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{{SI}}
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}
 
{{SK}} Apneusis
 
 
==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Apneustic respiration''' (a.k.a. '''apneusis''') is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep, gasping inspiration with a pause at full inspiration followed by a brief, insufficient release.
'''Apneustic respiration''' is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep, gasping inspiration with a pause at full inspiration followed by a brief, insufficient release.
 
Accompanying signs and symptoms may include [[abnormal posturing|decerebrate or decorticate posturing]]; fixed, dilated pupils; [[coma]] or profound [[stupor]]; [[quadriparesis]]; absent [[corneal reflex]]; absent [[doll's eye sign]]; negative [[oculocephalic reflex]]; and obliteration of the [[gag reflex]].  


==Causes==
==Causes==
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It can also be temporarily caused by some drugs, such as [[ketamine]].
It can also be temporarily caused by some drugs, such as [[ketamine]].
==Diagnosis==
===Physical Examination===
====Appearance====
* Accompanying signs and symptoms may include [[abnormal posturing|decerebrate or decorticate posturing]]
[[Coma]] or profound [[stupor]]
====Eyes====
* Fixed, dilated pupils
* Absent [[corneal reflex]]
* Absent [[doll's eye sign]]
* Negative [[oculocephalic reflex]]


==See also==
====Neurologic====
* Obliteration of the [[gag reflex]]
* [[Quadriparesis]];
 
==Related Chapters==
* [[Apneustic center]]
* [[Apneustic center]]


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* http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/55/3/851.pdf
* http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/55/3/851.pdf
* {{GPnotebook|912982089}}
* {{GPnotebook|912982089}}


[[Category:Abnormal respiration]]
[[Category:Abnormal respiration]]

Revision as of 13:57, 25 September 2012

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Synonyms and keywords: Apneusis

Overview

Apneustic respiration is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep, gasping inspiration with a pause at full inspiration followed by a brief, insufficient release.

Causes

It is caused by damage to the pons or upper medulla caused by strokes or trauma. Specifically, concurrent removal of input from the vagus nerve and the pneumotaxic center causes this pattern of breathing. It is an ominous sign, with a generally poor prognosis.

It can also be temporarily caused by some drugs, such as ketamine.

Diagnosis

Physical Examination

Appearance

Coma or profound stupor

Eyes

Neurologic

Related Chapters

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