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==Overview==
==Overview==
Delayed [[puberty]] may be caused by [[endocrine|endocrinologic]] or [[genetic]] causes. The most common [[endocrine|endocrinologic]] causes of delayed [[puberty]] are [[hypothalamus]]-[[pituitary]]-[[gonadal]] (HPG) axis disorders. The most common [[genetic]] causes of delayed [[puberty]] is [[Kallmann syndrome]]. There are various genes that may be related to delayed [[puberty]], among which the [[kisspeptin]] system genes (KISS1 and KISS1R) are the most important [[genes]].
Delayed [[puberty]] may be caused by [[endocrine|endocrinologic]] or [[genetic]] causes. The most common [[endocrine|endocrinologic]] causes of delayed [[puberty]] are [[hypothalamus]]-[[pituitary]]-[[gonadal]] (HPG) axis disorders. The most common [[genetic]] cause of delayed [[puberty]] is [[Kallmann syndrome]]. There are various genes that may be related to delayed [[puberty]], among which the [[kisspeptin]] system genes (KISS1 and KISS1R) are the most important [[genes]].
==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life-threatening Causes===
===Life-threatening Causes===
*Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent [[disability]] within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of delayed [[puberty]], however complications resulting from untreated delayed [[puberty]] are common.
*Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent [[disability]] within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of delayed [[puberty]], however, complications resulting from untreated delayed [[puberty]] are common.
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
Delayed [[puberty]] may be caused by:<ref name="PalmertDunkel2012">{{cite journal|last1=Palmert|first1=Mark R.|last2=Dunkel|first2=Leo|title=Delayed Puberty|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=366|issue=5|year=2012|pages=443–453|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMcp1109290}}</ref>
Delayed [[puberty]] may be caused by:<ref name="PalmertDunkel2012">{{cite journal|last1=Palmert|first1=Mark R.|last2=Dunkel|first2=Leo|title=Delayed Puberty|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=366|issue=5|year=2012|pages=443–453|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMcp1109290}}</ref>

Revision as of 15:33, 2 October 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Overview

Delayed puberty may be caused by endocrinologic or genetic causes. The most common endocrinologic causes of delayed puberty are hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis disorders. The most common genetic cause of delayed puberty is Kallmann syndrome. There are various genes that may be related to delayed puberty, among which the kisspeptin system genes (KISS1 and KISS1R) are the most important genes.

Causes

Life-threatening Causes

  • Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of delayed puberty, however, complications resulting from untreated delayed puberty are common.

Common Causes

Delayed puberty may be caused by:[1]

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of disease name are including:[1]

Genetic Causes

Delayed puberty is caused by a mutation in the following genes:[2]

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular CHARGE syndrome
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Chemotherapy
Ear Nose Throat Mumps, Rathke pouch cyst, CHARGE syndrome, Septo-optic dysplasia
Endocrine Isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) Axis development disorder, Diabetes mellitus, Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, Androgen insensitivity, Sertoli cell only syndrome (Del Castillo syndrome), Craniopharyngioma, Prolactinoma, Prader-Willi syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, CHARGE syndrome, Congenital hypopituitarism, Hypothyroidism, Hyperprolactinemia, Growth hormone deficiency, Cushing syndrome
Environmental Excessive exercise, Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy
Gastroenterologic Inflammatory bowel disease, Celiac disease
Genetic Turner syndrome, Kallmann syndrome, Cystic fibrosis, Noonan syndrome, Fragile X premutation, Vanishing testes syndrome, Galactosemia, 5-alpha reductase deficiency, 17,20-lyase deficiency, Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, Androgen insensitivity, Sertoli cell only syndrome (Del Castillo syndrome), Prader-Willi syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Gaucher disease
Hematologic Sickle cell disease, Thalassemia, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Hemosiderosis, AIDS
Iatrogenic Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy
Infectious Disease Mumps, Coxsackie virus, AIDS
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Neurologic Astrocytoma, Glioma, Post central nervous system infection
Nutritional/Metabolic Malnutrition, Obesity, 5-alpha reductase deficiency, Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia
Obstetric/Gynecologic Hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) Axis development disorder, Isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Oncologic Astrocytoma, Germinoma, Glioma, Craniopharyngioma, Prolactinoma
Ophthalmologic Bardet-Biedl syndrome, CHARGE syndrome, Septo-optic dysplasia
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia
Pulmonary Asthma, Cystic fibrosis
Renal/Electrolyte Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, Chronic renal disease
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Autoimmune oophiritis, Autoimmune orchitis, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Sexual AIDS
Trauma Testicular trauma
Urologic Cryptorchidism, Testicular torsion, Gonadal dysgenesis, Vanishing testes syndrome, Germinoma, CHARGE syndrome
Miscellaneous Excessive exercise

Causes in Alphabetical Order

List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.

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3

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Palmert, Mark R.; Dunkel, Leo (2012). "Delayed Puberty". New England Journal of Medicine. 366 (5): 443–453. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1109290. ISSN 0028-4793.
  2. Bonomi M, Libri DV, Guizzardi F, Guarducci E, Maiolo E, Pignatti E, Asci R, Persani L (2012). "New understandings of the genetic basis of isolated idiopathic central hypogonadism". Asian J. Androl. 14 (1): 49–56. doi:10.1038/aja.2011.68. PMC 3735150. PMID 22138902.

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