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==Reversible or Modifiable Underlying Conditions Associated with Atrial Fibrillation==
==Reversible or Modifiable Underlying Conditions Associated with Atrial Fibrillation==
*Alcohol use
*[[Alcohol]] and [[alcohol withdrawal]]
*Caffeine use
*Breath spray which contains alcohol <ref name="pmid2914028">{{cite journal| author=Ridker PM, Gibson CM, Lopez R| title=Atrial fibrillation induced by breath spray. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1989 | volume= 320 | issue= 2 | pages= 124 | pmid=2914028 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>
*Electrolyte disturbances
*[[Caffeine]]
*[[Cocaine]]
*Coffee
*[[Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery]]
*Esophageal surgery
*[[Ethanol]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hypothermia]]
*[[Hypothyroidism]]
*[[Hypoxia]]
*[[Pericarditis]] and pericardial disease in general
*[[Pheochromocytoma]]
*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
*Stimulants
*Tea


==Risk Stratification==
==Risk Stratification==

Revision as of 23:17, 16 October 2011

Atrial Fibrillation Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Atrial Fibrillation from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Special Groups

Postoperative AF
Acute Myocardial Infarction
Wolff-Parkinson-White Preexcitation Syndrome
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Hyperthyroidism
Pulmonary Diseases
Pregnancy
ACS and/or PCI or valve intervention
Heart failure

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

EKG Examples
A-Fib with LBBB

Chest X Ray

Echocardiography

Holter Monitoring and Exercise Stress Testing

Cardiac MRI

Treatment

Rate and Rhythm Control

Cardioversion

Overview
Electrical Cardioversion
Pharmacological Cardioversion

Anticoagulation

Overview
Warfarin
Converting from or to Warfarin
Converting from or to Parenteral Anticoagulants
Dabigatran

Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm

Surgery

Catheter Ablation
AV Nodal Ablation
Surgical Ablation
Cardiac Surgery

Specific Patient Groups

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Supportive Trial Data

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Case Studies

Case #1

Atrial fibrillation risk factors On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Atrial fibrillation risk factors

CDC on Atrial fibrillation risk factors

Atrial fibrillation risk factors in the news

Blogs on Atrial fibrillation risk factors

Directions to Hospitals Treating Atrial fibrillation risk factors

Risk calculators and risk factors for Atrial fibrillation risk factors

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The most common cause of atrial fibrillation is atrial dilation associated with hypertension. Approximately 1/3 of patients have familial atrial fibrillation which is due to an underlying genetic disorder. Given the number of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting in the developed world, this is an increasing underlying cause of atrial fibrillation. Other general causes include the advancing age of the population this hemodynamic stress of heart failure and valvular heart disease, myocardial ischemia, a variety of inflammatory disorders, pulmonary diseases, alcohol and drug abuse, and endocrine disorders.

Reversible or Modifiable Underlying Conditions Associated with Atrial Fibrillation

Risk Stratification

Once a patient develops atrial fibrillation, their risk of subsequent events can be assessed using the following tow scores:

CHADS2 Score

CHA2DS2-VASc Score

The risk of bleeding associated with anticoagulation can be assessed using the following score:

HAS-BLED score

Reference

  1. Ridker PM, Gibson CM, Lopez R (1989). "Atrial fibrillation induced by breath spray". N Engl J Med. 320 (2): 124. PMID 2914028.

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