Pneumatocele
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A pneumatocele, or pneumatocyst is a cavity in the lungs filled with air that may result from pulmonary trauma.[1] A pneumatocele results when a lung laceration, a cut or tear in the lung tissue, fills with air.[1] A rupture of a small airway creates the air-filled cavity.[1] Pulmonary lacerations that fill with blood are called pulmonary hematomas.[1] In some cases, both pneumatoceles and hematomas exist in the same injured lung.[1] A pneumatocele can become enlarged, for example when the patient is mechanically ventilated or has acute respiratory distress syndrome, in which case it may not go away for months.[1] Diagnosis can be made using chest X-ray; the lesion shows up as a small, round area filled with air.[1] Computed tomography can give a more detailed understanding of the lesion.[1] Differential diagnoses, other conditions that could cause similar symptoms as pneumatocele, include lung cancer, tuburculosis, and a lung abscess.[1] Treatment includes monitoring and pulmonary toilet (the use of methods such as positioning and suction to keep the airways clear of secretions).[1]
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Chest trauma | |
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| Chest wall injuries and fractures | Rib fracture (Flail chest) · Sternal fracture, Clavicle fracture · Scapular fracture |
| Lung and respiratory system injuries | Pneumothorax (Tension) · Hemothorax · Hemopneumothorax · Pulmonary contusion · Pulmonary laceration · Tracheobronchial injury · Diaphragmatic rupture (Diaphragmatic hernia) |
| Cardiac and circulatory system injuries | Pericardial tamponade · Myocardial contusion · Myocardial rupture · Traumatic aortic rupture · Thoracic aorta injury |
| Injuries of other systems | Esophageal injury |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
