Lateral pterygoid muscle
| Lateral pterygoid muscle | |
|---|---|
| The Pterygoidei; the zygomatic arch and a portion of the ramus of the mandible have been removed. (Labeled as "pterygoideus externus", visible in pink at center.) | |
 | |
| Sagittal section of the articulation of the mandible. (Labeled as "pterygoideus externus", visible in gray at bottom right.) | |
| Latin | m. pterygoideus lateralis, m. pterygoideus externus |
| Gray's | subject #109 386 |
| Origin | Great wing of sphenoid and pterygoid plate |
| Insertion | Condyle of mandible |
| Artery: | pterygoid branches of maxillary artery |
| Nerve: | lateral pterygoid nerve from the mandibular nerve |
| Action: | depresses mandible |
| MeSH | Pterygoid+Muscles |
| Dorlands /Elsevier |
m_22/12550292 |
The lateral pterygoid (or external pterygoid) is a muscle of mastication with two heads.
Contents |
Origin and insertion
The upper/superior head originates on the infratemporal surface and infratemporal crest of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, and the lower/inferior head on the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate.
Both heads insert onto the pterygoid fovea under the condyloid process of the mandible; the articular disc and fibrous capsule of the TMJ.
Innervation
The lateral pterygoid nerve - The mandibular branch of the fifth cranial nerve, the trigeminal nerve, innervates the lateral pterygoid muscle.
Function
It acts to lower the mandible, open the jaw, and help the medial pterygoids in moving the jaw from side to side (mastication).
Unlike the other three muscles of mastication, the lateral pterygoid is the only one that opens the jaw, or depresses the mandible. At the beginning of this action it is assisted by the digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles.
Additional images
Sphenoid bone. Anterior and inferior surfaces.
Mandible. Inner surface. Side view.
Plan of branches of internal maxillary artery.
Distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion.
External links
- -73793457 at GPnotebook
- LUC lpte
- Norman/Georgetown lesson4 (musclesofmastication2)
- Mnemonic at medicalmnemonics.com 70
- Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 25420.000-1
- Cross section at tufts.edu
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nl:Musculus pterygoideus lateralissr:Спољашњи криласти мишић
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