Thrombocytopenia medical therapy

Thrombocytopenia Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Thrombocytopenia from other Diseases
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Thrombocytopenia medical therapy On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Thrombocytopenia medical therapy All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Thrombocytopenia medical therapy
CDC on Thrombocytopenia medical therapy
Thrombocytopenia medical therapy in the news
Blogs on Thrombocytopenia medical therapy
Directions to Hospitals Treating Thrombocytopenia
Risk calculators and risk factors for Thrombocytopenia medical therapy

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]

Overview

The treatment of thrombocytopenia depends on the underlying cause.

Treatment

Supportive measures

• Platelet transfusion

Treatment of the underlying cause

• Viral
  • Anti-viral medications
  • Hydration and supportive measures

• Drug-induced
  • Discontinuation of the offending agent
  • Antidote for the offendating agents

• Thrombotic microangiopathy
  • Plasma exchange
  • Fresh frozen plasma

• Sepsis
  • Antibacterial agents
  • Antiviral agents
  • Antifungal agents

• Pseudothrombocytopenia
  • Use of calcium citrate instead of EDTA during blood collection

• Immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP)
  • Corticosteroids: These medications can take up to 48 hours to take effect. Steroids are first-line therapy for ITP. Adverse effects include infection, muscle loss, adipose deposition, cataracts, glaucoma, and Cushing's syndrome.
  • Intravenous immunoglobulin: This medication has an immediate effect, typically within hours. IV immunoglobulin is first-line therapy for ITP.
  • Rituximab: This is a monoclonal antibody that targets CD20 on B cells and eliminates antibody-producing B cells. It is used as second-line therapy. Adverse effects include infections, hepatitis B reactivation, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
  • Fostamatinib: This is a spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitor that functions by blocking signaling through the Fc receptor in B cells. Adverse effects include hypertension, hepatotoxicity, diarrhea, and neutropenia.
  • Eltrombopag: This is a TPO receptor agonist and is third-line therapy. Liver tests must be monitored while taking eltrombopag. It can cause thrombosis.
  • Romiplostim: This is a TPO receptor agonist and is third-line therapy. It can cause thrombosis.