Protostome
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| Protostomes Fossil range: Ediacaran - Recent | ||||||||
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| Image:Caribbean reef squid.jpg Caribbean Reef Squid, an example of Protostome
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Overview
Protostomia (from the Greek: mouth first) are a taxon of animals. Together with the deuterostomes and a few smaller phyla, they make up the Bilateria, mostly comprising animals with bilateral symmetry and three germ layers. The major distinctions between deuterostomes and protostomes are found in embryonic development. In protostome development, the first opening in development, the blastopore, becomes the animal's mouth. In deuterostome development, the blastopore becomes the animal's anus. Within the Protostomes a number of phylums undergo what is known as spiral cleavage which is determinate, meaning that the fate of the cells is determined as they are formed. This is in contrast to deuterostomes which have radial cleavage that is indeterminate.
Protostomes are schizocoelomates, meaning a solid mass of the embryonic mesoderm splits to form a coelom. Deuterostomes are enterocoelous, meaning the folds of the archenteron form the coelom.
Current molecular data suggest that protostome animals can be divided into three major groups:
- Ecdysozoa, e.g. arthropods, nematodes
- Platyzoa, e.g. platyhelminthes, gastrotrichs
- Lophotrochozoa, e.g. molluscs, annelids
as well as a number of minor taxa of basal or ambiguous affinity.
ar:أوليات الفم ca:Protòstom cs:Prvoústí de:Urmünder et:Esmassuusedeo:Prabuŝulo fr:Protostomia hr:Protostomia it:Protostomia hu:Ősszájúak nl:Protostomia ja:旧口動物 no:Protostomier oc:Protostomiask:Prvoústovce fi:Alkusuiset vi:Động vật miệng nguyên sinh
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
