Anorexia nervosa differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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{{Anorexia nervosa}}
{{Anorexia nervosa}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}
==Overview==
 
==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differentiaing Anorexia Nervosa from other Diseases==
'''Other causes of weight loss or muscle wasting must be ruled out with medical testing'''. Examples of other conditions that can cause these symptoms include:
'''Other causes of weight loss or muscle wasting must be ruled out with medical testing'''. Examples of other conditions that can cause these symptoms include:
* [[Addison's disease]]
* [[Addison's disease]]
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* [[Refeeding syndrome]]
* [[Refeeding syndrome]]
* [[Wannarexia]] — a term for people who want to be anorexic
* [[Wannarexia]] — a term for people who want to be anorexic
===Complete Differential Diagnosis of Causes of Anorexia (alphabetical):===
*[[Aciclovir]]
*[[Acute fatty liver of pregnancy]]
*[[Acute radiation syndrome]]
*[[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)]]
*[[AIDS]]
*[[Amphetamine]]
*[[Amphotericin B]]
*[[Anorexia nervosa]]
*[[Antidepressants]]
*[[Appendicitis]]
*[[Astroviridae]]
*[[Atypical pneumonia]]
*[[Benzylpiperazine]]
*[[Binge eating]]
*[[Borderline personality disorder]]
*[[Bulimia]]
*[[Calcitriol]]
*[[Carotenodermia]]
*[[Chagas disease]]
*[[Chromotherapy]]
*[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
*[[Chronic mountain sickness]]
*[[Chronic renal failure]]
*[[Clinical depression]]
*[[Cocaine]]
*[[Colorectal cancer]]
*[[Community-acquired pneumonia]]
*[[Congestive heart failure]]
*[[Craniopharyngioma]]
*[[Crohn's Disease]]
*[[Cryptosporidium parvum]]
*[[Cytauxzoonosis]]
*[[Defensive vomiting]]
*[[Dementia]]
*[[Depression]]
*[[Dextromethamphetamine ]]
*[[Dextromethylphenidate]]
*[[Diabetic nephropathy]]
*[[Diacetylmorphine]]
*[[Encephalitis]]
*[[Enfuvirtide]]
*[[Fluconazole]]
*[[Gold salts]]
*[[Hangover]]
*[[Hepatitis]]
*[[Hepatitis E]]
*High altitude
*[[Hydralazine]]
*[[Hymenolepiasis]]
*[[Hypercalcemia]]
*[[Hypervitaminosis D]]
*[[Ketorolac]]
*[[Lábrea fever]]
*[[Leptoprin]]
*[[Marbofloxacin]]
*[[Mastoiditis]]
*[[Medical cannabis]]
*[[Methylphenidate]]
*[[Milk-alkali syndrome]]
*[[Mirtazapine]]
*[[Modafinil]]
*[[Moxifloxacin]]
*[[Mumps]]
*[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
*[[Obsessive-compulsive disorder]]
*[[Opioid dependency]]
*[[Oropouche fever]]
*[[Orthorexia nervosa]]
*[[Panic disorder]]
*[[Pipradrol]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
*[[Pott's disease]]
*[[Pyrazinamide]]
*[[Relapsing fever]]
*[[Retinoid]]
*[[Rhinovirus]]
*[[Sporotrichosis]]
*[[St John's wort]]
*[[Stimulants]]
*[[Superior mesenteric artery syndrome]]
*[[Theobromine]]
*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
*[[Valaciclovir]]
*[[Vitamin A]]
*[[Ziconotide]]
*[[Zopiclone]]
===Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Anorexia (by organ system):===
{|style="width:70%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | • [[Congestive heart failure]] • [[Hypercalcemia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Chromotherapy]] • [[Retinoid]] • [[Theobromine]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Sporotrichosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Aciclovir]] • [[Amphetamine ]] • [[Amphotericin B]] • [[Antidepressants]] • [[Benzodiazepine]] • [[Benzylpiperazine]] • [[Calcitriol]] • [[Chromotherapy]] • [[Cocaine]]• [[Dextromethamphetamine]] • [[Dextromethylphenidate]]• [[Diacetylmorphine]] • [[Enfuvirtide]] • [[Fluconazole]] • [[Gold salts]] • [[Hydralazine]] • [[Ketorolac]] • [[Leptoprin]] • [[Methylphenidate]] • [[Mirtazapine]] • [[Modafinil]] • [[Moxifloxacin]] • [[Pipradrol]] • [[Pyrazinamide]] • [[St John's wort]] • [[Stimulants]] • [[Theobromine]] • [[Valaciclovir]] • [[Ziconotide]]• [[Zopiclone]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Mastoiditis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Anorexia Nervosa]] • [[Binge eating]] • [[Bulimia nervosa]] • [[Carotenodermia]] • [[Diabetic neuropathy]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Acute radiation syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Acute fatty liver of pregnancy]] • [[Anorexia nervosa]] • [[Appendicitis]] • [[Binge eating]] • [[Colorectal cancer]] • [[Crohn's Disease]] • [[Defensive vomiting]] • [[Hepatitis]] • [[Hepatitis E]] • [[Hymenolepiasis]] • [[Hypervitaminosis D]] • [[Lábrea fever]] • [[Milk-alkali syndrome]] • [[Superior mesenteric artery syndrome]] • [[Ulcerative colitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Acute fatty liver of pregnancy]] • [[Crohn's Disease]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)]] • [[AIDS]] • [[Astroviridae]] • [[Chagas disease]] • [[Community-acquired pneumonia]] • [[Cryptosporidium parvum]] • [[Encephalitis]] • [[Hepatitis]] • [[Hepatitis E]] • [[Mumps]] • [[Oropouche fever]] • [[Pneumonia]] • [[Pott's disease]] • [[Relapsing fever]] • [[Rhinovirus]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Mastoiditis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Chronic fatigue syndrome]] • [[Craniopharyngioma]] • [[Dementia]] • [[Encephalitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Acute fatty liver of pregnancy]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Chromotherapy]] • [[Colorectal cancer]] • [[Craniopharyngioma]]• [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Acute radiation syndrome]] • [[Chromotherapy]] • [[Cocaine]] • [[Gold salts]] • [[Hypervitaminosis D]] • [[Vitamin A]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|• [[Anorexia nervosa]] • [[Binge eating]] • [[Borderline personality disorder]] • [[Bulimia nervosa]] • [[Clinical depression]] • [[Defensive vomiting]] • [[Dementia]] • [[Depression]] • [[Hangover]] • [[Obsessive-compulsive disorder]] • [[Opioid dependency]] • [[Orthorexia nervosa]] • [[Panic disorder]]
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)]] • [[Atypical pneumonia]] • [[Community-acquired pneumonia]] • [[Pneumonia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Chronic renal failure]] • [[Diabetic neuropathy]]• [[Hangover]] • [[Hypercalcemia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[AIDS]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|• [[Chronic renal failure]] • [[Diabetic neuropathy]] • [[Hypercalcemia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| • [[Chronic mountain sickness]] • High altitude
|-
|}


===Diagnostic Issues and Controversies===
===Diagnostic Issues and Controversies===
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Psychiatry]]
[[Category:Eating disorders]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}

Revision as of 16:27, 14 March 2013

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Differentiaing Anorexia Nervosa from other Diseases

Other causes of weight loss or muscle wasting must be ruled out with medical testing. Examples of other conditions that can cause these symptoms include:

Diagnostic Issues and Controversies

The distinction between the diagnoses of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) is often difficult to make in practice and there is considerable overlap between patients diagnosed with these conditions. Furthermore, seemingly minor changes in a patient's overall behavior or attitude (such as reported feeling of 'control' over any bingeing behavior) can change a diagnosis from 'anorexia: binge-eating type' to bulimia nervosa. It is not unusual for a person with an eating disorder to 'move through' various diagnoses as his or her behavior and beliefs change over time.[1]

Additionally, it is important to note that an individual may still suffer from a health- or life-threatening eating disorder (e.g., subclinical anorexia nervosa or EDNOS) even if one diagnostic sign or symptom is still present. For example, a substantial number of patients diagnosed with EDNOS meet all criteria for diagnosis of anorexia nervosa, but lack the three consecutive missed menstrual cycles needed for a diagnosis of anorexia.[2]

Feminist writers such as Susie Orbach and Naomi Wolf have criticised the medicalisation of extreme dieting and weight-loss as locating the problem within the affected women, rather than in a society that imposes concepts of unreasonable and unhealthy thinness as a measure of female beauty.

References

  1. ↑ Gowers S, Bryant-Waugh R. (2004) Management of child and adolescent eating disorders: the current evidence base and future directions. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 45 (1), 63-83. PMID 14959803
  2. ↑ Lask B, and Bryant-Waugh, R (eds) (2000) Anorexia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence. Hove: Psychology Press. ISBN 0-86377-804-6.

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