Lung mass other diagnostic studies
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2] Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[3]
Overview
Biopsy of a lung mass may be classified into 2 categories: non-surgical biopsy and surgical biopsy. Biopsy findings associated with lung mass will depend on tumor histology. Common types of lung tissue biopsy for lung mass include conventional bronchoscopic-guided transbronchial biopsy, bronchoscopic-transbronchial needle aspiration, endobronchial ultrasound-guided sheath transbronchial biopsy, and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. Common indications for biopsy in lung mass include suspected lung cancer and malignant features (lymph node involvement).
Other Diagnostic Studies
Biopsy
Biopsy of a lung mass may be classified into 2 categories:[1]
1. Non-surgical Biopsy
Bronchoscopy
- Common bronchoscopic biopsy techniques for lung mass include:[1]
- Conventional bronchoscopic-guided transbronchial biopsy
- Bronchoscopic-transbronchial needle aspiration
- Endobronchial ultrasound-guided sheath transbronchial biopsy
- Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration
- Indications for bronchoscopy in lung mass include:[1]
- Central nodules
- Large lesions
- Contraindication to surgery
- Nodules close to the patent airways
- Patients who are at risk of complications from other types of biopsy taking
Transthoracic Needle Biopsy
- Usually done by CT guidance
- Indications for transthoracic needle biopsy in pulmonary mass include:[1]
- Peripheral nodules
- Nodules close to the chest wall
- Contraindication to surgery
2. Surgical Biopsy
- Surgical excision is the mainstay therapy for malignant lung mass.
- Surgical excision is also the primary choice for the definitive diagnosis of malignant lung mass.
- In lung mass, surgical procedure selection will depend on the size, margins, and location of the tumor.
- Common surgical procedures for the treatment of lung mass include:
- Wedge resection
- Lobectomy
- Segmentectomy
- Lung volume reduction surgery