Pneumocyte
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The alveoli are lined with two types of cell, the Type I and Type II pneumocytes.
Type I
The Type I pneumocyte is a very large, thin cell stretched over a very large area. This cell cannot replicate and is susceptible to a large number of toxic insults. Type I pneumocytes are responsible for gas exchange occurring in the alveoli.
Type II
The Type II granular pneumocyte is a roughly cuboidal cell that is usually found at the alveolar septal junctions. Type II cells cover about 5% of the surface area of the alveoli, whereas type I pneumocytes (because of their squamous shape) cover 95% of the total area. Even though they cover less surface area, type II cells greatly outnumber type I cells. Type II cells are responsible for the production and secretion of surfactant.
The Type II pneumocyte can replicate in the alveoli and will replicate to replace damaged Type I pneumocytes.
Type II pneumocytes are larger than type I pneumocytes.
See also
External links
- p_25/12650572 at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- Histology at KUMC resp-resp17 - "Alveoli"
- Histology at BU 13905loa
- Electron micrograph at luc.edu
- Electron micrographs at buffalo.edu
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
