Urethral syndrome

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Urethral syndrome Classification and external resources
ICD-10	N34.3
ICD-9	597.81
eMedicine	med/3081

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Urethral syndrome is defined as 'symptoms suggestive of a lower tract urinary infection but in the absence of significant bacteruria with a conventional pathogen. There are other non-infective causes that should be considered such as trauma, allergies, and anatomical features like diverticula and post surgical scarring.

Presentation

Most women will give a history of chronic recurrent UTIs but the cultures seem to not show any conventional bacterial growth, and pyuria (more than 5 WBC per HPF) is absent. There may also be a history of these episodes often being related to sexual intercourse.

It is not fair to say that urethral syndrome is not due to infection because many physicians believe that it is due to a low grade infection of the Skene's glands on the sides and bottom of the urethra. At least symptoms often respond to antibiotics. The Skene's glands are embryologically related to the prostate gland in the male, thus urethral syndrome may almost be a type of chronic prostatitis in a woman.

Treatment

Treatment of acute urethral syndrome is antibiotics just the same as treatment for a UTI. For chronic urethral syndrome a long term, low dose antibiotic treatment is given on a continuous basis or after intercourse each time if that seems to be prominent in relationship to symptoms occurring.

See also

• Interstitial cystitis
• Prostatitis

External links

• Hamilton-Miller J. "The urethral syndrome and its management.". J Antimicrob Chemother 33 Suppl A: 63-73. PMID 7928838.

v • d • e Urinary system - Pathology - Nephrology (N00-N39, 580-599)
Diseases of the glomerulus	Glomerulonephritis - Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis - Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis - Membranous glomerulonephritis - Nephritic syndrome - Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis - Nephrotic syndrome (Minimal change disease) - IgA nephropathy - Lupus nephritis - Diabetic nephropathy - Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Tubulointerstitial diseases of the kidney	Interstitial nephritis - Pyelonephritis - Hydronephrosis - Pyonephrosis - Balkan nephropathy - Reflux nephropathy
Renal failure	Acute renal failure (Acute tubular necrosis) - Chronic renal failure
Urolithiasis	Kidney stone - Renal colic
Diseases of the renal tubule and other disorders of kidney and ureter	Renal osteodystrophy - Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus - Renal tubular acidosis - Nephroptosis - Ureterocele - Abderhalden-Kaufmann-Lignac syndrome - Gitelman syndrome
Other diseases and disorders of urinary system	urinary bladder: Cystitis (Interstitial cystitis, Trigonitis) - Neurogenic bladder - Vesicointestinal fistula urethra: Urethritis (Non-gonococcal urethritis) - Urethral syndrome - Urethral stricture Urinary tract infection
Tumors of the kidney	Renal cell carcinoma - Wilms' tumor (children)
See also congenital conditions (Q60-Q64, 753)

v • d • e WikiDoc Research Resources for Urethral syndrome (Click show to right to view)
Articles on Urethral syndrome	Most recent articles on Urethral syndrome • Most cited articles on Urethral syndrome • Review articles on Urethral syndrome • Articles on Urethral syndrome in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Urethral syndrome	Powerpoint slides on Urethral syndrome • Images of Urethral syndrome • Photos of Urethral syndrome • Podcasts & MP3s on Urethral syndrome • Videos on Urethral syndrome
Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Urethral syndrome	Cochrane Collaboration on Urethral syndrome • Bandolier on Urethral syndrome • TRIP on Urethral syndrome
Cost Effectiveness of Urethral syndrome	Cost Effectiveness of Urethral syndrome
Clinical Trials Involving Urethral syndrome	Ongoing Trials on Urethral syndrome at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Urethral syndrome • Clinical Trials on Urethral syndrome at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Urethral syndrome	US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Urethral syndrome • NICE Guidance on Urethral syndrome • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Urethral syndrome • CDC on Urethral syndrome
Textbook Information on Urethral syndrome	Books and Textbook Information on Urethral syndrome
Pharmacology Resources on Urethral syndrome	Dosing of Urethral syndrome • Drug interactions with Urethral syndrome • Side effects of Urethral syndrome • Allergic reactions to Urethral syndrome • Overdose information on Urethral syndrome • Carcinogenicity information on Urethral syndrome • Urethral syndrome in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Urethral syndrome •
Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Urethral syndrome	Genetics of Urethral syndrome • Pharmacogenomics of Urethral syndrome • Proteomics of Urethral syndrome
Newstories on Urethral syndrome	Urethral syndrome in the news • Be alerted to news on Urethral syndrome • News trends on Urethral syndrome
Commentary on Urethral syndrome	Blogs on Urethral syndrome
Patient Resources on Urethral syndrome	Patient resources on Urethral syndrome • Discussion groups on Urethral syndrome • Patient Handouts on Urethral syndrome • Directions to Hospitals Treating Urethral syndrome • Risk calculators and risk factors for Urethral syndrome
Healthcare Provider Resources on Urethral syndrome	Symptoms of Urethral syndrome • Causes & Risk Factors for Urethral syndrome • Diagnostic studies for Urethral syndrome • Treatment of Urethral syndrome
Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Urethral syndrome	CME Programs on Urethral syndrome
International Resources on Urethral syndrome	Urethral syndrome en Espanol • Urethral syndrome en Francais
Business Resources on Urethral syndrome	Urethral syndrome in the Marketplace • Patents on Urethral syndrome
Informatics Resources on Urethral syndrome	List of terms related to Urethral syndrome

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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content

Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .