diarrhea is not found in cholera and guides to a diagnosis of dysentery
* The volume of stool is not as high as seen with Cholera.
* The volume of stool is not as high as seen with Cholera.

Revision as of 18:46, 4 April 2012

Cholera Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Cholera from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

CT

MRI

Other diagnostic studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Case Studies

Case #1

Cholera differential diagnosis On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cholera differential diagnosis

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Cholera differential diagnosis

CDC on Cholera differential diagnosis

Cholera differential diagnosis in the news

Blogs on Cholera differential diagnosis

Directions to Hospitals Treating Cholera

Risk calculators and risk factors for Cholera differential diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2]

Overview

Patients with cholera may give a history of consumption of contaminated food or water, and travel to an endemic area. The symptoms usually develop within 24-48 hour of consumption of contaminated food. Patient presents with sudden onset, painless, odorless, rice watery large volume stool, abdominal cramps, vomiting and fever. It should be differentiated from other infectious causes of diarrhea for e.g. rotavirus, E.coli, amebic dysentry and giardiasis. It should also be differentiated from some non-infectious causes of diarrhea for e.g. VIPoma, tubulovillous adenoma and food poisoning.

Differential diagnosis

Infectious Diarrhea

  • It may be difficult to differentiate cholera from other infectious causes of diarrhea specially if it is mild and in early stages.
  • Fresh stool microscopy, stool culture, PCR and other techniques help to differentiate these conditions. Stool tests are useful, cheap and frequently used test to differentiate cholera from other infectious conditions. Other tests like PCR, serotyping though sensitive and specific, may not be performed because of the cost or non-availability at many centers.

Shigella

  • Shigella has acute bloody diarrhea whereas cholera has watery diarrhea
  • Shigella causes invasive diarrhea thus presents with symptoms of fever, abdominal cramp and rectal pain. These symptoms are lacking in cholera.
  • Vomiting is usually absent in Shigella but is frequently seen in cholera.

Amoebic, hemorrhagic E.coli dysentery

  • Bloody diarrhea is not found in cholera and guides to a diagnosis of dysentery
  • The volume of stool is not as high as seen with Cholera.

Giardiasis

  • The volume of stool is not as high as seen with Cholera.
  • Stool microscopy is used to detect eggs and parasite.
  • Stool in giardiasis produce strong odour whereas cholera usually has odourless stools.

Strongyloides

  • The volume of stool is not as high as seen with Cholera.
  • Stool microscopy is used to detect eggs and parasite.

Food poisoning

  • The volume of stool is not as high as seen with Cholera.

Non-infectious causes

VIPoma

  • Chronic history of diarrhea
  • Volume of stool is not as high as seen with Cholera.
  • Negative stool examination and culture.
  • Fasting gut hormones are confirmatory for the diagnosis.

Tubulovillous adenoma

  • Colonoscopy and biopsy are confirmatory for the diagnosis.
  • Chronic history of diarrhea
  • Volume of stool is not as high as seen with Cholera.
  • Negative stool examination and culture.

(By organ system)

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic VIPoma, Tubulovillous adenoma, Food poisoning
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Giardiasis, amoebic dysentry, E.coli, Strongyloides,
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

References


Template:WikiDoc Sources