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==Synopsis== | ==Synopsis== | ||
===Symptoms=== | ===Symptoms and Examination=== | ||
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Revision as of 16:40, 16 January 2017
Vaginitis
Overview
Vulvovaginitis is a common condition for which women seek medical care accounting for approximately 10 million office visits every year. It is defined as symptoms that cause itching, irritation, burning and abnormal vaginal discharge. The three common causes of vaginal discharge in reproductive age group include: most common being Bacterial Vaginosis followed by Candida vulvovaginitis and Trichomoniasis.
Synopsis
Symptoms and Examination
Disease | Symptoms | Examination Findings | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Discharge | Dysuria | Vaginal odor | Dyspareunia | Genital skin lesion | Genital pruritus | ||
Candida Vulvovaginitis | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔✔ |
|
Bacterial Vaginosis | ✔ | ✔ | — | — | — |
| |
Trichomoniasis | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | — | ✔ |
|
Atrophic Vaginitis | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
|
Aerobic Vaginitis | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | — | ✔ |
|
Chlamydia | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | — | ✔ | ||
Gonnorrhea | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | — | — |
|
Diagnosis and Treatment
Disease | Investigation | Diagnostic Approach | Treatment | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | Saline Wet mount preparation | Gold Standard test | |||
Candida Vulvovaginitis | Normal | Hyphae and pseudohyphae can be demonstrated | Culture |
|
|
Bacterial Vaginosis | >4.5 | Clue cells are demonstrated | Gram Stain to determine the relative concentration of lactobacilli, G. vaginalis, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, peptostreptococci and Mobiluncus |
Amsel’s criteria: Presence of three out of four criteria is required to make the diagnosis of BV
|
|
Trichomoniasis | Normal |
|
Nucleic acid amplification test(NAAT) |
|
|
Atrophic Vaginitis | Normal | Vaginal smear cytology shows increased parabasal cells | Leftward shift of the vaginal maturation index |
|
|
Aerobic Vaginitis | Increased
>6 |
Numerous leukocytes are present | No gold standard confirmative test but excessive growth of aerobes on culture helps in diagnosis when the vaginal smear findings are indeterminate | Microscopic diagnosis is made by Lactobacillus grade( LBG) and the severity is scored based on number of leucocytes, proportion of toxic leucocytes and parabasl epitheliocytes, and background flora |
|
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Miller KE (2006). "Diagnosis and treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis infection". Am Fam Physician. 73 (8): 1411–6. PMID 16669564.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Chlamydia CDC Fact Sheet. CDC.http://www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/stdfact-chlamydia-detailed.htm#_ENREF_3. Accessed on January 11, 2016