Tibial nerve
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| Nerve: Tibial nerve | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Plan of sacral and pudendal plexuses. (Tibial nerve labeled at center left.) | |
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| Nerves of the right lower extremity Posterior view. | |
| Latin | n. tibialis |
| Gray's | subject #213 960 |
| Innervates | Medial: abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, first lumbrical Lateral: quadratus plantae, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallucis, the interossei, three lumbricals. and abductor digiti minimi |
| From | sacral plexus via sciatic nerve |
| To | medial plantar nerve, lateral plantar nerve |
| MeSH | Tibial+Nerve |
| Dorlands / Elsevier | n_05/12566929 |
The tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve passes through the popliteal fossa to pass below the arch of soleus.
In the popliteal fossa the nerve gives off branches to gastrocnemius, popliteus, soleus and plantaris muscles, an articular branch to the knee joint, and a cutaneous branch that will become the sural nerve. The sural nerve is joined by fibers from the common peroneal nerve and runs down the calf to supply the lateral side of the foot.
Below the soleus muscle the nerve lies close to the tibia and supplies the tibialis posterior, the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus. The nerve passes into the foot below the medial malleolus. Here it is bound down by the flexor retinaculum in company with the posterior tibial artery.
Branches
In the foot, the nerve divides into medial and lateral plantar branches.
Medial plantar nerve
The medial plantar nerve supplies: the abductor hallucis, the flexor digitorum brevis, the flexor hallucis brevis and the first lumbrical. Cutaneous distribution of the medial planter nerve is to the medial sole and medial three and one half toes, including the nail beds on the dorsum (like the median nerve in the hand).
Lateral plantar nerve
The lateral plantar nerve supplies quadratus plantae, flexor digiti minimi, adductor hallucis, the interossei, three lumbricals. and abductor digiti minimi. Cutaneous innervation is to the lateral sole and lateral one and one half toes (like the ulnar nerve).
Additional images
 Cross-section through middle of leg. |
 Diagram of the segmental distribution of the cutaneous nerves of the right lower extremity. Posterior view. |
 Diagram of the segmental distribution of the cutaneous nerves of the sole of the foot. |
External links
- Duke Orthopedics tibial_nerve
- Image - upper, at comcast.net
- Image - lower, at southfloridasportsmedicine.com
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
