Atopic dermatitis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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{{Atopic dermatitis}}


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{S.S}}
 
==Overview==
The most common symptoms of atopic dermatitis include pruritus, distribution of rash on age- specific patters and dry skin. Patients often have personal or family history of asthma or allergic rhinitis.


==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
===History===
Patients with atopic dermatitis may have a positive history of:<ref name="pmid23712284">{{cite journal |vauthors=Leung DY |title=New insights into atopic dermatitis: role of skin barrier and immune dysregulation |journal=Allergol Int |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=151–61 |date=June 2013 |pmid=23712284 |doi=10.2332/allergolint.13-RAI-0564 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid97349032">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rudikoff D, Lebwohl M |title=Atopic dermatitis |journal=Lancet |volume=351 |issue=9117 |pages=1715–21 |date=June 1998 |pmid=9734903 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(97)12082-7 |url=}}</ref>
*cutaneous hyper-reactivity to diverse environmental stimuli:
**exposure to food and inhalant allergens
**changes in physical environment (including humidity, pollution etc)
**irritants
**microbial infection
**stress
* Atopic march:<ref name="pmid206748192">{{cite journal |vauthors=Spergel JM |title=From atopic dermatitis to asthma: the atopic march |journal=Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. |volume=105 |issue=2 |pages=99–106; quiz 107–9, 117 |date=August 2010 |pmid=20674819 |doi=10.1016/j.anai.2009.10.002 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16935684">{{cite journal |vauthors=Asher MI, Montefort S, Björkstén B, Lai CK, Strachan DP, Weiland SK, Williams H |title=Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys |journal=Lancet |volume=368 |issue=9537 |pages=733–43 |date=August 2006 |pmid=16935684 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69283-0 |url=}}</ref> development of clinical signs during childhood from atopic dermatitis to asthma<ref name="pmid20674819">{{cite journal |vauthors=Spergel JM |title=From atopic dermatitis to asthma: the atopic march |journal=Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. |volume=105 |issue=2 |pages=99–106; quiz 107–9, 117 |date=August 2010 |pmid=20674819 |doi=10.1016/j.anai.2009.10.002 |url=}}</ref> to allergic rhinitis
** clinical features of atopic dermatitis usually occur earlier in life
** asthma and allergic rhinitis occur later on in life.


The [[skin]] of a patient with atopic dermatitis reacts abnormally and easily to irritants, food, and environmental [[allergens]] and becomes red, flaky and very itchy. It also becomes vulnerable to surface infections caused by bacteria. The skin on the flexural surfaces of the joints (for example inner sides of elbows and knees) are most commonly affected regions in people.
===Common Symptoms===
Common symptoms of atopic dermatitis include:<ref name="DeleuranVestergaard2014">{{cite journal|last1=Deleuran|first1=M.|last2=Vestergaard|first2=C.|title=Clinical heterogeneity and differential diagnosis of atopic dermatitis|journal=British Journal of Dermatology|volume=170|year=2014|pages=2–6|issn=00070963|doi=10.1111/bjd.12933}}</ref>
*Severe pruritus - can cause sleep disturbances in children<ref name="pmid7633537">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dahl RE, Bernhisel-Broadbent J, Scanlon-Holdford S, Sampson HA, Lupo M |title=Sleep disturbances in children with atopic dermatitis |journal=Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med |volume=149 |issue=8 |pages=856–60 |date=August 1995 |pmid=7633537 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Chronic or relapsing skin lesions
*Distribution of rash on:
**Facial and extensor surfaces in infants and young children
**Flexural lichenification in older children and adults


Atopic dermatitis often occurs together with other [[atopy|atopic]] diseases like [[hay fever]], [[asthma]] and [[conjunctivitis]]. It is a familial and chronic disease and its symptoms can increase or disappear over time.  Atopic dermatitis in older children and adults is often confused with [[psoriasis]]. Atopic dermatitis afflicts humans, particularly young children; it is also a well-characterized disease in domestic dogs.
===Less Common Symptoms===
Less common symptoms of atopic dermatitis include:<ref name="pmid9734903">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rudikoff D, Lebwohl M |title=Atopic dermatitis |journal=Lancet |volume=351 |issue=9117 |pages=1715–21 |date=June 1998 |pmid=9734903 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(97)12082-7 |url=}}</ref>
* Facial pallor
* Dry skin especially in winter)
* Nonspecific dermatitis of the hands and feet
* Food intolerance
* Itch when sweating


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


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Revision as of 17:23, 3 October 2018


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shalinder Singh, M.B.B.S.[2]

Overview

The most common symptoms of atopic dermatitis include pruritus, distribution of rash on age- specific patters and dry skin. Patients often have personal or family history of asthma or allergic rhinitis.

History and Symptoms

History

Patients with atopic dermatitis may have a positive history of:[1][2]

  • cutaneous hyper-reactivity to diverse environmental stimuli:
    • exposure to food and inhalant allergens
    • changes in physical environment (including humidity, pollution etc)
    • irritants
    • microbial infection
    • stress
  • Atopic march:[3][4] development of clinical signs during childhood from atopic dermatitis to asthma[5] to allergic rhinitis
    • clinical features of atopic dermatitis usually occur earlier in life
    • asthma and allergic rhinitis occur later on in life.

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of atopic dermatitis include:[6]

  • Severe pruritus - can cause sleep disturbances in children[7]
  • Chronic or relapsing skin lesions
  • Distribution of rash on:
    • Facial and extensor surfaces in infants and young children
    • Flexural lichenification in older children and adults

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of atopic dermatitis include:[8]

  • Facial pallor
  • Dry skin especially in winter)
  • Nonspecific dermatitis of the hands and feet
  • Food intolerance
  • Itch when sweating

References

  1. ↑ Leung DY (June 2013). "New insights into atopic dermatitis: role of skin barrier and immune dysregulation". Allergol Int. 62 (2): 151–61. doi:10.2332/allergolint.13-RAI-0564. PMID 23712284.
  2. ↑ Rudikoff D, Lebwohl M (June 1998). "Atopic dermatitis". Lancet. 351 (9117): 1715–21. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(97)12082-7. PMID 9734903.
  3. ↑ Spergel JM (August 2010). "From atopic dermatitis to asthma: the atopic march". Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 105 (2): 99–106, quiz 107–9, 117. doi:10.1016/j.anai.2009.10.002. PMID 20674819.
  4. ↑ Asher MI, Montefort S, Björkstén B, Lai CK, Strachan DP, Weiland SK, Williams H (August 2006). "Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys". Lancet. 368 (9537): 733–43. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69283-0. PMID 16935684.
  5. ↑ Spergel JM (August 2010). "From atopic dermatitis to asthma: the atopic march". Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 105 (2): 99–106, quiz 107–9, 117. doi:10.1016/j.anai.2009.10.002. PMID 20674819.
  6. ↑ Deleuran, M.; Vestergaard, C. (2014). "Clinical heterogeneity and differential diagnosis of atopic dermatitis". British Journal of Dermatology. 170: 2–6. doi:10.1111/bjd.12933. ISSN 0007-0963.
  7. ↑ Dahl RE, Bernhisel-Broadbent J, Scanlon-Holdford S, Sampson HA, Lupo M (August 1995). "Sleep disturbances in children with atopic dermatitis". Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 149 (8): 856–60. PMID 7633537.
  8. ↑ Rudikoff D, Lebwohl M (June 1998). "Atopic dermatitis". Lancet. 351 (9117): 1715–21. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(97)12082-7. PMID 9734903.

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