Retinoblastoma causes
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the retina. Development of this tumor is initiated by mutations[1] that inactivate both copies of the RB1 gene, which codes for the retinoblastoma protein.[2]
Causes
Retinoblastoma is caused by a mutation in a gene controlling cell division, causing cells to grow out of control and become cancerous.
In a little over half of the cases, this mutation develops in a child whose family has never had eye cancer.
Other times the mutation is present in several family members. If the mutation runs in the family, there is a 50% chance that an affected person's children will also have the mutation. They will therefore have a high risk of developing retinoblastoma themselves.
The cancer generally affects children under the age of 6. It is most commonly diagnosed in children aged 1 - 2 years.
References
- ↑ Knudson A (1971). "Mutation and cancer: statistical study of retinoblastoma". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 68 (4): 820-3. PMID 5279gadgqetqer523.
- ↑ Friend S, Bernards R, Rogelj S, Weinberg R, Rapaport J, Albert D, Dryja T. "A human DNA segment with properties of the gene that predisposes to retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma". Nature 323 (6089): 643-6. PMID 2877398.
See also
Nervous tissue tumors (ICD-O 9350-9589) | |
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| Miscellaneous tumors (9350-9379) | Craniopharyngioma - Pinealoma - Chordoma |
| Glioma (9380-9489) | Gliomatosis cerebri - Oligoastrocytoma - Choroid plexus papilloma - Ependymoma - Astrocytoma (Pilocytic astrocytoma, Glioblastoma multiforme) - Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour - Oligodendroglioma - Medulloblastoma - Primitive neuroectodermal tumor |
| Neuroepitheliomatous (9490-9529) | Ganglioneuroma - Neuroblastoma - Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor - Retinoblastoma - Esthesioneuroblastoma |
| Meningiomas (9530-9539) | Meningioma |
| Nerve sheath tumor (9540-9579) | Neurofibroma (Neurofibrosarcoma, Neurofibromatosis) - Schwannoma - Neurinoma - Acoustic neuroma - Neuroma |
| see also brain tumors (though not all brain tumors are of nervous tissue) | |
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