Platysma muscle

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Platysma muscle
Image:Platysma.png
Platysma is visible at bottom, in neck
Gray's	subject #110 387
Origin	inferior clavicle and fascia of chest
Insertion	mandible
Artery:
Nerve:	cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)
Action:	Draws the corners of the mouth inferiorly and widens it (as in expressions of sadness and fright). Also draws the skin of the neck superiorly when teeth are clenched
Antagonist:	Masseter, Temporalis
Dorlands /Elsevier	p_23/12646241

The platysma is a superficial muscle that overlaps the sternocleidomastoid.

It is a broad sheet arising from the fascia covering the upper parts of the Pectoralis major and Deltoideus; its fibers cross the clavicle, and proceed obliquely upward and medialward along the side of the neck.

The anterior fibers interlace, below and behind the symphysis menti, with the fibers of the muscle of the opposite side; the posterior fibers cross the mandible, some being inserted into the bone below the oblique line, others into the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the lower part of the face, many of these fibers blending with the muscles about the angle and lower part of the mouth.

Sometimes fibers can be traced to the Zygomaticus, or to the margin of the Orbicularis oculi. Beneath the Platysma, the external jugular vein descends from the angle of the mandible to the clavicle.

Contents 1 Variations 2 Nerve 3 Actions 4 External links 5 Additional images 6 External links

Variations

Variations occur in the extension over the face and over the clavicle and shoulder; it may be absent or interdigitate with the muscle of the opposite side in front of the neck; attachment to clavicle, mastoid process or occipital bone occurs. A more or less independent fasciculus, the Occipitalis minor, may extend from the fascia over the Trapezius to fascia over the insertion of the Sternocleidomastoideus.

Nerve

The Platysma is supplied by the cervical branch of the facial nerve.

Actions

When the entire Platysma is in action it produces a slight wrinkling of the surface of the skin of the neck in an oblique direction. Its anterior portion, the thickest part of the muscle, depresses the lower jaw; it also serves to draw down the lower lip and angle of the mouth in the expression of melancholy.

External links

• Platysma+muscle at eMedicine Dictionary

Additional images

Mandible. Outer surface. Side view.

Veins of the head and neck.

The nerves of the scalp, face, and side of neck.

External links

• LUC plat
• -724565957 at GPnotebook
• Image

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.

v • d • e List of muscles of head and neck: the neck
Cervical	CN VII (superficial): platysma CN XI (deep): sternocleidomastoid
Suprahyoid	CN V3 (medial): mylohyoid - anterior belly of digastric CN VII (lateral): stylohyoid - posterior belly of digastric C1 (deep): geniohyoid
Infrahyoid/strap	C1: thyrohyoid C1-C3: sternohyoid - sternothyroid - omohyoid
Vertebral	C1-C6 (anterior): rectus capitis (anterior, lateralis) - longus (capitis, colli) C3-C8 (lateral): scalene (anterior, medius, posterior)

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