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{{Distal radius fracture}} | {{Distal radius fracture}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Rohan}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Rohan}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
In 3000 B.C., ancient Egyptian case reports within the Edwin Smith Papyrus described about the distal radius fracture. In 1814, Abraham Colles published his landmark treatise on distal radius fracture that led to his eponymous reward. In the 1850s, plaster of Paris gained popularity in Europe as the solidifying agent in casting techniques. The first case of using x-rays for clinical diagnosis of distal radius fracture was published in Lancet in 1896. In 1908, Lister described the use of a percutaneously placed wire through the radial styloid to maintain reduction. The first two case reports using internal fixation in the distal radius were published in the literature in 1958. In the 1970s, Kapandji introduced the concept of intrafocal pinning of the fracture site as a means to buttress the distal segment. | In 3000 B.C., ancient Egyptian case reports within the Edwin Smith Papyrus described about the [[distal radius fracture]]. In 1814, Abraham [[Colles' fracture|Colles]] published his landmark treatise on [[distal radius fracture]] that led to his eponymous reward. In the 1850s, plaster of Paris gained popularity in Europe as the solidifying agent in [[casting]] techniques. The first case of using [[x-rays]] for clinical diagnosis of [[distal radius fracture]] was published in Lancet in 1896. In 1908, Lister described the use of a percutaneously placed wire through the [[Radial styloid process|radial styloid]] to maintain reduction. The first two case reports using internal fixation in the [[distal radius]] were published in the literature in 1958. In the 1970s, Kapandji introduced the concept of intrafocal pinning of the [[fracture]] site as a means to buttress the distal segment. | ||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
===Discovery=== | ===Discovery=== | ||
*In 3000 B.C., ancient Egyptian case reports within the Edwin Smith Papyrus described about the distal radius fracture.<ref>Breasted JH. The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus. Special ed. The Classics of Medicine Library; Birmingham, Ala.: 1984.</ref> | *In 3000 B.C., ancient Egyptian case reports within the Edwin Smith Papyrus described about the [[distal radius fracture]].<ref>Breasted JH. The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus. Special ed. The Classics of Medicine Library; Birmingham, Ala.: 1984.</ref> | ||
*In 490 BC, Hippocrates described distal radius fracture and its mechanism of injury for the first time.<ref>Hippocrates, Adams F, Sydenham Society . The genuine works of Hippocrates. Printed for the Sydenham Society; London: 1849.</ref> | *In 490 BC, [[Hippocrates]] described [[distal radius fracture]] and its mechanism of injury for the first time.<ref>Hippocrates, Adams F, Sydenham Society . The genuine works of Hippocrates. Printed for the Sydenham Society; London: 1849.</ref> | ||
*In 1814, Abraham Colles published his landmark treatise on distal radius fracture that led to his eponymous reward.<ref name="pmid16601406">{{cite journal| author=Colles A| title=On the fracture of the carpal extremity of the radius. Edinb Med Surg J. 1814;10:181. | journal=Clin Orthop Relat Res | year= 2006 | volume= 445 | issue= | pages= 5-7 | pmid=16601406 | doi=10.1097/01.BLO.000020589575491.a8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16601406 }} </ref> | *In 1814, Abraham [[Colles' fracture|Colles]] published his landmark treatise on [[distal radius fracture]] that led to his eponymous reward.<ref name="pmid16601406">{{cite journal| author=Colles A| title=On the fracture of the carpal extremity of the radius. Edinb Med Surg J. 1814;10:181. | journal=Clin Orthop Relat Res | year= 2006 | volume= 445 | issue= | pages= 5-7 | pmid=16601406 | doi=10.1097/01.BLO.000020589575491.a8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16601406 }} </ref> | ||
*In the 1850s, plaster of Paris gained popularity in Europe as the solidifying agent in casting techniques.<ref>Jones R, Lodge O. The discovery of a bullet lost in the wrist by the means of Roentgen rays. Lancet. 1896;1:476–7.</ref> | *In the 1850s, plaster of Paris gained popularity in Europe as the solidifying agent in casting techniques.<ref>Jones R, Lodge O. The discovery of a bullet lost in the wrist by the means of Roentgen rays. Lancet. 1896;1:476–7.</ref> | ||
* In 1895, Wilhelm Röntgen published his work on x-rays and questioned the conservative management of distal radius fracture.<ref>Peltier LF. Fractures : a history and iconography of their treatment. Norman Pub.; San Francisco: 1990.</ref> | * In 1895, Wilhelm Röntgen published his work on [[x-rays]] and questioned the conservative management of [[distal radius fracture]].<ref>Peltier LF. Fractures : a history and iconography of their treatment. Norman Pub.; San Francisco: 1990.</ref> | ||
==Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies== | ==Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies== | ||
*In 3000 B.C., ancient Egyptian case reports within the Edwin Smith Papyrus described management of distal radius fracture by splinting using wood and rolls of linen, which were subsequently hardened with grease and honey to maintain their position.<ref>Breasted JH. The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus. Special ed. The Classics of Medicine Library; Birmingham, Ala.: 1984.</ref> | *In 3000 B.C., ancient Egyptian case reports within the Edwin Smith Papyrus described management of [[distal radius fracture]] by splinting using wood and rolls of linen, which were subsequently hardened with grease and honey to maintain their position.<ref>Breasted JH. The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus. Special ed. The Classics of Medicine Library; Birmingham, Ala.: 1984.</ref> | ||
*In 490 BC, Hippocrates described distal radius fracture and its mechanism of injury for the first time.<ref>Hippocrates, Adams F, Sydenham Society . The genuine works of Hippocrates. Printed for the Sydenham Society; London: 1849.</ref> | *In 490 BC, [[Hippocrates]] described [[distal radius fracture]] and its mechanism of injury for the first time.<ref>Hippocrates, Adams F, Sydenham Society . The genuine works of Hippocrates. Printed for the Sydenham Society; London: 1849.</ref> | ||
*In 18th century, Petit and Pouteau first theorized that Hippocrates had failed to fully conceptualize the injury he was describing and treating.<ref name="pmid6378480">{{cite journal| author=Peltier LF| title=Fractures of the distal end of the radius. An historical account. | journal=Clin Orthop Relat Res | year= 1984 | volume= | issue= 187 | pages= 18-22 | pmid=6378480 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6378480 }} </ref> | *In 18th century, Petit and Pouteau first theorized that [[Hippocrates]] had failed to fully conceptualize the injury he was describing and treating.<ref name="pmid6378480">{{cite journal| author=Peltier LF| title=Fractures of the distal end of the radius. An historical account. | journal=Clin Orthop Relat Res | year= 1984 | volume= | issue= 187 | pages= 18-22 | pmid=6378480 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6378480 }} </ref> | ||
*In 1814, Abraham Colles described how to reduce the injury and suggested the importance of immobilization with a wooden splint to prevent the wrist from falling into dorsal displacement.<ref name="pmid16601406">{{cite journal| author=Colles A| title=On the fracture of the carpal extremity of the radius. Edinb Med Surg J. 1814;10:181. | journal=Clin Orthop Relat Res | year= 2006 | volume= 445 | issue= | pages= 5-7 | pmid=16601406 | doi=10.1097/01.BLO.000020589575491.a8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16601406 }} </ref> | *In 1814, Abraham [[Colles' fracture|Colles]] described how to reduce the injury and suggested the importance of immobilization with a wooden splint to prevent the wrist from falling into dorsal displacement.<ref name="pmid16601406">{{cite journal| author=Colles A| title=On the fracture of the carpal extremity of the radius. Edinb Med Surg J. 1814;10:181. | journal=Clin Orthop Relat Res | year= 2006 | volume= 445 | issue= | pages= 5-7 | pmid=16601406 | doi=10.1097/01.BLO.000020589575491.a8 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16601406 }} </ref> | ||
*In the 1850s, plaster of Paris gained popularity in Europe as the solidifying agent in casting techniques.<ref>Rang M. The story of orthopaedics. W.B. Saunders; Philadelphia: 2000.</ref> | *In the 1850s, plaster of Paris gained popularity in Europe as the solidifying agent in casting techniques.<ref>Rang M. The story of orthopaedics. W.B. Saunders; Philadelphia: 2000.</ref> | ||
*In 1896, the first case of using x-rays for clinical diagnosis of distal radius fracture was published in Lancet.<ref>Jones R, Lodge O. The discovery of a bullet lost in the wrist by the means of Roentgen rays. Lancet. 1896;1:476–7.</ref> | *In 1896, the first case of using [[x-rays]] for clinical diagnosis of distal radius fracture was published in [[Lancet]].<ref>Jones R, Lodge O. The discovery of a bullet lost in the wrist by the means of Roentgen rays. Lancet. 1896;1:476–7.</ref> | ||
*In 1908, Lister described the use of a percutaneously placed wire through the radial styloid to maintain reduction.<ref name="pmid14946217">{{cite journal| author=DePALMA AF| title=Comminuted fractures of the distal end of the radius treated by ulnar pinning. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | year= 1952 | volume= 24 A | issue= 3 | pages= 651-62 | pmid=14946217 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14946217 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8479726">{{cite journal| author=Rayhack JM| title=The history and evolution of percutaneous pinning of displaced distal radius fractures. | journal=Orthop Clin North Am | year= 1993 | volume= 24 | issue= 2 | pages= 287-300 | pmid=8479726 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8479726 }} </ref> | *In 1908, Lister described the use of a percutaneously placed wire through the [[Radial styloid process|radial styloid]] to maintain reduction.<ref name="pmid14946217">{{cite journal| author=DePALMA AF| title=Comminuted fractures of the distal end of the radius treated by ulnar pinning. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | year= 1952 | volume= 24 A | issue= 3 | pages= 651-62 | pmid=14946217 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14946217 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8479726">{{cite journal| author=Rayhack JM| title=The history and evolution of percutaneous pinning of displaced distal radius fractures. | journal=Orthop Clin North Am | year= 1993 | volume= 24 | issue= 2 | pages= 287-300 | pmid=8479726 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8479726 }} </ref> | ||
*In 20th century, Lorenz Böhler introduced the use of pins with plaster to treat distal radius fracture.<ref>Bohler L. Treatment of Fractures. Wilhelm Maudrich; Vienna: 1929</ref> | *In 20th century, Lorenz Böhler introduced the use of pins with plaster to treat [[distal radius fracture]].<ref>Bohler L. Treatment of Fractures. Wilhelm Maudrich; Vienna: 1929</ref> | ||
*In 20th century, Donald Murray described the use of an adhesive traction device to maintain radial length during the consolidation phase of bony union.<ref>Murray D. Treatment of fractures of the carpal end of the radius by traction. Am J Surg. 1938;44:135–8.</ref> | *In 20th century, Donald Murray described the use of an adhesive [[Traction (orthopedics)|traction]] device to maintain radial length during the consolidation phase of bony union.<ref>Murray D. Treatment of fractures of the carpal end of the radius by traction. Am J Surg. 1938;44:135–8.</ref> | ||
*In 1944, Anderson and O'Neil's introduced their initial design of external fixator for management for distal radius fracture.<ref>Anderson R, O'Neil G. Comminuted fractures of the distal end of the radius. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics. 1944;78:434–40.</ref> | *In 1944, Anderson and O'Neil's introduced their initial design of external fixator for management for [[distal radius fracture]].<ref>Anderson R, O'Neil G. Comminuted fractures of the distal end of the radius. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics. 1944;78:434–40.</ref> | ||
*In 1958, the first two case reports using internal fixation in the distal radius were published in the literature.<ref name="pmid13808510">{{cite journal| author=CAUCHOIX J, DUPARC J, POTEL M| title=[Anterior marginal fracture-dislocations of the radius]. | journal=Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot | year= 1960 | volume= 46 | issue= | pages= 233-45 | pmid=13808510 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13808510 }} </ref><ref name="pmid5846774">{{cite journal| author=Ellis J| title=Smith's and Barton's fractures. A method of treatment. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Br | year= 1965 | volume= 47 | issue= 4 | pages= 724-7 | pmid=5846774 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=5846774 }} </ref> | *In 1958, the first two case reports using internal fixation in the [[distal radius]] were published in the literature.<ref name="pmid13808510">{{cite journal| author=CAUCHOIX J, DUPARC J, POTEL M| title=[Anterior marginal fracture-dislocations of the radius]. | journal=Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot | year= 1960 | volume= 46 | issue= | pages= 233-45 | pmid=13808510 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13808510 }} </ref><ref name="pmid5846774">{{cite journal| author=Ellis J| title=Smith's and Barton's fractures. A method of treatment. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Br | year= 1965 | volume= 47 | issue= 4 | pages= 724-7 | pmid=5846774 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=5846774 }} </ref> | ||
*In the 1970s, Kapandji introduced the concept of intrafocal pinning of the fracture site as a means to buttress the distal segment.<ref name="pmid8479727">{{cite journal| author=Greatting MD, Bishop AT| title=Intrafocal (Kapandji) pinning of unstable fractures of the distal radius. | journal=Orthop Clin North Am | year= 1993 | volume= 24 | issue= 2 | pages= 301-7 | pmid=8479727 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8479727 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1008457">{{cite journal| author=Kapandji A| title=[Internal fixation by double intrafocal plate. Functional treatment of non articular fractures of the lower end of the radius (author's transl)]. | journal=Ann Chir | year= 1976 | volume= 30 | issue= 11-12 | pages= 903-8 | pmid=1008457 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1008457 }} </ref> | *In the 1970s, Kapandji introduced the concept of intrafocal pinning of the [[Bone fracture|fracture]] site as a means to buttress the distal segment.<ref name="pmid8479727">{{cite journal| author=Greatting MD, Bishop AT| title=Intrafocal (Kapandji) pinning of unstable fractures of the distal radius. | journal=Orthop Clin North Am | year= 1993 | volume= 24 | issue= 2 | pages= 301-7 | pmid=8479727 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8479727 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1008457">{{cite journal| author=Kapandji A| title=[Internal fixation by double intrafocal plate. Functional treatment of non articular fractures of the lower end of the radius (author's transl)]. | journal=Ann Chir | year= 1976 | volume= 30 | issue= 11-12 | pages= 903-8 | pmid=1008457 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1008457 }} </ref> | ||
*In the 1990s, Pi and Forte plates which were dorsally applied became popular, but fell quickly out of favor due to the frequent tendon irritations.<ref name="pmid9330133">{{cite journal| author=Ring D, Jupiter JB, Brennwald J, Büchler U, Hastings H| title=Prospective multicenter trial of a plate for dorsal fixation of distal radius fractures. | journal=J Hand Surg Am | year= 1997 | volume= 22 | issue= 5 | pages= 777-84 | pmid=9330133 | doi=10.1016/S0363-5023(97)80069-X | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9330133 }} </ref><ref name="pmid14563804">{{cite journal| author=Rozental TD, Beredjiklian PK, Bozentka DJ| title=Functional outcome and complications following two types of dorsal plating for unstable fractures of the distal part of the radius. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | year= 2003 | volume= 85-A | issue= 10 | pages= 1956-60 | pmid=14563804 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14563804 }} </ref> | *In the 1990s, Pi and Forte plates which were [[Dorsum (biology)|dorsally]] applied became popular, but fell quickly out of favor due to the frequent [[tendon]] irritations.<ref name="pmid9330133">{{cite journal| author=Ring D, Jupiter JB, Brennwald J, Büchler U, Hastings H| title=Prospective multicenter trial of a plate for dorsal fixation of distal radius fractures. | journal=J Hand Surg Am | year= 1997 | volume= 22 | issue= 5 | pages= 777-84 | pmid=9330133 | doi=10.1016/S0363-5023(97)80069-X | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9330133 }} </ref><ref name="pmid14563804">{{cite journal| author=Rozental TD, Beredjiklian PK, Bozentka DJ| title=Functional outcome and complications following two types of dorsal plating for unstable fractures of the distal part of the radius. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | year= 2003 | volume= 85-A | issue= 10 | pages= 1956-60 | pmid=14563804 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14563804 }} </ref> | ||
*Over the last decade, volar locking plates have taken hold as the implant of choice, and operative fixation of distal radius fracture to an all time high.<ref name="pmid19651943">{{cite journal| author=Chung KC, Shauver MJ, Birkmeyer JD| title=Trends in the United States in the treatment of distal radial fractures in the elderly. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | year= 2009 | volume= 91 | issue= 8 | pages= 1868-73 | pmid=19651943 | doi=10.2106/JBJS.H.01297 | pmc=2714808 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19651943 }} </ref><ref name="pmid14641927">{{cite journal| author=Handoll HH, Madhok R| title=From evidence to best practice in the management of fractures of the distal radius in adults: working towards a research agenda. | journal=BMC Musculoskelet Disord | year= 2003 | volume= 4 | issue= | pages= 27 | pmid=14641927 | doi=10.1186/1471-2474-4-27 | pmc=317324 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14641927 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18656749">{{cite journal| author=Chung KC, Squitieri L, Kim HM| title=Comparative outcomes study using the volar locking plating system for distal radius fractures in both young adults and adults older than 60 years. | journal=J Hand Surg Am | year= 2008 | volume= 33 | issue= 6 | pages= 809-19 | pmid=18656749 | doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.02.016 | pmc=4386628 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18656749 }} </ref> | *Over the last decade, [[volar]] locking plates have taken hold as the implant of choice, and [[Surgery|operative fixation]] of [[distal radius fracture]] to an all time high.<ref name="pmid19651943">{{cite journal| author=Chung KC, Shauver MJ, Birkmeyer JD| title=Trends in the United States in the treatment of distal radial fractures in the elderly. | journal=J Bone Joint Surg Am | year= 2009 | volume= 91 | issue= 8 | pages= 1868-73 | pmid=19651943 | doi=10.2106/JBJS.H.01297 | pmc=2714808 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19651943 }} </ref><ref name="pmid14641927">{{cite journal| author=Handoll HH, Madhok R| title=From evidence to best practice in the management of fractures of the distal radius in adults: working towards a research agenda. | journal=BMC Musculoskelet Disord | year= 2003 | volume= 4 | issue= | pages= 27 | pmid=14641927 | doi=10.1186/1471-2474-4-27 | pmc=317324 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14641927 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18656749">{{cite journal| author=Chung KC, Squitieri L, Kim HM| title=Comparative outcomes study using the volar locking plating system for distal radius fractures in both young adults and adults older than 60 years. | journal=J Hand Surg Am | year= 2008 | volume= 33 | issue= 6 | pages= 809-19 | pmid=18656749 | doi=10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.02.016 | pmc=4386628 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18656749 }} </ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category:Needs content]] | [[Category:Needs content]] | ||
[[Category:Orthopedics]] | [[Category:Orthopedics]] | ||
[[Category:Orthopedic surgery]] | [[Category:Orthopedic surgery]] | ||
[[Category:Fractures]] | [[Category:Fractures]] | ||
[[Category:Bone fractures]] | [[Category:Bone fractures]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:25, 29 July 2020
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Distal radius fracture Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Distal radius fracture historical perspective On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Distal radius fracture historical perspective |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Distal radius fracture historical perspective |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
In 3000 B.C., ancient Egyptian case reports within the Edwin Smith Papyrus described about the distal radius fracture. In 1814, Abraham Colles published his landmark treatise on distal radius fracture that led to his eponymous reward. In the 1850s, plaster of Paris gained popularity in Europe as the solidifying agent in casting techniques. The first case of using x-rays for clinical diagnosis of distal radius fracture was published in Lancet in 1896. In 1908, Lister described the use of a percutaneously placed wire through the radial styloid to maintain reduction. The first two case reports using internal fixation in the distal radius were published in the literature in 1958. In the 1970s, Kapandji introduced the concept of intrafocal pinning of the fracture site as a means to buttress the distal segment.
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- In 3000 B.C., ancient Egyptian case reports within the Edwin Smith Papyrus described about the distal radius fracture.[1]
- In 490 BC, Hippocrates described distal radius fracture and its mechanism of injury for the first time.[2]
- In 1814, Abraham Colles published his landmark treatise on distal radius fracture that led to his eponymous reward.[3]
- In the 1850s, plaster of Paris gained popularity in Europe as the solidifying agent in casting techniques.[4]
- In 1895, Wilhelm Röntgen published his work on x-rays and questioned the conservative management of distal radius fracture.[5]
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- In 3000 B.C., ancient Egyptian case reports within the Edwin Smith Papyrus described management of distal radius fracture by splinting using wood and rolls of linen, which were subsequently hardened with grease and honey to maintain their position.[6]
- In 490 BC, Hippocrates described distal radius fracture and its mechanism of injury for the first time.[7]
- In 18th century, Petit and Pouteau first theorized that Hippocrates had failed to fully conceptualize the injury he was describing and treating.[8]
- In 1814, Abraham Colles described how to reduce the injury and suggested the importance of immobilization with a wooden splint to prevent the wrist from falling into dorsal displacement.[3]
- In the 1850s, plaster of Paris gained popularity in Europe as the solidifying agent in casting techniques.[9]
- In 1896, the first case of using x-rays for clinical diagnosis of distal radius fracture was published in Lancet.[10]
- In 1908, Lister described the use of a percutaneously placed wire through the radial styloid to maintain reduction.[11][12]
- In 20th century, Lorenz Böhler introduced the use of pins with plaster to treat distal radius fracture.[13]
- In 20th century, Donald Murray described the use of an adhesive traction device to maintain radial length during the consolidation phase of bony union.[14]
- In 1944, Anderson and O'Neil's introduced their initial design of external fixator for management for distal radius fracture.[15]
- In 1958, the first two case reports using internal fixation in the distal radius were published in the literature.[16][17]
- In the 1970s, Kapandji introduced the concept of intrafocal pinning of the fracture site as a means to buttress the distal segment.[18][19]
- In the 1990s, Pi and Forte plates which were dorsally applied became popular, but fell quickly out of favor due to the frequent tendon irritations.[20][21]
- Over the last decade, volar locking plates have taken hold as the implant of choice, and operative fixation of distal radius fracture to an all time high.[22][23][24]
References
- ↑ Breasted JH. The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus. Special ed. The Classics of Medicine Library; Birmingham, Ala.: 1984.
- ↑ Hippocrates, Adams F, Sydenham Society . The genuine works of Hippocrates. Printed for the Sydenham Society; London: 1849.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Colles A (2006). "On the fracture of the carpal extremity of the radius. Edinb Med Surg J. 1814;10:181". Clin Orthop Relat Res. 445: 5–7. doi:10.1097/01.BLO.000020589575491.a8. PMID 16601406.
- ↑ Jones R, Lodge O. The discovery of a bullet lost in the wrist by the means of Roentgen rays. Lancet. 1896;1:476–7.
- ↑ Peltier LF. Fractures : a history and iconography of their treatment. Norman Pub.; San Francisco: 1990.
- ↑ Breasted JH. The Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus. Special ed. The Classics of Medicine Library; Birmingham, Ala.: 1984.
- ↑ Hippocrates, Adams F, Sydenham Society . The genuine works of Hippocrates. Printed for the Sydenham Society; London: 1849.
- ↑ Peltier LF (1984). "Fractures of the distal end of the radius. An historical account". Clin Orthop Relat Res (187): 18–22. PMID 6378480.
- ↑ Rang M. The story of orthopaedics. W.B. Saunders; Philadelphia: 2000.
- ↑ Jones R, Lodge O. The discovery of a bullet lost in the wrist by the means of Roentgen rays. Lancet. 1896;1:476–7.
- ↑ DePALMA AF (1952). "Comminuted fractures of the distal end of the radius treated by ulnar pinning". J Bone Joint Surg Am. 24 A (3): 651–62. PMID 14946217.
- ↑ Rayhack JM (1993). "The history and evolution of percutaneous pinning of displaced distal radius fractures". Orthop Clin North Am. 24 (2): 287–300. PMID 8479726.
- ↑ Bohler L. Treatment of Fractures. Wilhelm Maudrich; Vienna: 1929
- ↑ Murray D. Treatment of fractures of the carpal end of the radius by traction. Am J Surg. 1938;44:135–8.
- ↑ Anderson R, O'Neil G. Comminuted fractures of the distal end of the radius. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics. 1944;78:434–40.
- ↑ CAUCHOIX J, DUPARC J, POTEL M (1960). "[Anterior marginal fracture-dislocations of the radius]". Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. 46: 233–45. PMID 13808510.
- ↑ Ellis J (1965). "Smith's and Barton's fractures. A method of treatment". J Bone Joint Surg Br. 47 (4): 724–7. PMID 5846774.
- ↑ Greatting MD, Bishop AT (1993). "Intrafocal (Kapandji) pinning of unstable fractures of the distal radius". Orthop Clin North Am. 24 (2): 301–7. PMID 8479727.
- ↑ Kapandji A (1976). "[Internal fixation by double intrafocal plate. Functional treatment of non articular fractures of the lower end of the radius (author's transl)]". Ann Chir. 30 (11–12): 903–8. PMID 1008457.
- ↑ Ring D, Jupiter JB, Brennwald J, Büchler U, Hastings H (1997). "Prospective multicenter trial of a plate for dorsal fixation of distal radius fractures". J Hand Surg Am. 22 (5): 777–84. doi:10.1016/S0363-5023(97)80069-X. PMID 9330133.
- ↑ Rozental TD, Beredjiklian PK, Bozentka DJ (2003). "Functional outcome and complications following two types of dorsal plating for unstable fractures of the distal part of the radius". J Bone Joint Surg Am. 85-A (10): 1956–60. PMID 14563804.
- ↑ Chung KC, Shauver MJ, Birkmeyer JD (2009). "Trends in the United States in the treatment of distal radial fractures in the elderly". J Bone Joint Surg Am. 91 (8): 1868–73. doi:10.2106/JBJS.H.01297. PMC 2714808. PMID 19651943.
- ↑ Handoll HH, Madhok R (2003). "From evidence to best practice in the management of fractures of the distal radius in adults: working towards a research agenda". BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 4: 27. doi:10.1186/1471-2474-4-27. PMC 317324. PMID 14641927.
- ↑ Chung KC, Squitieri L, Kim HM (2008). "Comparative outcomes study using the volar locking plating system for distal radius fractures in both young adults and adults older than 60 years". J Hand Surg Am. 33 (6): 809–19. doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.02.016. PMC 4386628. PMID 18656749.