Mycobacterium abscessus: Difference between revisions

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*M. abscessus and M. chelonae sequevar I share an identical sequence in the 54-510 region of 16S rRNA, However, both species can be differentiated by their hsp65 or ITS sequences  
*M. abscessus and M. chelonae sequevar I share an identical sequence in the 54-510 region of 16S rRNA, However, both species can be differentiated by their hsp65 or ITS sequences  


===Type Strain===
===Strains===
ATCC 19977 = CCUG 20993 = CIP 104536 = DSM 44196 = JCM 13569 = NCTC 13031
ATCC 19977 = CCUG 20993 = CIP 104536 = DSM 44196 = JCM 13569 = NCTC 13031
===Genetics===
A draft genome sequence of ''M. abscessus'' subsp. ''bolletii'' BD<sup>T</sup> was completed in 2012.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Choi|first=G.-E.|author2=Cho, Y.-J. |author3=Koh, W.-J. |author4=Chun, J. |author5=Cho, S.-N. |author6= Shin, S. J. |title=Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii BDT|journal=Journal of Bacteriology|date=24 April 2012|volume=194|issue=10|pages=2756–2757|doi=10.1128/JB.00354-12}}</ref> More than 25 different strains of this subspecies, including pathogenic isolates, have had their genomes sequenced.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Davidson|first=Rebecca M.|coauthors=Hasan, Nabeeh A.; de Moura, Vinicius Calado Nogueira; Duarte, Rafael Silva; Jackson, Mary; Strong, Michael|title=Phylogenomics of Brazilian epidemic isolates of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii reveals relationships of global outbreak strains|journal=Infection, Genetics and Evolution|date=December 2013|volume=20|pages=292–297|doi=10.1016/j.meegid.2013.09.012}}</ref>


==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==

Revision as of 23:21, 22 July 2014

Mycobacterium abscessus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Actinobacteria
Order: Actinomycetales
Suborder: Corynebacterineae
Family: Mycobacteriaceae
Genus: Mycobacterium
Species: M. abscessus
Binomial name
Mycobacterium abscessus
Kusonoki and Ezaki 1992 ATCC 19977

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: M. abcessus

Overview

Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that is a common water contaminant. It was until recently (1992) thought to be a subspecies of Mycobacterium chelonae. M. abcessus can cause chronic lung disease, post-traumatic wound infections, and disseminated cutaneous diseases, mostly in patients with suppressed immune systems.

Pathophysiology

Microscopy

  • Gram-positive, nonmotile and acid-fast rods (1.0-2.5µm x 0.5µm).

Colony characteristics

  • Colonies on Löwenstein-Jensen media may occur as smooth as well as rough, white or greyish and nonphotochromogenic.

Physiology

  • Growth at 28°C and 37°C after 7 days but not at 43°C.
  • On MacConkey agar at 28°C and even 37°C.
  • Tolerance to 5% NaCl and 500mg/l hydroxylamine (Ogawa egg medium) and 0.2% picrate (Sauton agar medium).
  • Positive degradation of p-aminosalicylate.
  • Production of arylsulfatase but not of nitrate reductase and Tween 80 hydrolase.
  • Negative iron uptake test. No utilisation of fructose, glucose, oxalate and citrate as sole carbon sources.

Differential characteristics

  • M. abscessus and M. chelonae can be distinguished from M. fortuitum or M. peregrinum by their failure to reduce nitrate and to take up iron.
  • Tolerance to 5% NaCl in Löwenstein-Jensen media tolerance to 0.2% picrate in Sauton agar and non-utilisation of citrate as a sole carbon source are characteristics that distinguish M. abscessus from M. chelonae.
  • M. abscessus and M. chelonae sequevar I share an identical sequence in the 54-510 region of 16S rRNA, However, both species can be differentiated by their hsp65 or ITS sequences

Strains

ATCC 19977 = CCUG 20993 = CIP 104536 = DSM 44196 = JCM 13569 = NCTC 13031

Genetics

A draft genome sequence of M. abscessus subsp. bolletii BDT was completed in 2012.[1] More than 25 different strains of this subspecies, including pathogenic isolates, have had their genomes sequenced.[2]

Risk Factors

The infection tends to occur in patients with chronic lung disease, post-traumatic wound infections, post-tympanostomy tube otitis media, and as a disseminated cutaneous diseases in patients of immune suppression.

References

  1. Choi, G.-E.; Cho, Y.-J.; Koh, W.-J.; Chun, J.; Cho, S.-N.; Shin, S. J. (24 April 2012). "Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii BDT". Journal of Bacteriology. 194 (10): 2756–2757. doi:10.1128/JB.00354-12.
  2. Davidson, Rebecca M. (December 2013). "Phylogenomics of Brazilian epidemic isolates of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii reveals relationships of global outbreak strains". Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 20: 292–297. doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2013.09.012. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help)
  • Kusunoki,S.,T. Ezaki. 1992. Proposal of Mycobacterium peregrinum sp. nov., nom. rev., and elevation of Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus (Kubica et al.) to species status: Mycobacterium abscessus comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42, 240-245.


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