Retinoblastoma classification: Difference between revisions
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Retinoblastoma may be classified into several subgroups based on the International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS).<ref name="pmid10388023">{{cite journal| author=Pratt CB, Fontanesi J, Lu X, Parham DM, Elfervig J, Meyer D| title=Proposal for a New Staging Scheme for Intraocular and Extraocular Retinoblastoma Based on an Analysis of 103 Globes. | journal=Oncologist | year= 1997 | volume= 2 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-5 | pmid=10388023 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10388023 }} </ref> <ref name="pmid15136321">{{cite journal| author=Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Demirci H, Meadows AT, Shields JA| title=Practical approach to management of retinoblastoma. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 2004 | volume= 122 | issue= 5 | pages= 729-35 | pmid=15136321 | doi=10.1001/archopht.122.5.729 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15136321 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15763190">{{cite journal| author=Linn Murphree A| title=Intraocular retinoblastoma: the case for a new group classification. | journal=Ophthalmol Clin North Am | year= 2005 | volume= 18 | issue= 1 | pages= 41-53, viii | pmid=15763190 | doi=10.1016/j.ohc.2004.11.003 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15763190 }} </ref> | Retinoblastoma may be classified into several subgroups based on the International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS).<ref name="pmid10388023">{{cite journal| author=Pratt CB, Fontanesi J, Lu X, Parham DM, Elfervig J, Meyer D| title=Proposal for a New Staging Scheme for Intraocular and Extraocular Retinoblastoma Based on an Analysis of 103 Globes. | journal=Oncologist | year= 1997 | volume= 2 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-5 | pmid=10388023 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10388023 }} </ref> <ref name="pmid15136321">{{cite journal| author=Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Demirci H, Meadows AT, Shields JA| title=Practical approach to management of retinoblastoma. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 2004 | volume= 122 | issue= 5 | pages= 729-35 | pmid=15136321 | doi=10.1001/archopht.122.5.729 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15136321 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15763190">{{cite journal| author=Linn Murphree A| title=Intraocular retinoblastoma: the case for a new group classification. | journal=Ophthalmol Clin North Am | year= 2005 | volume= 18 | issue= 1 | pages= 41-53, viii | pmid=15763190 | doi=10.1016/j.ohc.2004.11.003 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15763190 }} </ref> | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Retinoblastoma has been classified according to different classification system for variable purpuses.<ref name="pmid23787805">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chantada GL, Sampor C, Bosaleh A, Solernou V, Fandiño A, de Dávila MT |title=Comparison of staging systems for extraocular retinoblastoma: analysis of 533 patients |journal=JAMA Ophthalmol |volume=131 |issue=9 |pages=1127–34 |date=September 2013 |pmid=23787805 |doi=10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.260 |url=}}</ref><br> | |||
Each classification system has been developed depending on the change in the management of tumor.<br> | |||
* | For treatment purposes, retinoblastoma is classified to: | ||
**Extra-ocular retinoblastoma | *'''Intra-ocular retinoblastoma'''classification system includes: | ||
* | **International Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification (IIRC) | ||
**Reese-Ellsworth Classification for Intraocular Tumors | **Intraocular Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) | ||
**The cTNMH system of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) | |||
*'''Extra-ocular retinoblastoma'''classification system are such as: | |||
**International retinoblastoma staging system | |||
**cTNMH system of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) | |||
the cTNMH system has been developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC).<ref name="pmid29915471">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=TNM8: The updated TNM classification for retinoblastoma |journal=Community Eye Health |volume=31 |issue=101 |pages=34 |date=2018 |pmid=29915471 |pmc=5998398 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*The tumor classified according to the size of the primary tumor (T), lymph node involvement (N) and presence of systemic metastasis (M). | |||
*The recently edited guideline added H for retinoblastoma as the hereditary component for Rb gene. | |||
*This category also includes a pathological subgroup (pTNM) which is frequently used by the ophthalmic pathologist. | |||
*Reese-Ellsworth Classification for Intraocular Tumors | |||
*Retinoblastoma also staged according to different staging system for the purpose of treatment. | *Retinoblastoma also staged according to different staging system for the purpose of treatment. | ||
The International Classification for Intraocular Retinoblastoma, based upon the Philadelphia and Murphree systems is currently the classification being used by the Children's Oncology Group in multicenter treatment protocols.<ref name="pmid10388023">{{cite journal| author=Pratt CB, Fontanesi J, Lu X, Parham DM, Elfervig J, Meyer D| title=Proposal for a New Staging Scheme for Intraocular and Extraocular Retinoblastoma Based on an Analysis of 103 Globes. | journal=Oncologist | year= 1997 | volume= 2 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-5 | pmid=10388023 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10388023 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15136321">{{cite journal| author=Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Demirci H, Meadows AT, Shields JA| title=Practical approach to management of retinoblastoma. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 2004 | volume= 122 | issue= 5 | pages= 729-35 | pmid=15136321 | doi=10.1001/archopht.122.5.729 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15136321 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15763190">{{cite journal| author=Linn Murphree A| title=Intraocular retinoblastoma: the case for a new group classification. | journal=Ophthalmol Clin North Am | year= 2005 | volume= 18 | issue= 1 | pages= 41-53, viii | pmid=15763190 | doi=10.1016/j.ohc.2004.11.003 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15763190 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16996605">{{cite journal| author=Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Au AK, Czyz C, Leahey A, Meadows AT et al.| title=The International Classification of Retinoblastoma predicts chemoreduction success. | journal=Ophthalmology | year= 2006 | volume= 113 | issue= 12 | pages= 2276-80 | pmid=16996605 | doi=10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.06.018 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16996605 }} </ref> The goal of International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) is to reflect the likelihood of ocular survival based on modern treatment techniques such as [[chemotherapy]] and focal therapy. The International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) was developed to better predict those with intraocular retinoblastoma who are likely to be cured without the need for external-beam radiation treatment or [[enucleation]]. International retinoblastoma classification predicts the overall survival in patients with retinoblastoma.<ref name="radio"> Retinoblastoma. Radiopedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/retinoblastoma Accessed on October 10, 2015</ref> | The International Classification for Intraocular Retinoblastoma, based upon the Philadelphia and Murphree systems is currently the classification being used by the Children's Oncology Group in multicenter treatment protocols.<ref name="pmid10388023">{{cite journal| author=Pratt CB, Fontanesi J, Lu X, Parham DM, Elfervig J, Meyer D| title=Proposal for a New Staging Scheme for Intraocular and Extraocular Retinoblastoma Based on an Analysis of 103 Globes. | journal=Oncologist | year= 1997 | volume= 2 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-5 | pmid=10388023 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10388023 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15136321">{{cite journal| author=Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Demirci H, Meadows AT, Shields JA| title=Practical approach to management of retinoblastoma. | journal=Arch Ophthalmol | year= 2004 | volume= 122 | issue= 5 | pages= 729-35 | pmid=15136321 | doi=10.1001/archopht.122.5.729 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15136321 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15763190">{{cite journal| author=Linn Murphree A| title=Intraocular retinoblastoma: the case for a new group classification. | journal=Ophthalmol Clin North Am | year= 2005 | volume= 18 | issue= 1 | pages= 41-53, viii | pmid=15763190 | doi=10.1016/j.ohc.2004.11.003 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15763190 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16996605">{{cite journal| author=Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Au AK, Czyz C, Leahey A, Meadows AT et al.| title=The International Classification of Retinoblastoma predicts chemoreduction success. | journal=Ophthalmology | year= 2006 | volume= 113 | issue= 12 | pages= 2276-80 | pmid=16996605 | doi=10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.06.018 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16996605 }} </ref> The goal of International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) is to reflect the likelihood of ocular survival based on modern treatment techniques such as [[chemotherapy]] and focal therapy. The International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) was developed to better predict those with intraocular retinoblastoma who are likely to be cured without the need for external-beam radiation treatment or [[enucleation]]. International retinoblastoma classification predicts the overall survival in patients with retinoblastoma.<ref name="radio"> Retinoblastoma. Radiopedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/retinoblastoma Accessed on October 10, 2015</ref> | ||
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**Phthisis bulbi | **Phthisis bulbi | ||
|} | |} | ||
==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 19:44, 26 April 2019
Retinoblastoma Microchapters |
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Retinoblastoma classification On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]
Overview
Retinoblastoma may be classified into several subgroups based on the International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS).[1] [2][3]
Classification
Retinoblastoma has been classified according to different classification system for variable purpuses.[4]
Each classification system has been developed depending on the change in the management of tumor.
For treatment purposes, retinoblastoma is classified to:
- Intra-ocular retinoblastomaclassification system includes:
- International Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification (IIRC)
- Intraocular Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB)
- The cTNMH system of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)
- Extra-ocular retinoblastomaclassification system are such as:
- International retinoblastoma staging system
- cTNMH system of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)
the cTNMH system has been developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC).[5]
- The tumor classified according to the size of the primary tumor (T), lymph node involvement (N) and presence of systemic metastasis (M).
- The recently edited guideline added H for retinoblastoma as the hereditary component for Rb gene.
- This category also includes a pathological subgroup (pTNM) which is frequently used by the ophthalmic pathologist.
- Reese-Ellsworth Classification for Intraocular Tumors
- Retinoblastoma also staged according to different staging system for the purpose of treatment.
The International Classification for Intraocular Retinoblastoma, based upon the Philadelphia and Murphree systems is currently the classification being used by the Children's Oncology Group in multicenter treatment protocols.[1][2][3][6] The goal of International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) is to reflect the likelihood of ocular survival based on modern treatment techniques such as chemotherapy and focal therapy. The International Classification of Retinoblastoma (ICRB) was developed to better predict those with intraocular retinoblastoma who are likely to be cured without the need for external-beam radiation treatment or enucleation. International retinoblastoma classification predicts the overall survival in patients with retinoblastoma.[7]
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pratt CB, Fontanesi J, Lu X, Parham DM, Elfervig J, Meyer D (1997). "Proposal for a New Staging Scheme for Intraocular and Extraocular Retinoblastoma Based on an Analysis of 103 Globes". Oncologist. 2 (1): 1–5. PMID 10388023.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Demirci H, Meadows AT, Shields JA (2004). "Practical approach to management of retinoblastoma". Arch Ophthalmol. 122 (5): 729–35. doi:10.1001/archopht.122.5.729. PMID 15136321.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Linn Murphree A (2005). "Intraocular retinoblastoma: the case for a new group classification". Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 18 (1): 41–53, viii. doi:10.1016/j.ohc.2004.11.003. PMID 15763190.
- ↑ Chantada GL, Sampor C, Bosaleh A, Solernou V, Fandiño A, de Dávila MT (September 2013). "Comparison of staging systems for extraocular retinoblastoma: analysis of 533 patients". JAMA Ophthalmol. 131 (9): 1127–34. doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.260. PMID 23787805.
- ↑ "TNM8: The updated TNM classification for retinoblastoma". Community Eye Health. 31 (101): 34. 2018. PMC 5998398. PMID 29915471.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Au AK, Czyz C, Leahey A, Meadows AT; et al. (2006). "The International Classification of Retinoblastoma predicts chemoreduction success". Ophthalmology. 113 (12): 2276–80. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.06.018. PMID 16996605.
- ↑ Retinoblastoma. Radiopedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/retinoblastoma Accessed on October 10, 2015
- ↑ Zage PE, Reitman AJ, Seshadri R, Weinstein JL, Mets MB, Zeid JL, Greenwald MJ, Strauss LC, Goldman S (March 2008). "Outcomes of a two-drug chemotherapy regimen for intraocular retinoblastoma". Pediatr Blood Cancer. 50 (3): 567–72. doi:10.1002/pbc.21301. PMID 17729249.
- ↑ Novetsky DE, Abramson DH, Kim JW, Dunkel IJ (March 2009). "Published international classification of retinoblastoma (ICRB) definitions contain inconsistencies--an analysis of impact". Ophthalmic Genet. 30 (1): 40–4. doi:10.1080/13816810802452168. PMID 19172510.