Template:Infobox carbon

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6 boron ← carbon → nitrogen - ↑ C ↓ Si Periodic table - Extended periodic table
General
Name, symbol, number	carbon, C, 6
Chemical series	nonmetals
Group, period, block	14, 2, p
Appearance	black (graphite) colorless (diamond)
Standard atomic weight	12.0107(8) g·mol−1
Electron configuration	1s2 2s2 2p2
Electrons per shell	2, 4
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	(graphite) 2.267 g·cm−3
Density (near r.t.)	(diamond) 3.513 g·cm−3
Melting point	? triple point, ca. 10 MPa and (4300–4700) K (4027–4427  °C, 7280–8000 °F)
Boiling point	? subl. ca. 4000 K (3727 °C, 6740 °F)
Heat of fusion	(graphite) ? 100 kJ·mol−1
Heat of fusion	(diamond) ? 120 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	? 355.8 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) (graphite) 8.517 J·mol−1·K−1
Heat capacity	(25 °C) (diamond) 6.115 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure (graphite) P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K   2839 3048 3289 3572 3908
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	hexagonal
Oxidation states	4, 2 (mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	2.55 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st: 1086.5 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 2352.6 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 4620.5 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	70 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	67 pm
Covalent radius	77 pm
Van der Waals radius	170 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) (graphite) (119–165) W·m−1·K−1
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) (diamond) (900–2320) W·m−1·K−1
Thermal diffusivity	(300 K) (diamond) (503–1300) mm²/s
Mohs hardness	(graphite) 1-2
Mohs hardness	(diamond) 10.0
CAS registry number	7440-44-0
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of carbon iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 12C 98.9% C is stable with 6 neutrons 13C 1.1% C is stable with 7 neutrons 14C trace 5730 y beta- 0.156 14N
References
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