Growth hormone deficiency physical examination: Difference between revisions

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===Appearance of the Patient===
===Appearance of the Patient===
*Patients with growth hormone deficiency usually look tired and less energetic than normal subjects of the same age with infantile with doll-like body shape. In adults, increased lean [[body mass]] causes [[weight gain]], especially around the [[waist]].<ref name="pmid25070016">{{cite journal| author=Fukuda I, Hizuka N, Muraoka T, Ichihara A| title=Adult growth hormone deficiency: current concepts. | journal=Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) | year= 2014 | volume= 54 | issue= 8 | pages= 599-605 | pmid=25070016 | doi= | pmc=4533495 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25070016  }}</ref>  
*Children with growth hormone deficiency usually look tired and less energetic than normal subjects of the same age with infantile doll-like body shape.
*In adults, increased lean [[body mass]] causes [[weight gain]], especially around the [[waist]].<ref name="pmid25070016">{{cite journal| author=Fukuda I, Hizuka N, Muraoka T, Ichihara A| title=Adult growth hormone deficiency: current concepts. | journal=Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) | year= 2014 | volume= 54 | issue= 8 | pages= 599-605 | pmid=25070016 | doi= | pmc=4533495 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25070016  }}</ref>  


=== Back ===
=== Back ===
* [[Osteoporosis]] and tenderness of the [[Lumbar spine|lumbar spines]] are higher in patients compared with normal subjects.<ref name="pmid22157400">{{cite journal| author=Stanley T| title=Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in childhood. | journal=Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes | year= 2012 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 47-52 | pmid=22157400 | doi=10.1097/MED.0b013e32834ec952 | pmc=3279941 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22157400  }}</ref>
* [[Osteoporosis]] and tenderness of the [[Lumbar spine|lumbar spine]] are higher in patients compared with normal subjects.<ref name="pmid22157400">{{cite journal| author=Stanley T| title=Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in childhood. | journal=Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes | year= 2012 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 47-52 | pmid=22157400 | doi=10.1097/MED.0b013e32834ec952 | pmc=3279941 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22157400  }}</ref>


===Vital Signs===
===Vital Signs===


*[[Hypothermia]] may be present especially if associated with [[hypothyroidism]].
*[[Hypothermia]] associated with [[hypothyroidism]]


===Skin===
===Skin===
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===HEENT===
===HEENT===
* Head may include infantile facies, delayed [[Dentition|dentition,]] and brittle hair.
* Infantile facies
* Delayed [[Dentition|dentition]]
* Brittle hair.


===Neck===
===Neck===
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===Abdomen===
===Abdomen===
*[[Abdominal distention]] due to increased [[Body mass|lean body mass]]
*[[Abdominal distention]]


===Genitourinary===
===Genitourinary===

Latest revision as of 20:21, 26 October 2017

Growth hormone deficiency Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]

Overview

Patients with growth hormone deficiency usually look tired and less energetic than normal subjects. Extremities show Clubbing, muscle atrophy, neonatal jaundice, neonatal cyanosis. Head may show infantile facies, delayed dentition, and brittle hair. Children may show hyporeflexia and delayed puberty.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

  • Children with growth hormone deficiency usually look tired and less energetic than normal subjects of the same age with infantile doll-like body shape.
  • In adults, increased lean body mass causes weight gain, especially around the waist.[1]

Back

Vital Signs

Skin

HEENT

  • Infantile facies
  • Delayed dentition
  • Brittle hair.

Neck

Abdomen

Genitourinary

Neuromuscular

Extremities

References

  1. Fukuda I, Hizuka N, Muraoka T, Ichihara A (2014). "Adult growth hormone deficiency: current concepts". Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 54 (8): 599–605. PMC 4533495. PMID 25070016.
  2. Stanley T (2012). "Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in childhood". Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 19 (1): 47–52. doi:10.1097/MED.0b013e32834ec952. PMC 3279941. PMID 22157400.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Nielsen J, Jensen RB, Afdeling AJ (2015). "[Growth hormone deficiency in children]". Ugeskr Laeger. 177 (26): 1260–3. PMID 26550626.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Chinoy A, Murray PG (2016). "Diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in the paediatric and transitional age". Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 30 (6): 737–747. doi:10.1016/j.beem.2016.11.002. PMID 27974187.

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