Pediatric intensive care unit
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Overview
A pediatric intensive care unit, usually abbreviated to PICUis an area within a hospital specializing in the care of critically ill infants, children, and teenagers.
A PICU is typically directed by one or more pediatric intensivists or PICU consultants [1] and staffed by doctors and nurses who are specially trained and experienced in pediatric intensive care. The unit may also have nurse practitioners, respiratory therapists, physician assistants, physiotherapists, social workers and clerks on staff although this varies widely depending on geographic location.
The ratio of professionals to patients is generally higher than in other areas of the hospital, reflecting the acuity of PICU patients and the risk of life-threatening complications[2]. Complex technology and equipment is often in use, particularly mechanical ventilators and patient monitoring systems. Consequently, PICUs have a larger operating budget than many other departments within the hospital.[3]
History
Goran Haglund established the first pediatric intensive care unit, which he called a "pediatric emergency ward", in 1955.[4]
Infants were first kept intubated for long periods in the early 1960s[5]. Breathing tubes made out of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) allowed clinicians to avoid performing tracheostomy (surgically inserting a tube into the windpipe) in more children who required prolonged mechanical ventilation.[5]
See also
References
- ↑ (2003) "Pediatric Intensive Care", Pediatrics for Medical Students, 2nd, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 541. ISBN 9780781729413.
- ↑ Pronovost, PJ; Dang, D; Dorman, T et al (September 2001). "Intensive Care Unit Nurse Staffing and the Risk for Complications after Abdominal Aortic Surgery". Effective Clinical Practice 4 (5): 199-206. American College of Physicians–American Society of Internal Medicine. PMID 11685977. Retrieved on 2009-01-08.
- ↑ Moerer O; Plock E; Mgbor U et al (June 2007). "A German national prevalence study on the cost of intensive care: an evaluation from 51 intensive care units". Critical Care 11 (3): R69. BioMed Central. doi:10.1186/cc5952. Retrieved on 2009-01-08.
- ↑ Morton 1997: 3
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Duke, Trevor; Kissoon, Niranjan;Van Der Voort, Edwin (2008). "Pediatric Intensive Care: a Global Perspective", in David G Nichols: Roger's Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care, 4th, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 18-23. ISBN 9780781782753.
Cited texts
- Morton, Neil S (1997). Paediatric Intensive Care. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780192625113.
External links
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
