Beta-thalassemia physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maryam Hadipour, M.D.[2]

Physical Examination

Physical findings in beta-thalassemia major may include:

• Pallor
• Hyperpigmentation due to transfusion
• Jaundice
• Hepatosplenomegaly
• Facial bone deformities
• Frontal bossing
• Long bone abnormalities
• Skull expansion with frontal, malar, and nasal bridge prominences
• Maxillary hypertrophy
• The upper maxillary expansion causes malocclusion by altering tooth spacing
• Short trunk and genu valgum
• Delayed sexual development
• low blood pressure which may indicate cardiac decompensation
• Irregular pulse due to iron-related myocardial abnormalities

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