Rhinitis
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| Rhinitis Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | J00., J30., J31.0 |
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| ICD-9 | 472.0 |
| DiseasesDB | 26380 |
| MeSH | D012220 |
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Ongoing Trials on Rhinitis at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Rhinitis at Google
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Rhinitis
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Rhinitis Risk calculators and risk factors for Rhinitis
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Causes & Risk Factors for Rhinitis | |
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See also hay fever or seasonal rhinitis or nasopharyngeal rhinitis or the common cold.
Overview
Rhinitis is the medical term describing irritation and inflammation of some internal areas of the nose. The primary symptom of rhinitis is a runny nose. It is caused by chronic or acute inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose due to viruses, bacteria or irritants. The inflammation results in the generating of excessive amounts of mucus producing a runny nose, nasal congestion and post-nasal drip. According to recent studies completed in the United States, more than fifty millon Americans are current sufferers. Rhinitis has also been found to adversely affect more than just the nose, throat, and eyes. It has been associated with sleeping problems, problems with the ears, and even been linked to learning problems.
Rhinitis is caused by an increase in histamine. This increase is likely caused by airborne allergens. These allergens may affect an individual's nose, throat, or eyes and cause an increase in fluid production within these areas.
Types
There are two types of Rhinitis that the general population may suffer from: allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis. Rhinitis is considered IgE-mediated when the sufferer is classified as having allergic rhinitis.
Common causes
Some of the most common causes that may bring about the presence of rhinitis include:
- Food Reactions
- Emotional
- Occupational
- Hormonal
- Anatomic Defects
- Immunodeficiency diseases
- Ciliary dyskinesia
- Animal Interraction
Testing for rhinitis
For assessing the possibility of allergies, skin testing, when possible, is the preferred method in comparison with various in vitro tests because it is more sensitive and specific, simpler to use, and less expensive [1] [2]
The typical method of diagnosis and monitoring of allergic rhinitis is skin testing, also known as "scratch testing" and "prick testing" due to the series of pricks and/or scratches made into the patient's skin. Small amounts of suspected allergens and/or their extracts (pollen, grass, mite proteins, peanut extract, etc.) are introduced to sites on the skin marked with pen or dye. The allergens are either injected intradermally or into small scratches made into the patient's skin, often with a small plastic device. Common areas for testing include the inside forearm and the back.
Testing can be either single antigen or multiple antigen testing. Both test the skin for effects of different substances.
Treatment
The management of rhinitis is mainly medical. Treatment for seasonal rhinitis is only needed during the appropriate time of the year. Current treatments include:
- Antihistamine pills and sprays
- Leukotriene antagonists
- Nasal corticosteroid sprays
- Decongestant pills or sprays
- Nasal obstruction in perennial rhinitis may be treated by surgery.
See also
Other sources
- Wein, M. (2006). Conn's Current Therapy 2006, 58th edition. Chapter on Allergic Rhinitis, Saunders, 932-939. ISBN 1416023763.
References
- ↑ http://www.mayoclinicproceedings.com/inside.asp?AID=3978&UID=
- ↑ Ten, R (1995). "Allergy Skin Testing". Mayo Clin Proc 5 (70): 783-4. pmid 7630219.
External links
- American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
- Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America
- American Board of Allergy – ABAI establishes qualifications and examines physicians to become recognized specialists in allergy and immunology in the USA
- HouseDustMite-org-uk
- [3]
- [4]
- [5]
WikiDoc Research Resources for Rhinitis | |
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| Articles on Rhinitis | Most recent articles on Rhinitis • Most cited articles on Rhinitis • Review articles on Rhinitis • Articles on Rhinitis in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ |
| Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Rhinitis | Powerpoint slides on Rhinitis • Images of Rhinitis • Photos of Rhinitis • Podcasts & MP3s on Rhinitis • Videos on Rhinitis |
| Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Rhinitis | Cochrane Collaboration on Rhinitis • Bandolier on Rhinitis • TRIP on Rhinitis |
| Cost Effectiveness of Rhinitis | Cost Effectiveness of Rhinitis |
| Clinical Trials Involving Rhinitis | Ongoing Trials on Rhinitis at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Rhinitis • Clinical Trials on Rhinitis at Google |
| Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Rhinitis | US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Rhinitis • NICE Guidance on Rhinitis • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Rhinitis • CDC on Rhinitis |
| Textbook Information on Rhinitis | Books and Textbook Information on Rhinitis |
| Pharmacology Resources on Rhinitis | Dosing of Rhinitis • Drug interactions with Rhinitis • Side effects of Rhinitis • Allergic reactions to Rhinitis • Overdose information on Rhinitis • Carcinogenicity information on Rhinitis • Rhinitis in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Rhinitis • |
| Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Rhinitis | Genetics of Rhinitis • Pharmacogenomics of Rhinitis • Proteomics of Rhinitis |
| Newstories on Rhinitis | Rhinitis in the news • Be alerted to news on Rhinitis • News trends on Rhinitis |
| Commentary on Rhinitis | Blogs on Rhinitis |
| Patient Resources on Rhinitis | Patient resources on Rhinitis • Discussion groups on Rhinitis • Patient Handouts on Rhinitis • Directions to Hospitals Treating Rhinitis • Risk calculators and risk factors for Rhinitis |
| Healthcare Provider Resources on Rhinitis | Symptoms of Rhinitis • Causes & Risk Factors for Rhinitis • Diagnostic studies for Rhinitis • Treatment of Rhinitis |
| Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Rhinitis | CME Programs on Rhinitis |
| International Resources on Rhinitis | Rhinitis en Espanol • Rhinitis en Francais |
| Business Resources on Rhinitis | Rhinitis in the Marketplace • Patents on Rhinitis |
| Informatics Resources on Rhinitis | List of terms related to Rhinitis |
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
