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{{Template:Atrial septal defect}}
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{{Atrial septal defect ostium secundum}}
'''For full discussion on atrial septal defects click [[atrial septal defect|here]].'''


==Ostium secundum atrial septal defect==
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com];  '''Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [mailto:kfeeney@elon.edu]
The '''ostium secundum atrial septal defect''' is the most common type of atrial septal defect (it accounts for 60%-70% of ASDs), and comprises 6-10% of all congenital heart diseases.


The secundum atrial septal defect usually arises from an enlarged foramen ovale, inadequate growth of the septum secundum, or excessive absorption of the septum primum.  10 to 20 percent of individuals with ostium secundum ASDs also have [[mitral valve prolapse]] .<!--
==[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum overview|Overview]]==
  --><ref>{{cite journal | author = Leachman R, Cokkinos D, Cooley D | title = Association of ostium secundum atrial septal defects with mitral valve prolapse. | journal = Am J Cardiol | volume = 38 | issue = 2 | pages = 167-9 | year = 1976 | id = PMID 952260}}</ref>


Most individuals with an uncorrected secundum ASD don't have significant symptoms through early adulthood.  About 70% develop symptoms by the time they are in their 40s.  Symptoms are typically decreased exercise tolerance, easy fatigueability, [[palpitation]]s, and [[fainting|syncope]].
==[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum anatomy|Anatomy]]==


Complications of an uncorrected secundum ASD include [[pulmonary hypertension]], right-sided [[congestive heart failure|heart failure]], [[atrial fibrillation]] or [[atrial flutter|flutter]], [[cerebrovascular accident|stroke]], and [[Eisenmenger's syndrome]].
==[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


While [[pulmonary hypertension]] is unusual before 20 years of age, it is seen in 50% of individuals above the age of 40.  Progression to [[Eisenmenger's syndrome]] occurs in 5 to 10% of individuals late in the disease process.
==[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


==References==
==[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
{{reflist|2}}
 
==[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum diagnosis | Diagnosis]]==
 
[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum electrocardiogram|Electrocardigram]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum echocardiography|Echocardiography]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
 
==[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum treatment |Treatment]]==
 
[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum indications for surgical repair| Indications for Surgical Repair]] |  [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum surgical closure | Surgical Closure]] | [[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum percutaneous closure|Percutaneous Closure]]
 
==Case Studies==
[[Atrial septal defect ostium secundum case study one|Case #1]]
 
 
 
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[[CME Category::Cardiology]]


[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Congenital heart disease]]
[[Category:Congenital heart disease]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
 
[[Category:Embryology]]
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[[Category:Disease]]
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 02:10, 15 March 2016

Atrial septal defect ostium secundum Microchapters

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Overview

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology and Demographics

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Chest X Ray

Electrocardiogram

Echocardiography

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Treatment

Medical Therapy

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Case Studies

Case #1

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For full discussion on atrial septal defects click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [3]

Overview

Anatomy

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology and Demographics

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Chest X Ray | Electrocardigram | Echocardiography | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Indications for Surgical Repair | Surgical Closure | Percutaneous Closure

Case Studies

Case #1


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