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The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are fatty acids which contains more than one double bond.
Methylene Interrupted Polyenes
These fatty acids have 2 or more cis double bonds which are separated from each other by a single methylene group.
Methylene- interrupted double bonds
| -C-C=C-C-C=C-
|
The essential fatty acids comprise the omega-3 and -6 methylene-interrupted fatty acids. See more at Essential fatty acids—Nomenclature
Omega-3
| Common name
| Lipid name
| Chemical name
| Omega-3 fatty acids
|
| 16:3 (n-3)
| all-cis 7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic acid
|
| Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)
| 18:3 (n-3)
| all-cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid
|
| Stearidonic acid
| 18:4 (n-3)
| all-cis-6,9,12,15,-octadecatetraenoic acid
|
| Eicosatetraenoic acid
| 20:4 (n-3)
| all-cis-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid
|
| Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
| 20:5 (n-3)
| all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid
|
| Clupanodonic acid (DPA)
| 22:5 (n-3)
| all-cis-7,10,13,16,19-docosapentaenoic
|
| Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
| 22:6 (n-3)
| all-cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid
|
|
| 24:5 (n-3)
| all-cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid
|
| Nisinic acid
| 24:6 (n-3)
| all-cis-6,9,12,15,18,21-tetracosenoic acid
|
Omega-6
| Common name
| Lipid name
| Chemical name
| Omega-6 fatty acids
| Linoleic acid
| 18:2 (n-6)
| all-cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid
|
| Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA)
| 18:3 (n-6)
| all-cis-6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid
|
| Eicosadienoic acid
| 20:2 (n-6)
| all-cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid
|
| Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA)
| 20:3 (n-6)
| all-cis-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid
|
| Arachidonic acid (AA)
| 20:4 (n-6)
| all-cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
|
| Docosadienoic acid
| 22:2 (n-6)
| all-cis-13,16-docosadienoic acid
|
| Adrenic acid
| 22:4 (n-6)
| all-cis-7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid
|
| Docosapentaenoic acid (Osbond acid)
| 22:5 (n-6)
| all-cis-4,7,10,13,16-docosapentaenoic acid
|
Omega-9
Conjugated fatty acids
| Common name
| Lipid name
| Chemical name
| Conjugated fatty acids have two or more conjugated double bonds
| Conjugated Linoleic Acids (two conjugated double bonds)
|
| Rumenic acid
| 18:2 (n-7)
| 9Z,11E-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid
|
|
| 18:2 (n-6)
| 10E,12Z-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid
|
| Conjugated Linolenic Acids (three conjugated double bonds)
|
| α-Calendic acid
| 18:3 (n-6)
| 8E,10E,12Z-octadecatrienoic acid
|
| β-Calendic acid
| 18:3 (n-6)
| 8E,10E,12E-octadecatrienoic acid
|
| Jacaric acid
| 18:3 (n-6)
| 8E,10Z,12E-octadecatrienoic acid
|
| α-Eleostearic acid
| 18:3 (n-5)
| 9E,11E,13Z-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid
|
| β-Eleostearic acid
| 18:3 (n-5)
| 9E,11E,13E-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid
|
| Catalpic acid
| 18:3 (n-5)
| 9Z,11Z,13E-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid
|
| Punicic acid
| 18:3 (n-5)
| 9E,11Z,13E-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid
|
| Other
|
| Rumelenic acid
| 18:3 (n-3)
| 9E,11Z,15E-octadeca-9,11,15-trienoic acid
|
| α-Parinaric acid
| 18:4 (n-3)
| 9E,11Z,13Z,15E-octadeca-9,11,13,15-trienoic acid
|
| β-Parinaric acid
| 18:4 (n-3)
| all trans-octadeca-9,11,13,15-trienoic acid
|
| Bosseopentaenoic acid
| 20:5 (n-6)
| 5Z,8Z,10E,12E,14Z-eicosanoic acid
|
Function and effects
The biological effects of the ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids are largely mediated by their mutual interactions, see Essential fatty acid interactions for detail.
See also
References
- Heinz (1983). "Similarities and Differences in Lipid Metabolism of Chloroplasts Isolated from 18:3 and 16:3 Plants". Plant Physiol 72 (2): 273-279. PMID 16662992.
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
